Kwimveliso ephezulu yokuchaneka kunye ne-metrology, i-slab yegranite sisiseko esingenakuphikiswa-inqaku le-zero-point reference for dimensional measurement. Ukukwazi kwayo ukubamba inqwelomoya ekufutshane-egqibeleleyo ayisiyonto nje yendalo, kodwa isiphumo senkqubo elawulwa ngokucokisekileyo yokubunjwa, elandelwa luqeqesho olululo, lwesiqhelo. Kodwa loluphi uhambo oluqinisekileyo oluthathwa yigranite ukufezekisa loo mfezeko, kwaye zeziphi iiprothokholi eziyimfuneko ukuyigcina? Kwiinjineli kunye nabaphathi bomgangatho, ukuqonda zombini i-genesis yokuchaneka kunye namanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuyigcina kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni umgangatho wokuvelisa.
Icandelo 1: Inkqubo yokuBumba—Ubunjineli bokuFlatyiswa
Uhambo lwe-slab ye-granite, ukusuka kwibhloko enqamlekileyo ukuya kwi-reference-grade surface plate, ibandakanya uchungechunge lokusila, ukuzinzisa, kunye nezigaba zokugqiba, nganye yenzelwe ukunciphisa ngokunyuka impazamo ye-dimensional.
Ekuqaleni, emva kokusika, i-slab ixhomekeke kwi-Rough Shaping kunye nokugaya. Eli nqanaba lisusa izixa ezikhulu zemathiriyeli ukuseka uqikelelo lwejiyometri yokugqibela kunye nokucaba okurhabaxa. Okubaluleke kakhulu, le nkqubo ikwanceda ukukhulula uninzi loxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olwakheka etyeni ngexesha lokwembiwa kunye nokusikwa kokuqala. Ngokuvumela i-slab ukuba "izinze" kwaye izinze kwakhona emva kwenyathelo ngalinye elikhulu lokususa izinto, sithintela ukukhukuliseka kwexesha elizayo, siqinisekisa uzinzo lwexesha elide.
Utshintsho lokwenyani lwenzeka ngexesha loBugcisa boBugcisa bokuLapha. I-Lapping yinkqubo yokugqibela, ekhethekileyo ekhethekileyo ecokisa umphezulu othe tyaba ube yinqwelomoya eqinisekisiweyo. Oku asikokusila ngoomatshini; luvavanyo olucokisekileyo, olunesantya esisezantsi, olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Sisebenzisa iikhompawundi ezicolekileyo, ezikhululekileyo ezirhabaxa-kaninzi idayimane eludaka-ixhonywe kwindawo engamanzi, ifakwe phakathi komphezulu wegraniti kunye nepleyiti eyomeleleyo yentsimbi yokuphosa. Intshukumo ilawulwa ngononophelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukususwa kwezinto ezifanayo kuwo wonke umhlaba. Esi siphumo somndilili, esiphinda-phindwa ngesandla kunye nangoomatshini kumanyathelo aphindaphindayo, ngokuthe ngcembe sicokisa ukuthambeka ukuya kwi-microns okanye nakwi-sub-microns (ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo efana ne-ASME B89.3.7 okanye i-ISO 8512). Ukuchaneka okuphunyeziweyo apha kuncinci malunga nomatshini kwaye ngaphezulu malunga nobuchule bomsebenzisi, esibujonga njengomsebenzi obalulekileyo, ongenakubuyiselwa.
Icandelo 2: Ukunyamekela—Isitshixo Sokugcina Ukuchana
Ipleyiti yomphezulu wegranite sisixhobo esichanekileyo, hayi ibhentshi yokusebenza. Emva kokuba iqinisekisiwe, ukukwazi kwayo ukugcina ukuchaneka kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiiprothokholi zabasebenzisi kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Ulawulo lokusiNgqongileyo yeyona nto inkulu echaphazela ukuchaneka kwegranite. Ngelixa i-granite ine-coefficient ephantsi yokwandiswa kwe-thermal (COE), umahluko weqondo lokushisa phakathi kwendawo ephezulu kunye nesezantsi (i-gradient yobushushu ethe nkqo) inokubangela ukuba i-slab yonke idome okanye i-wap. Ke ngoko, ipleyiti kufuneka igcinwe kude nelanga elithe ngqo, iidrafti zokupholisa umoya, kunye nemithombo yobushushu obugqithisileyo. Indawo efanelekileyo igcina i-68°F ± 1°F ezinzileyo (20℃ ± 0.5℃).
Ngokumalunga nokuSetyenziswa kunye neProtocol yokuCoca, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwendawo kubangela ukunxitywa okungalinganiyo. Ukulwa noku, sicebisa ngamaxesha athile ukujikeleza i-slab kwisigxina sayo kunye nokusabalalisa umsebenzi wokulinganisa kuwo wonke umhlaba. Ukucoca rhoqo kunyanzelekile. Uthuli kunye ne-debris ecocekileyo isebenza njenge-abrasives, ukukhawuleza ukuguga. Kufuneka kusetyenziswe izicoci ezikhethekileyo zegranite kuphela, okanye i-high-purity isopropyl alcohol. Ungaze usebenzise izicoci zasemakhaya okanye izicoci ezisekwe emanzini ezinokushiya iintsalela ezincangathi okanye, kwimeko yamanzi, zigodole okwexeshana kwaye zigqwethe umphezulu. Xa ipleyiti ingasebenzi, kufuneka igqunywe ngesigqubuthelo esicocekileyo, esithambileyo, esingaqhubi.
Okokugqibela, malunga nokuRecalibration kunye noHlaziyo, nangokhathalelo olugqibeleleyo, ukunxiba akunakuphepheka. Ngokuxhomekeke kwibakala lokusetyenziswa (umzekelo, iBanga AA, A, okanye B) kunye nomthwalo womsebenzi, ipleyiti yomphezulu wegraniti kufuneka ihlaziywe ngokutsha ngokusesikweni rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezingama-36. Igcisa eliqinisekisiweyo lisebenzisa izixhobo ezifana nee-autocollimators okanye i-laser interferometers ukwenza imephu yokutenxa kumphezulu. Ukuba ipleyiti iwela ngaphandle kwebakala layo lokunyamezelana, i-ZHHIMG inikezela ngeenkonzo zokuphinda ingcaphephe. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukubuyisela umjikelo ochanekileyo kwisiza okanye kwindawo yethu ukuze ubuyisele ngobunono ubuqhetseba obuqinisekisiweyo obuqinisekisiweyo, ukusetwa ngokutsha ngokufanelekileyo ubomi besixhobo.
Ngokuqonda inkqubo yokubumba izinto eziphezulu kunye nokuzibophelela kwishedyuli yolondolozo olungqongqo, abasebenzisi banokuqinisekisa ukuba iipleyiti zabo zomphezulu wegranite zihlala zisisiseko esithembekileyo sazo zonke iimfuno zabo zomgangatho ochanekileyo, ishumi leminyaka emva kweshumi leminyaka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-24-2025