Ipleyiti yomphezulu wegranite iphuma kumzi-mveliso inesatifikethi sokuba tyaba esiqhotyoshelwe kuyo. Emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, kwigumbi lokuhlola lomthengi, loo pleyiti inye inokulinganisa ngokwahlukileyo - kungengenxa yokuba ilitye litshintshe indlela eliyiyo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba igumbi eliyijikelezileyo latshintsha indlela eliyiyo. Le yenye yezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo, kwaye zinokuthintelwa ngakumbi, zokutshintsha komlinganiselo kwiilebhu zemetrology.
Igranite ikhethwa kwiitafile zokulinganisa kunyeiziseko ezichanekileyokuba kanye imelana nokuguquguquka ngcono kunentsimbi ephosiweyo okanye intsimbi. Ayigqwali, inobushushu obuphantsi, kwaye ifumisa ukungcangcazela kakuhle. Kodwa "ukumelana nokuguquguquka" akufani "nokungakhuseleki kuyo." Ukugcinwa okungafanelekanga - utshintsho lobushushu, ukufuma, inkxaso engalinganiyo, okanye ukuphathwa ngokungakhathali - kunokwenza ukuba iplati ingasebenzi kakuhle iinyanga zomsebenzi wokusila nokuleqa ngaphambi kokuba ipleyiti ifikelele kumgangatho wevenkile yomthengi.
Kutheni Iimeko Zokugcina Izinto Zibaluleke Ngaphezu Kokuba Abantu Becinga
I-granite yinto yendalo ekristale, kwaye njengayo nayiphi na into eqinileyo, iyasabela kwimeko-bume yayo. Zintathu izinto ezibangela uninzi lweengxaki ezinxulumene nokugcinwa esizibonayo kweli candelo:
Ukutshintshatshintsha kobushushu. Nokuba kukho i-coefficient ephantsi yokwandiswa kobushushu, i-granite slab evezwa kukutshintshatshintsha kwemihla ngemihla kwe-10–15°C iya kwanda ize inciphe kwinqanaba le-microscopic. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ingakumbi xa kufudunyezwa ngokungalinganiyo — ukukhanya kwelanga kubetha umphetho omnye wepleyiti, okanye isifudumezi sendlu yokugcina impahla sijikeleza siphinde sivale — oku kunokungenisa ukuphambuka okulinganiselweyo kokuthe tyaba, ngakumbi kwiipleyiti ezisikiweyo ukuya kukunyamezelana okungaphantsi kwe-micron.
Ukufuma kunye nokufunxwa komswakama. I-granite inezimbobo ezithile, kwaye ilitye elingabizi kakhulu - ngakumbi imabula ethengiswa phantsi kweleyibhile "ye-granite" ngababoneleli abangacwangciswanga kakuhle - ifunxa umswakama ngokulula kwaye ithambekele kakhulu ekugobeni nasekudayeni umphezulu. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba ukukhetha izinto kubaluleke kakhulu njengomgangatho womatshini. Ilitye elinobunzima obuphezulu, elikuluhlu lwe-3,000 kg/m³ nangaphezulu, limelana nokufunxwa komswakama ngcono kakhulu kunezinye iindlela ezikumgangatho ophantsi.
Inkxaso kunye nokusasazwa komthwalo. Ipleyiti yegranite egcinwe kumgangatho ongalinganiyo, okanye exhaswe kuphela emaphethelweni ayo, iya kutshona ngokuhamba kwexesha phantsi kobunzima bayo - umgaqo ofanayo osebenza kuyo nayiphi na i-slab eqinileyo phantsi komthwalo oqhubekayo. Imisebe emide echanekileyo kunye neepleyiti ezinkulu zinovelwano kakhulu koku, kuba neemilimitha ezimbalwa zobubanzi obungaxhaswayo zinokuguqulelwa kwisaphetha esibonakalayo.
Indlela Indawo Elungileyo Yokugcina Izinto Ebonakala Ngayo
Ngokusekelwe kwiminyaka yokuphatha izinto zegranite ngaphambi nasemva kokusila, iindlela ezimbalwa zokwenza umahluko zihlala zisenzeka:
- Gcina iipleyiti kwiindawo zazo zokuxhasa ezenzelwe zona (ngesiqhelo ii-three-points okanye ii-Bessel points zezixhobo ezinde), ungaze uthe tyaba phezu komphezulu ongalinganiyo.
- Gcina ubushushu obungqongileyo buzinzile — kungcono ukuba bube ngaphakathi kwebhendi efanayo apho ipleyiti iza kusetyenziswa khona, ukuthintela ukuba kufutshane neengcango, iifestile, okanye ii-HVAC vents.
- Lawula ukufuma ukuze uthintele ukufuduka komswakama ungene kwiimbobo ezincinci zelitye, ingakumbi kwiipleyiti ezilindele ukulinganiswa kokugqibela.
- Kuphephe ukuqokelela izinto zegranite ngqo phezu kwenye ngaphandle kweendawo ezifanelekileyo; ukudibana kwenqaku phantsi kobunzima yimbangela eqhelekileyo yokuqhekeka kunye noxinzelelo lwendawo ethile.
- Jonga kwakhona ukuba iplati ithambile na emva kwexesha elide lokugcina ngaphambi kokuba iplati ibuyele ekusebenzeni, endaweni yokucinga ukuba isatifiketi sokuqala sisasebenza.
Isakhiwo sethu sisebenza ngamagumbi alawulwa bubushushu kunye nokufuma ngokukodwa kweli nqanaba lemveliso - kungekuphela nje kokuhlolwa kokugqibela, kodwa nakwiiplati zokubeka izinto phakathi kokugaya kunye nangaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Umgangatho kula magumbi ungqimba lwekhonkrithi oluqinisiweyo, oluhlukaniswe kwisakhiwo esijikelezileyo ngamajoyinti okwandiswa kwe-seismic, okugcina ukungcangcazela kunye nokuqina kungachaphazeli izinto ezigciniweyo. Yinkcukacha engabonakaliyo kwiphepha le-spec, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngumahluko phakathi kwepleyiti egcina ubungqabavu bayo obuqinisekisiweyo kangangeminyaka kunye nenye efuna ukuphinda idityaniswe ngaphakathi kwexesha lonyaka.
Uxanduva Oluhlanganyelweyo
Abavelisi banokulawula okwenzekayo ngaphambi kokuba kuthunyelwe. Okwenzekayo emva koko - kwindawo yokwamkela umthengi, kwindawo yokugcina impahla ekwabelwana ngayo, okanye kwilebhu engakhange igqibe ukwakha kwayo ulawulo lwemozulu - akusekho ezandleni zomthengisi. Leyo yinxalenye yesizathu sokuba uxwebhu lubalulekile: izatifikethi zokulinganisa ezilandelelwa kwiziko le-metrology elaziwayo zinika isiseko sokulinganisa kamva, kwaye ukuqinisekiswa kwakhona rhoqo (ngonyaka, okanye emva kokuvezwa okubalulekileyo kokusingqongileyo) yindlela eqhelekileyo phakathi kweelebhu ezithatha ukuphindaphinda nzulu.
Iitafile zokulinganisa igranite kunye neepleyiti zomphezulu zizinto eziza kusetyenziswa ixesha elide kulo naliphi na ilabhoratri yokulinganisa, igumbi le-CMM, okanye umgca wokuhlanganisa ngokuchanekileyo. Uzinzo lwezixhobo luyinzuzo yokwenyani kunezinye iindlela zentsimbi okanye zesinyithi, kodwa kuphela ukuba olo zinzo aluphazanyiswa yigumbi elikulo. Ukuphatha indawo yokugcina izinto njengenxalenye yekhonkco lokuchonga — endaweni yokucinga emva kokuba ipleyiti iphumelele uhlolo lokugqibela — ngumkhwa omncinci wokusebenza ozihlawulela ubomi bokusebenza kwezixhobo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-05-2026