Kwicandelo loomatshini bokumakisha i-laser benqanaba le-picosecond, ukuchaneka sisalathisi esiphambili sokuvavanya ukusebenza kwezixhobo. Isiseko, njengesithwali esiphambili senkqubo ye-laser kunye nezinto ezichanekileyo, izinto zaso zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuzinza kokuchaneka kokucubungula. I-Granite kunye ne-cast iron, njengezixhobo ezimbini ezisisiseko, zinomahluko omkhulu kwiimpawu zokuncitshiswa kokuchaneka ngexesha lokucubungula i-picosecond yenqanaba eliphezulu. Eli nqaku liza kuhlalutya ngokunzulu iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kokusebenza kwezi zimbini ukubonelela ngesiseko sesayensi sokuphucula izixhobo.
Iimpawu zezinto ezibonakalayo zimisela isiseko sokuchaneka
I-Granite ngokuyintloko lilitye eliyi-igneous elenziwe ngeenkqubo zejoloji kwiminyaka engamakhulu ezigidi. Ulwakhiwo lwayo lwangaphakathi lwekristale luxinene kwaye lufana, kunye ne-linear expansion coefficient ephantsi njenge-0.5-8 × 10⁻⁶/℃, efana neye-accuracy alloys efana ne-indium steel. Olu phawu lwenza utshintsho lwayo lobukhulu lungabi namsebenzi xa ubushushu obujikelezayo butshintshatshintsha, nto leyo ethintela ngokufanelekileyo i-optical path offset kunye neempazamo zoomatshini ezibangelwa kukwanda kobushushu kunye nokuxinana. Ukongeza, uxinano lwe-granite luphezulu njenge-2.6-2.8g / cm³, ngokwendalo enekhono elihle lokufunxa ukungcangcazela. Inganciphisa ngokukhawuleza ukungcangcazela okuphezulu okuveliswa ngexesha lokucubungula nge-laser, iqinisekisa uzinzo lwenkqubo ye-optical kunye neendawo ezihambayo.
Iziseko zesinyithi eziphothiweyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo kakuhle kokuphothiweyo kunye neenzuzo zeendleko. Ulwakhiwo oluqhelekileyo lwegrafiti yesinyithi esingwevu luyinika ukusebenza okuthile kokuphothiweyo, okunokufunxa malunga ne-30% ukuya kwi-50% yamandla okungcangcazela. Nangona kunjalo, i-coefficient yokwandiswa kobushushu besinyithi esiphothiweyo imalunga ne-10-12 × 10⁻⁶/℃, ephindwe kabini-kathathu kunegranite. Phantsi kokuqokelelwa kobushushu obuveliswa kukucubungula okuqhubekayo kwexesha elide, ukuguquguquka kobukhulu bunokwenzeka. Okwangoku, kukho uxinzelelo lokuphothiweyo ngaphakathi kwesinyithi esiphothiweyo. Njengoko uxinzelelo lukhutshwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokusetyenziswa, lunokubangela utshintsho olungenakuguqulwa kubuthe tyaba kunye nokuma kwesiseko.
Indlela yokuthomalalisa ngokuchanekileyo kwi-picosecond-level processing
Ukucubungula i-laser yePicosecond, ngeempawu zayo ze-pulse ezimfutshane kakhulu, kunokufezekisa ukucubungula okucokisekileyo kwinqanaba le-sub-micron okanye kwinqanaba le-nanometer, kodwa kukwabeka neemfuno ezingqongqo zokuzinza kwezixhobo. Isiseko se-granite, ngesakhiwo saso sangaphakathi esizinzileyo, sinokulawula impendulo yokungcangcazela kwinqanaba le-sub-micron phantsi kwempembelelo ye-laser ephindaphindayo, sigcina ngokufanelekileyo ukuchaneka kokubekwa kwe-laser focus. Idatha elinganisiweyo ibonisa ukuba umatshini wokumakisha i-laser onesiseko se-granite usagcina ukuphambuka kobubanzi bomgca ngaphakathi kwe-±0.5μm emva kokucubungula i-picosecond okuqhubekekayo kweeyure ezi-8.
Xa isiseko sesinyithi esityhidiweyo sichatshazelwa kukungcangcazela okuphezulu kwe-laser ye-picosecond, isakhiwo sangaphakathi sengqolowa siya kudinwa ngemicroscope ngenxa yempembelelo eqhubekayo, nto leyo ebangela ukwehla kokuqina kwesiseko. Idatha yokubeka esweni evela kwishishini elithile lokuvelisa i-semiconductor ibonisa ukuba emva kweenyanga ezintandathu zokusebenza, izinga lokuncitshiswa kokuchaneka kokucubungula kwezixhobo ezineziseko zesinyithi esityhidiweyo lifikelela kwi-12%, ikakhulu libonakala njengokwanda kobunzima bemiphetho yemigca kunye nokwanda kweempazamo zokubeka. Okwangoku, isinyithi esityhidiweyo sinovakalelo oluncinci kumswakama ongqongileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kuthambekele ekugqwaleni, nto leyo ekhawulezisa ngakumbi ukonakala kokuchaneka.
Ukuqinisekiswa komahluko ekusebenzeni kwizicelo ezisebenzayo
Kwicandelo lokucubungula izinto ngobuchule be-elektroniki be-3C, ishishini elaziwayo lenze uvavanyo lokuthelekisa ukusebenza kwezixhobo zeentlobo ezimbini zeziseko zezinto. Kolu vavanyo, oomatshini ababini bokumakisha i-laser ye-picosecond abanobume obufanayo baxhotyiswe ngokulandelelana ngeziseko ze-granite kunye ne-cast iron ukusika nokumakisha iglasi yezikrini zefowuni eziphathwayo ngobubanzi be-0.1mm. Emva kweeyure ezingama-200 zokucubungula okuqhubekayo, izinga lokugcina ukuchaneka kokucubungula izixhobo zesiseko se-granite yayiyi-98.7%, ngelixa elo lezixhobo zesiseko sesinyithi yayiyi-86.3% kuphela. Imiphetho yeglasi ecutshungulwe yile yokugqibela ibonise iziphene ezicacileyo ze-sawtooth.
Kwimveliso yezinto zeenqwelo-moya, idatha yokubeka esweni ixesha elide yesikhungo esithile sophando ibonisa umahluko ngokucacileyo: Umatshini wokumakisha nge-laser onesiseko segranite unokunciphisa ukuchaneka okuqokelelweyo okungaphantsi kwe-3μm kubomi benkonzo yeminyaka emihlanu; Nangona kunjalo, emva kweminyaka emithathu, impazamo yokucubungula izixhobo zesiseko sesinyithi esityhidiweyo ebangelwe kukuguquka kwesiseko idlule umgangatho wenkqubo we-±10μm, kwaye kufuneka kwenziwe ukulinganiswa kokuchaneka komatshini ngokubanzi.
Iingcebiso zokuphucula izigqibo
Ukuba amashishini athatha ukucutshungulwa okuchanekileyo nokuzinzileyo komjikelo omde njengeemfuno zawo eziphambili, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifana neetships ze-semiconductor kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo ezichanekileyo, iziseko zegranite, ezinozinzo lwazo oluphezulu lobushushu kunye nokumelana nokungcangcazela, lukhetho olufanelekileyo lokuphucula. Nangona iindleko zayo zokuqala zokuthenga ziphezulu ngama-30% ukuya kuma-50% kunezo zesinyithi esityhidiweyo, ngokwembono yeendleko zomjikelo wobomi obupheleleyo, ukuhla kobuninzi bokulinganiswa okuchanekileyo kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi kwezixhobo zokulungisa kunokuphucula kakhulu iingenelo zizonke. Kwiimeko zesicelo ezineemfuno eziphantsi zokuchaneka kokucubungula kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali olulinganiselweyo, iziseko zesinyithi esityhidiweyo zingasetyenziswa njengesisombululo sokutshintsha phantsi kwengcamango yokulawula ngokufanelekileyo imeko-bume yokusetyenziswa.
Ngokuthelekisa ngokucwangcisiweyo iimpawu zokuncitshiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwegranite kunye nesinyithi esityhidiweyo ekucutshungulweni kwinqanaba le-picosecond, kunokubonwa ukuba ukukhetha izixhobo zesiseko ezifanelekileyo linyathelo eliphambili lokuphucula ukuchaneka kokucubungula kunye nokuthembeka komatshini wokumakisha i-laser. Amashishini kufuneka, ngenxa yeemfuno zawo zobuchwepheshe kunye nokuqwalaselwa kweendleko, enze izigqibo zesayensi kwisicwangciso sokuphucula isiseko ukuze anike isiseko esiqinileyo sezixhobo zokwenza imveliso ephezulu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-22-2025