Ukuqonda uMgaqo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanqanaba e-elektroniki

Kwihlabathi elinzima lokuvelisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye ne-metrology, ukufikelela kulungelelwaniso olugqibeleleyo oluthe tye akunakuxoxiswana ngalo. Amanqanaba ebhamuza yendabuko adla ngokuwa xa kufuneka ukuchaneka kwe-sub-arcsecond. Kulapho i-Electronic Level, isixhobo sokulinganisa esiphambili, iba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo. Inika amandla angenakuthelekiswa nanto okulinganisa ii-engile zemizuzu kunye nokuthambekela ngokuthembeka okugqwesileyo, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuchaneka kwejometri koomatshini kunye nezixhobo ezintsonkothileyo.

I-Fiziksi Enobuchule Engasemva Kwamanqanaba E-elektroniki

Amanqanaba e-elektroniki asebenza ngokuyintloko ngemigaqo emibini ebonakalayo enobuthathaka: umgaqo we-inductance kunye nomgaqo we-capacitance. Ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo lwazo, ezi zixhobo zinokulinganisa ukuthambeka kwimilinganiselo enye (1D) okanye emibini (2D).

Inqanaba le-Inductive Electronic lixhomekeke kutshintsho kwi-magnetic flux. Xa isiseko sesixhobo sithambekile ngenxa yokuthambekela kwesixhobo somsebenzi esilinganiswayo, i-pendulum yangaphakathi okanye ubunzima obunovakalelo butshintsha indawo yaso. Olu tshintsho lubangela utshintsho lwe-voltage oluhambelanayo kwi-induction coil ekufutshane. Ubukhulu bolu tshintsho lwe-voltage buguqulelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-engile yokuthambekela.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-Capacitive Electronic Level isebenzisa utshintsho kwi-capacitance yombane. Embindini wayo kukho i-pendulum ejikelezayo exhonywe ngokukhululekileyo yintambo encinci, esebenza ngempumelelo kwimeko engenangqubano phantsi kwempembelelo yomxhuzulane. Ii-electrode zibekwe kumacala omabini ale pendulum. Xa inqanaba lithe tye ngokugqibeleleyo, umsantsa womoya kumacala omabini uyalingana, nto leyo ebangela amaxabiso afanayo e-capacitance. Xa inqanaba lithambekile, liphenjelelwa yi-workpiece, i-pendulum iyatshintsha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba imigama ye-gap ingalingani. Olu tshintsho kumgama lubangela umahluko olinganisekayo kwi-capacitance, oguqulwa ngokuchanekileyo ube yi-angular measurement.

Izicelo kwiZixhobo zokuLungisa ngokuChaneka okuPhezulu

Inqanaba le-elektroniki libaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuba izixhobo zomatshini ezichanekileyo kakhulu kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa zithe tye kwaye zilungelelaniswe. Ngenxa yobuthathaka baso obugqithisileyo, isixhobo sinokubona ukuphambuka okuncinci okubalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo iyonke. Sisetyenziswa rhoqo ukulinganisa imiphezulu esisiseko yoomatshini abaphambili abanjengee-NC lathes, oomatshini bokugaya, amaziko okusika, kunye neeCoordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs). Isisombululo saso esiphezulu sithetha ukuba, nokuba kuluhlu olulinganiselweyo lokulinganisa—oluhlala lubalwa ukuvumela intshukumo yokwahlulahlula kwezikali ezingama-± 25—isixhobo sinokubonelela ngemilinganiselo echanekileyo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluqinileyo noluthile lokuthambekela, okuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokusetwa komatshini.

Indima ekuQinisekisweni koBumbano: Ipleyiti yoMphezulu oKhutshiweyo

Enye indlela enamandla yokusebenzisa inqanaba le-elektroniki kukuhlola iindawo ezichanekileyo, ezifana negranite ekhutshiweyo okanye iipleyiti zomphezulu wesinyithi. Inqanaba le-elektroniki libonelela ngendlela elula, kodwa echanekileyo, yokuvavanya ukuba umphezulu uthe tyaba kangakanani.

Xa kusetyenziswa inqanaba le-elektroniki ukuhlola ezi baseplates, ingqwalasela ephambili yenkqubo kukumisela ubude obufanelekileyo bespan yebhulorho enxulumeneyo (okanye isixhobo sokulinganisa), esixhomekeke kubungakanani bepleyiti evavanywayo. Okubalulekileyo kukuba, ngexesha lonke lenkqubo yovavanyo, ukuhamba kwale bhulorho kufuneka kudityaniswe ngokungqongqo kwaye kuhambelane. Le ndlela yokuhlola ngononophelo, inyathelo ngenyathelo—apho indawo nganye yokulinganisa elandelayo idibana neyangaphambili—yeyona nto iphambili eqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso lokugqibela elibaliweyo lokuthe tyaba lisondele kakhulu kwi-topography yokwenyani yomphezulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Isiphelo

Utshintsho oluvela kumanqanaba ebhamuza yendabuko ukuya kumanqanaba e-elektroniki aphucukileyo lubonisa inyathelo elibalulekileyo phambili kulawulo lomgangatho kunye ne-metrology. Ngokusebenzisa ifiziksi esisiseko—nokuba kukungeniswa okanye ukukwazi ukusebenza—ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngedatha efunekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulungelelwaniso olusisiseko lwezixhobo ezichanekileyo luhlangabezana nemigangatho echanekileyo. Nakweyiphi na indawo ezinikele ekuchanekeni nasekusemgangathweni wemveliso, ukuqonda nokusebenzisa inqanaba le-elektroniki akusiyo nje indlela engcono yokwenza izinto; yimfuneko esisiseko yokugcina umda wokhuphiswano.