Okokuqala, iingenelo zesiseko segranite
Ukuqina okuphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka okuphantsi kobushushu
Uxinano lwegranite luphezulu (malunga ne-2.6-2.8 g/cm³), kwaye i-Young's modulus inokufikelela kwi-50-100 GPa, idlula kakhulu eyokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zesinyithi eziqhelekileyo. Olu qina luphezulu lunokuthintela ngempumelelo ukungcangcazela kwangaphandle kunye nokuguquguquka komthwalo, kwaye luqinisekise ukuba isikhokelo sokudada emoyeni siyathamba. Kwangaxeshanye, i-coefficient yokwandiswa komgca wegranite iphantsi kakhulu (malunga ne-5×10⁻⁶/℃), yi-1/3 kuphela ye-aluminium alloy, phantse akukho kuguquguquka kobushushu kwindawo yokuguquguquka kobushushu, ngakumbi efanelekileyo kwiilabhoratri zobushushu ezihlala zihleli okanye kwiindawo zoshishino ezinomahluko omkhulu wobushushu phakathi kwemini nobusuku.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kokudambisa
Isakhiwo segranite esine-polycrystalline senza ukuba ibe neempawu zokudambisa kwendalo, kwaye ixesha lokuncitshiswa kokungcangcazela likhawuleza ngokuphindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu kunelentsimbi. Kwinkqubo yokulungisa ngokuchanekileyo, inokufunxa ngempumelelo ukungcangcazela okuphindaphindekayo okufana nokuqala nokumisa kwemoto, ukusika izixhobo, kwaye kuphephe impembelelo yesandi ekuchanekeni kokubeka iqonga elihambayo (ixabiso eliqhelekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-±0.1μm).
Uzinzo olunemilinganiselo yexesha elide
Emva kweminyaka engamakhulu ezigidi zeenkqubo zejoloji zenze i-granite, uxinzelelo lwayo lwangaphakathi luye lwakhululwa ngokupheleleyo, ngokungafaniyo nezinto zesinyithi ngenxa yoxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olubangelwa kukuguquka okucothayo. Idatha yovavanyo ibonisa ukuba utshintsho lobungakanani besiseko se-granite lungaphantsi kwe-1μm/m ngexesha leminyaka eli-10, nto leyo ingcono kakhulu kunezakhiwo zesinyithi okanye zentsimbi edibeneyo.
Ayinamhlwa kwaye ayinayo isondlo
I-granite ukuya kwi-asidi kunye ne-alkali, ioyile, umswakama kunye nezinye izinto ezingqongileyo zinokunyamezela okukhulu, akukho mfuneko yokugquma umaleko ochasene nomhlwa rhoqo njengesiseko sesinyithi. Emva kokusila nokupolisha, uburhabaxa bomphezulu bunokufikelela kwi-Ra 0.2μm okanye ngaphantsi, obunokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo njengomphezulu wokuthwala wesitimela esikhokelayo sokudada emoyeni ukunciphisa iimpazamo zokuhlanganisa.
Okwesibini, imida yesiseko segranite
Ubunzima bokucubungula kunye nengxaki yeendleko
I-Granite inobunzima be-Mohs obuyi-6-7, ifuna ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zedayimani zokusila ngokuchanekileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kokucubungula yi-1/5 kuphela yezinto zesinyithi. Ulwakhiwo oluntsonkothileyo lomngxuma wedovetail, imingxunya enemisonto kunye nezinye iimpawu zeendleko zokucubungula ziphezulu, kwaye umjikelo wokucubungula mde (umzekelo, ukucutshungulwa kweqonga le-2m×1m kuthatha iiyure ezingaphezu kwama-200), nto leyo ebangela ukuba ixabiso lilonke libe ngaphezulu kwama-30%-50% kuneqonga le-aluminium alloy.
Umngcipheko wokuqhekeka okubuthathaka
Nangona amandla okuxinwa anokufikelela kwi-200-300MPa, amandla okutsalwa kwegranite yi-1/10 kuphela yayo. Ukuqhekeka okubhityileyo kulula ukwenzeka xa kukho umthwalo omkhulu, kwaye umonakalo kunzima ukuwulungisa. Kubalulekile ukuphepha uxinzelelo ngoyilo lwesakhiwo, njengokusebenzisa utshintsho lwekona olujikelezileyo, ukwandisa inani leendawo zokuxhasa, njl.
Ubunzima buzisa imida yenkqubo
Uxinano lwegranite luphindwe kayi-2.5 kunolwe-aluminium alloy, nto leyo ebangela ukwanda okukhulu kobunzima beqonga lilonke. Oku kubeka imfuneko ephezulu kumthamo wokuthwala wesakhiwo senkxaso, kwaye ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kunokuchaphazeleka ziingxaki ze-inertia kwiimeko ezifuna intshukumo yesantya esiphezulu (njengetafile ye-lithography wafer).
I-anisotropy yezinto ezibonakalayo
Ukusasazwa kweenxalenye zeminerali zegranite yendalo kubhekiselele kwicala elithile, kwaye ubunzima kunye ne-thermal expansion coefficient yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zahlukile kancinci (malunga ne-±5%). Oku kungazisa iimpazamo ezingenakuthathelwa ngqalelo kwiiplatifomu ezichanekileyo kakhulu (ezifana nokubekwa kwe-nanoscale), ekufuneka ziphuculwe ngokukhethwa kwezinto ezingqongqo kunye nonyango lwe-homogenization (ezifana ne-calcination yobushushu obuphezulu).
Njengenxalenye ephambili yezixhobo zoshishino ezichanekileyo kakhulu, iqonga lomoya ohambayo oxinzelelweyo oqinileyo lisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso ye-semiconductor, ukucubungula nge-optical, ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo nakwezinye iinkalo. Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezisisiseko kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo uzinzo, ukuchaneka kunye nobomi benkonzo yeqonga. I-Granite (i-granite yendalo), eneempawu zayo zomzimba ezikhethekileyo, iye yaba yinto ethandwayo kwiziseko zeqonga kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-09-2025