Ngaphambili kwimveliso echanekileyo kunye nophando lwesayensi, yonke impazamo inokuba "sisithintelo" esithintela ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha. Njengesixhobo esiphambili sokufezekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokuhamba, ukusebenza kweqonga lokuhamba elihambayo lomoya oxinzelelweyo kunxulumene ngqo nomgangatho kunye nempumelelo yeziphumo. Phakathi kwezinto ezininzi ezinefuthe, isiseko segranite, esineempawu zaso ezingenakuthelekiswa nanto, siye saba yinto ephambili yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweqonga.
I-granite, emva kwezigidi zeminyaka yotshintsho lwejoloji oluthomalalisiweyo, ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi luxinene kwaye lufana, ikakhulu yi-quartz, i-feldspar kunye nezinye iiminerali ezidityaniswe ngokusondeleyo. Olu lwakhiwo lukhethekileyo lwendalo lunika isiseko se-granite uthotho lweempawu ezibalaseleyo.
Zizinzile kakhulu, zahlulwe kukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle
Ukungcangcazela kwindawo engaphandle lutshaba lokuchaneka kweqonga lomoya oxinzelelweyo ohambayo. Ukungcangcazela okubangelwa kukusebenza koomatshini abakhulu kunye nezixhobo kumgangatho wefektri kunye nezithuthi ezijikelezileyo kunokudluliselwa kwiqonga elihambayo emhlabeni. Nangona kunjalo, isiseko segranite sinjenge "nqaba eqinileyo yokumelana nenyikima." Isakhiwo sayo esintsonkothileyo sekristale sinokuvimba ngempumelelo kwaye sinciphise ukungcangcazela, kwaye ngovavanyo olusebenzayo, i-amplitude yokungcangcazela edluliselwa kwiqonga ingancitshiswa ngaphezulu kwama-80%. Kwiworkshop yokwenza iitshiphusi ze-semiconductor, inkqubo ye-photolithography ifuna ukuchaneka kokubeka ukuze ifikelele kwinqanaba le-nanometer, kwaye iqonga lokuhamba lokuhamba lokuhamba lokuhamba lomoya oxinzelelweyo oxhaswa sisiseko segranite linokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwezixhobo ze-chip lithography kwindawo yokungcangcazela entsonkothileyo, ligqibezele ngokuchanekileyo ukukrolwa kwepateni yesekethe, kwaye liphucule kakhulu imveliso yokwenziwa kweetshiphusi.
Uzinzo oluhle lobushushu, ungoyiki utshintsho lobushushu
Ukuguquguquka kobushushu kuya kubangela ukuba izinto ezininzi zande kwaye zinciphe, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela ukuchaneka kwezixhobo. Nangona kunjalo, isiseko segranite sibonisa uzinzo olungaqhelekanga lobushushu, kwaye i-coefficient yayo yokwandiswa kobushushu iphantsi kakhulu, ngokubanzi kwi-5-7 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Kwicandelo le-astronomy, iqonga lokuhamba komoya oxinzelelweyo ohamba ngokungqongqo osetyenziswa ekulungiseni kakuhle iilensi ezinkulu zeteleskopu, kunye nesiseko segranite, nokuba kukho utshintsho olukhulu kumahluko obushushu phakathi kwemini nobusuku, inokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuchaneka kwendawo yelensi kugcinwa kwinqanaba le-sub-micron, inceda izazi ngeenkwenkwezi ukuba zibambe ngokucacileyo utshintsho oluncinci lwezinto ezikude zasezulwini kwaye zihlolisise iimfihlakalo zendalo iphela enzulu.
Ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide
Kwixesha elide leqonga elihambayo lomoya oxinzelelweyo oqinileyo, nangona kukho inkxaso yomoya oxinzelelweyo phakathi kweqonga kunye nesiseko, kusekho inqanaba elithile lokungqubana. Ubunzima begranite buphezulu, ubunzima beMohs bunokufikelela kwi-6-7, kunye nokumelana okuhle kokuguguleka. Kwilabhoratri yesayensi yezinto, iqonga elihambayo lomoya oxinzelelweyo oxinzelelweyo osetyenziswa rhoqo, isiseko salo segranite sinokumelana ngempumelelo nokulahleka kokungqubana kwexesha elide, xa kuthelekiswa nesiseko esiqhelekileyo, sinokwandisa umjikelo wokugcinwa kweqonga ngaphezulu kwe-50%, sinciphise iindleko zokugcinwa kwezixhobo, kwaye siqinisekise ukuqhubeka komsebenzi wophando lwesayensi.
Ukukhethwa kwesiseko segranite seqonga lokuhamba elihamba ngoxinzelelo oluzinzileyo oluhambelana nomgangatho we-static pressure air floating platform yeyona nto iphambili ekufuneni ukuchaneka, ukuzinza kunye nokuqina. Kwimimandla yokuvelisa i-semiconductor, ukuveliswa kwezixhobo ze-optical, i-aerospace, uphando lwesayensi kunye novavanyo, olufuna ukuchaneka okungqongqo, iqonga lokuhamba elihamba ngoxinzelelo oluqinileyo oluhambelana nomgangatho we-static pressure supported by the granite base lidlala indima ebalulekileyo engenakutshintshwa, likhuthaza uphuhliso lwamashishini ahlukeneyo ukuya ekuchanekeni okuphezulu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-09-2025