Kwicandelo lezixhobo zokugquma ezibonakalayo, isiseko segranite, njengesixhobo esisisiseko, sidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuzinzo, ukuchaneka kunye nobomi benkonzo yesixhobo. I-China, iYurophu neMelika nganye ineempawu zayo ekusetyenzisweni nasekuphuhlisweni kwetekhnoloji kweziseko zegranite. Eli nqaku liza kuqhuba uhlalutyo oluthelekisayo oluvela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ukuze linike isalathiso esibanzi kubasebenzi boshishino kunye nabalandeli.
I. Ukuthelekiswa kweenkqubo zobugcisa: Nganye ineenzuzo zayo
IYurophu neMelika ziqale kwangethuba kwicandelo lokucubungula isiseko segranite. Ukuqokelelana kwexesha elide kubanike ithuba kwiindlela zokucubungula ezichanekileyo kakhulu. Umzekelo, amashishini aseJamani asebenzise iteknoloji yokugaya i-nanoscale, enokulawula uburhabaxa bomphezulu wegranite ngaphakathi kweRa≤0.1μm kwaye ifikelele kwi-±0.5μm/m, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke kwizixhobo zokugquma ezibonakalayo ezineemfuno ezichanekileyo kakhulu. Abanye abavelisi eMelika banobuchule kwiteknoloji yokucubungula i-composite, bedibanisa igranite nezinto zesinyithi ezikhethekileyo ukuphucula iipropati zoomatshini zesiseko.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iTshayina ibikhula ngokukhawuleza kubuchwepheshe, ingakumbi kwiinkqubo zemveliso ezinkulu kunye nokucubungula okwenziwe ngokwezifiso. Amashishini asekhaya anokugqiba ngokufanelekileyo ukucutshungulwa kweziseko zegranite ezimile okwentsonkothileyo ngokusebenzisa amaziko awo oomatshini bokudibanisa adibeneyo aphuhliswe ngokuzimeleyo. Ngaphezu koko, ngenkqubo yokubeka esweni umgangatho wedatha enkulu, izinga lokufaneleka kwemveliso linokwandiswa liye ngaphezulu kwe-98%. Ngokudibanisa ukuqaliswa kwezixhobo eziphambili zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha ngokuzimeleyo, i-ZHHIMG® ifikelele kumthamo wonyaka wemveliso weziseko zegranite ezingaphezu kwe-10,000 ngelixa iqinisekisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ihlangabezana neemfuno ezinkulu zeemarike zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe.
Okwesibini, ukusebenza kweendleko kunye neendleko: Iimveliso zasekhaya zinezibonelelo ezibalulekileyo
Ngenxa yotyalo-mali olukhulu kuphando lobuchwephesha nophuhliso kunye neendleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi, amaxabiso eziseko zegranite eYurophu naseMelika ngokubanzi aphezulu. Thatha isiseko segranite esichanekileyo kakhulu senkcazo efanayo (1500mm × 1000mm × 200mm) njengomzekelo. Ixabiso leemveliso ezivela eYurophu naseMelika lidla ngokuba phakathi kwe-30,000 kunye ne-50,000 yeedola zaseMelika, ngelixa ixabiso leemveliso ezifanayo eTshayina liyi-20,000 ukuya kwi-40,000 RMB kuphela, nto leyo enenzuzo enkulu yeendleko.
Ngokuphathelele ukusebenza kweendleko, iimveliso ezivela kwilizwe lethu zisebenze kakuhle kakhulu. Amashishini asekhaya anciphise kakhulu iindleko ngokuphucula ulawulo lwekhonkco lokubonelela, efezekisa imveliso edibeneyo ukusuka ekumbiweni kwezinto eziluhlaza zegranite ukuya ekucutshungulweni kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo. Kwangaxeshanye, phantsi kwengcamango yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okusisiseko (njengoxinano lwe-3100kg/m³ kunye namandla oxinzelelo e-≥200MPa), ukukhuphisana kwemveliso kuphucuka ngokuvelisa ubuchwepheshe, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke ngakumbi kumashishini amancinci naphakathi anomngcipheko weendleko kunye neemeko zokuthengwa okukhulu.
Iii. Umahluko kwiSicelo seMarike: Ukujolisa kwiimfuno kumisela iimpawu
Iziseko zegranite zaseYurophu naseMelika zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso eziphezulu, ezifana nezixhobo zokugquma ikhabhinethi yokubonisa ubunewunewu kunye nemigca yokugquma ye-aerospace echanekileyo, njl. Ezi ndawo zineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokuzivumelanisa nokusingqongileyo okugqithisileyo kunye nokuzinza okuchanekileyo kweziseko. Umzekelo, kwizixhobo ezithile zokugquma iiwotshi eziphezulu eSwitzerland, isiseko segranite saseYurophu naseMelika esisetyenzisiweyo kufuneka siphumelele uvavanyo oluqinileyo lokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kunye novavanyo lokujikeleza ngebhayisekile oluphezulu noluphantsi.
Iziseko zegranite kwilizwe lethu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zokugquma ezibonakalayo zabathengi abaninzi ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okubiza kakhulu, njengemigca yokugquma iibhokisi zefowuni kunye nezixhobo zokugquma ifanitshala. Okwangoku, kwimimandla emitsha efana nemarike yezixhobo zokugquma iibhokisi zebhetri zezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, iimveliso zasekhaya nazo zingene ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kunye neenkonzo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi.
Iv. Iindlela zoPhuhliso lweXesha elizayo
IYurophu ne-United States ziya kuqhubeka nokugxila kuphando nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji entsha, zihlolisise ukusetyenziswa okudibeneyo kwegranite kunye nezinto ezintsha, kwaye ziphucule ngakumbi ukusebenza kwesiseko. Ngokusekelwe ekuhlanganiseni iingenelo zayo ezikhoyo, iTshayina yonyuse utyalo-mali kuphando nophuhliso, yakhuthaza ukuqhubela phambili kwamashishini ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu, yaqinisa ukuhambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye yaphucula ukukhuphisana kwayo kwimarike yehlabathi ephezulu. Kwinkqubo yokutshintshiselana ngobuchwephesha kunye nokhuphiswano lwemarike, omabini amacala kulindeleke ukuba akhuthaze kunye uphuhliso olutsha lweziseko zegranite kwicandelo lezixhobo zokugquma ukubonisa.
Nokuba ukhetha iimveliso zesiseko segranite ezivela eTshayina okanye eYurophu naseMelika, amashishini kufuneka acinge ngokubanzi ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zezixhobo zawo, uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa. Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neemveliso zesiseko segranite kunye nezisombululo zobugcisa, nceda uhlale ujonge iindlela ezisetyenziswa kushishino okanye unxibelelane nababoneleli abaziingcali ngeenkonzo ezenzelwe wena.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-10-2025