Amaqonga okulinganisa igranite, njengezixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokujonga uvavanyo oluchanekileyo, aziwa ngobunzima bawo obuphezulu, i-coefficient yokwandisa ubushushu ephantsi, kunye nozinzo oluhle kakhulu lweekhemikhali. Asetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ze-metrology kunye neelebhu. Nangona kunjalo, xa esetyenziswa ixesha elide, la maqonga awakhuselekanga ngokupheleleyo ekuguqukeni, kwaye naziphi na iingxaki zinokuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuthembeka kweziphumo zokulinganisa. Izizathu zokuguqulwa kweqonga legranite ziyinkimbinkimbi, zinxulumene kakhulu nokusingqongileyo kwangaphandle, iindlela zokusetyenziswa, iindlela zokufakela, kunye neempawu zezinto.
Ngokuyintloko, ukuguquguquka kobushushu obuphakathi kunye nokufuma kudla ngokuba negalelo elikhulu ekuguqukeni kweqonga. Nangona i-coefficient yokwandiswa komgca wegranite iphantsi kakhulu, ukwandiswa kunye nokufinyela kobushushu kusenokubangela ukuqhekeka okuncinci okanye ukugoba kwendawo xa ukuguquguquka kobushushu kudlula ±5°C. Amaqonga abekwe kufutshane nemithombo yobushushu okanye abonakaliswe elangeni ixesha elide asengozini enkulu yokuguquka ngenxa yokwahluka kobushushu bendawo. Impembelelo yokufuma nayo ibalulekile. Nangona igranite inesantya esiphantsi sokufunxa amanzi, kwiindawo ezinomswakama ongaphezulu kwama-70%, ukungena komswakama ixesha elide kunokunciphisa ubulukhuni bomphezulu kwaye kubangele nokwandiswa kwendawo, okubeka emngciphekweni uzinzo lweqonga.
Ukongeza kwimiba yokusingqongileyo, ukuthwala umthwalo ngendlela engafanelekanga nako kuyimbangela eqhelekileyo yokuguquka. Amaqonga egranite ayilwe ngomthamo womthwalo olinganisiweyo, ngesiqhelo isinye kwishumi samandla awo oxinzelelo. Ukudlula olu luhlu kunokukhokelela ekutyumzeni kwendawo okanye ekuqhekekeni kweenkozo, ekugqibeleni kubangele ukuba iqonga lilahlekelwe kukuchaneka kwalo kokuqala. Ngaphezu koko, ukubekwa okungalinganiyo kweendawo zokusebenza kunokubangela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kwikona okanye kwindawo, okukhokelela ekuxinaniseni uxinzelelo kwaye, ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuguqulwa kwendawo.
Iindlela zokufakela kunye nokuxhasa iqonga nazo zichaphazela ukuzinza kwalo ixesha elide. Ukuba inkxaso ngokwayo ayilingani okanye iindawo zokuxhasa zilayishwe ngokungalinganiyo, iqonga liya kufumana imithwalo engalinganiyo ngokuhamba kwexesha, nto leyo enokubangela ukuguquguquka. Inkxaso enamachaphaza amathathu yindlela efanelekileyo kumaqonga amancinci naphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, kumaqonga amakhulu anobunzima obungaphezu kwetoni enye, ukusebenzisa inkxaso enamachaphaza amathathu kunokubangela ukuba embindini weqonga kutshone ngenxa yesithuba esikhulu phakathi kwamanqaku okuxhasa. Ke ngoko, amaqonga amakhulu adla ngokufuna izakhiwo ezininzi okanye ezidadayo zenkxaso ukuze asasaze uxinzelelo.
Ngaphezu koko, nangona i-granite iguga ngokwendalo, ukukhululwa koxinzelelo olushiyekileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha kunokubangela ukuguquka okuncinci. Ukuba kukho izinto ezine-asidi okanye i-alkaline kwindawo yokusebenza, ulwakhiwo lwezinto lunokubola ngokweekhemikhali, nto leyo enciphisa ubulukhuni bomphezulu kwaye ichaphazele ngakumbi ukuchaneka kweqonga.
Ukuthintela nokunciphisa ezi ngxaki, kufuneka kusetyenziswe amanyathelo amaninzi okuthintela. Indawo yokusebenza efanelekileyo kufuneka igcine ubushushu obuyi-20±2°C kunye nenqanaba lokufuma eliyi-40%-60%, kuthintelwe ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kunye nemithombo yobushushu. Ngexesha lokufakela, sebenzisa iibrakethi zokwahlulahlula ukungcangcazela okanye ii-raber pads, kwaye uqinisekise ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukulingana usebenzisa i-level okanye i-electronic tester. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla, umthamo womthwalo olinganisiweyo kufuneka ulandelwe ngokungqongqo. Izinto zokusebenza kufuneka zigcinwe ngaphakathi kwe-80% yomthwalo ophezulu, kwaye kufuneka zibekwe zisasazeke kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze kuthintelwe uxinzelelo lwendawo. Kwiiplatifomu ezinkulu, ukusebenzisa isakhiwo senkxaso esinamanqaku amaninzi kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuguquka ngenxa yobunzima obungapheliyo.
Ukuchaneka kwamaqonga egranite kufuna uhlolo nokugcinwa rhoqo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uhlolo lokuthamba rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ukuba impazamo idlula ukunyamezela okuqhelekileyo, iqonga kufuneka libuyiselwe kumzi-mveliso ukuze liphinde ligaywe okanye lilungiswe. Imikrwelo emincinci okanye imingxuma kumphezulu weqonga ingalungiswa nge-diamond abrasive paste ukubuyisela uburhabaxa bomphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukuguquguquka kukhulu kwaye kunzima ukulungisa, iqonga kufuneka litshintshwe ngokukhawuleza. Xa lingasetyenziswa, kungcono ukugubungela iqonga ngeshiti engangeni luthuli ukuthintela ukuqokelelana kothuli kwaye uligcine kwindawo eyomileyo, enomoya. Ngexesha lokuthuthwa, sebenzisa ibhokisi yokhuni kunye nezinto zokuthambisa ukuthintela ukungcangcazela kunye nokugquma.
Ngokubanzi, nangona amaqonga okulinganisa i-granite enika iipropati ezibonakalayo ezintle, awachaphazeleki ngokupheleleyo kukuguquguquka. Ngolawulo olufanelekileyo lokusingqongileyo, inkxaso efanelekileyo yokufakela, ulawulo olungqongqo lomthwalo, kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo, umngcipheko wokuguquguquka unokuncipha kakhulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka okuqhubekayo kunye nozinzo xa kusetyenziswa ixesha elide, ukubonelela ngenkxaso ethembekileyo yokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Septemba-10-2025