I-DIN, i-JIS, i-GB, i-ASME: Isikhokelo Esisebenzayo kwiMigangatho yePlati yoMphezulu weGranite

Abathengi abathelekisa iipleyiti zomphezulu wegranite ezivela kubathengisi abahlukeneyo badla ngokudibana nengxaki engathethekiyo: iipleyiti ezimbini zinokuthi zombini zichaneke “ngeBanga 0″ okanye “ngeBanga AA” kodwa zingathethi into enye, kuba zibhekisa kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo yelizwe eneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyamezelana. Esi sikhokelo sichaza oko imigangatho ephambili ikutshoyo kunye nesizathu sokuba umahluko ubalulekile xa uthenga izixhobo.

Kutheni kungekho mgangatho mnye wehlabathi

Iipleyiti zomphezulu wegranite zilinganiswe ngokuchasene nokunyamezelana okuthe tyaba okulinganisa ubungakanani bepleyiti — ipleyiti eyi-1600mm kunye nepleyiti eyi-300mm ngokucacileyo azinakuthwala ukunyamezelana okufanayo. Amazwe ahlukeneyo aphuhlise iifomyula zawo zolu kulinganisa, ngokubanzi malunga nexesha elifanayo lokulinganisa kwemizi-mveliso:

• IJamani — I-DIN 876 mhlawumbi yeyona migangatho ikhankanywa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela, ichaza amanqanaba okuchaneka angama-00, 0, 1, kunye no-2, kunye nebanga lama-00 eliqinileyo. I-DIN 875 kunye ne-DIN 650 izixhobo zegranite ezinxulumene nesigqubuthelo.
• I-United States — I-Federal Standard GGG-P-463c kunye ne-ASME B89.3.7 yanamhlanje ichaza amanqanaba e-AA, A, kunye ne-B kwiiplati zomphezulu, ngokwembali eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokulinganisa iilebhu zaseMelika kunye neevenkile zoomatshini ezilinganiswa ngayo.
• IJapan — I-JIS B 7513 imisela inkqubo yayo yokulinganisa, edla ngokubhekiselwa kwizixhobo ezakhelwe okanye ezithunyelwa kubavelisi baseJapan, ingakumbi kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngezixhobo ze-semiconductor.
• I-China — imigangatho ye-GB/T, esondelelene nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje njengoko izixhobo ezichanekileyo ezenziwe eTshayina ziqhubeka zikhonza iimarike zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe.
• I-United Kingdom — BS 817, iRashiya — GOST 10905, kunye neFrance — imigangatho ye-NF igqibezela uluhlu lwemigangatho esetyenziswa ngokuxhomekeke kwilizwe lesixhobo okanye indawo esikuyo.

Yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kwabo?

Ukungavisisani okuphambili phakathi kwemigangatho akuyonto iphambili — yifomula yezibalo esetyenziswa yiyo nganye ukubala ukuphambuka okuphezulu okuvumelekileyo kokuthe tyaba ngokusekelwe kubude obuphakathi kwepleyiti. Ipleyiti yeDIN 876 yeBanga 0 kunye nepleyiti yeJIS yeBanga 1 yobukhulu obufanayo zinokuphela zinemilinganiselo esondeleyo kodwa engalinganiyo. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zoshishino umahluko awubonakali. Kwiilabhoratri zemetrology ezenza ukulinganiswa okulandelekayo, okanye kwizixhobo ezilungiselelwe umthengi ofuna ngokucacileyo isiqinisekiso seDIN okanye seJIS, akunjalo.

Yiyo loo nto, xa ufunaizinto zegraniteKwi-export, kubalulekile ukubuza umthengisi ukuba nguwuphi umgangatho isiqinisekiso sokulinganisa esibhekisa kuwo ngokwenene - kungekuphela nje ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwebanga oluvela kumaphepha. Ibango "leBanga 0" elingenamgangatho obizwayo alinakuqinisekiswa.

Ukulandeleka: inxalenye elula ukuyitsiba

Isatifikethi sokulinganisa sithembekile kuphela njengetyathanga elingasemva kwaso. Isixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ipleyiti - inqanaba le-elektroniki, i-autocollimator, i-laser interferometer - kufanele ukuba sona ngokwaso silinganiswe yi-metrology institution evunyiweyo, kwaye olo linganiso kufuneka lulandelelwe kumgangatho oyintloko wesizwe. Ngokwenyani, oku kuthetha ukucela:

1. Isatifikethi sokulinganisa ipleyiti okanye icandelo elithile, esichaza ukuba yeyiphi imigangatho (DIN/JIS/GB/ASME/njl.) esetyenzisiweyo.
2. Isatifikethi sokulinganisa isixhobo sokulinganisa esisetyenzisiweyo, esikhutshwe liziko le-metrology elaziwayo.
3. Ingxelo ecacileyo yokungaqiniseki komlinganiselo, kungekuphela nje kwinqanaba lokupasa/lokungaphumeleli.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yile ndlela amabango “aqinisekisiweyo ebanga le-0″ ngamanye amaxesha aphuma ngayo ekubeni akhutshwe ngumzi-mveliso ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa ngumntu wesithathu konke konke — ngokobuchwephesha abukho bubuqhetseba, kodwa awanantsingiselo ngokwawo.

Inqaku elisebenzisekayo kumaqela okuthenga

Ukuba izixhobo zakho zilungiselelwe iimarike ezininzi zokuthumela ngaphandle, kudla ngokuba kuhle ukucela ukulinganiswa kabini - umzekelo, zombini amanani e-DIN 876 kunye ne-JIS B 7513 - endaweni yokucinga ukuba umgangatho omnye uguqulela komnye ngokucacileyo. Kubiza ngaphezulu ngexesha lokulinganisa, kodwa kususa ukungaqondakali kumthengi wokugqibela, ngakumbi kumashishini afana ne-semiconductor kunye nokuveliswa kweemoto apho isebe lomgangatho lomthengi wokugqibela liza kucela amaxwebhu athile asemgangathweni.