Kwihlabathi lobunjineli obuchanekileyo—nokuba wakha ii-micro-molds zezixhobo zonyango, ukulungelelanisa izinto ezibonakalayo, okanye ukuqinisekisa izixhobo ze-aerospace ezinganyamezeliyo—umda wempazamo mncinane kakhulu. Sekunjalo iingcali ezininzi aziyinaki into elula kodwa ebalulekileyo enokuthi iphazamise kancinci neyona ndlela yokusebenza iphambili: umphezulu wesalathiso abawusebenzisa yonke imihla. Akusoloko kumalunga nobunzima bezixhobo zakho; ngamanye amaxesha, kumalunga nokuzinza okungaphantsi kwazo. Kwaye xa indawo incinci okanye imisebenzi ibuthathaka, ipleyiti yomphezulu omncinci efanelekileyo inokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
Nangona iitafile zokuhlolwa kwegranite ezinkulu zilawula iilebhu zemetrology, iivenkile ezincinci, amasebe e-R&D, kunye namaqela enkonzo yasentsimini axhomekeke kakhulu kumaqonga egranite amancinci nakumgangatho ophezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka apho indawo yebhentshi ixinene kwaye ukuthwaleka kubalulekile. Ezi azizozixhobo "ezincinci"—zizisombululo ezakhelwe injongo eyenzelwe ukubonelela ngokuthembeka okufanayo kwezinto kunye nokusebenza okuthe tyaba njengee-counterparts zazo ezinkulu, ezilinganiselweyo kuphela kwizicelo ezigxile kuzo. Zidityaniswe nezithembekileyoizixhobo zokulinganisa zegranite—ezifana neegeyiji zokuphakama, izalathisi zedayile, iibhloko zegeyiji, kunye nezikwere ezichanekileyo—ipleyiti encinci yomphezulu iba yiseli yemetrology ephathekayo, evumela ukulinganiswa okulandelekayo naphi na ukusuka kumgangatho wemveliso ukuya kwibhentshi yegumbi lokucoca.
Kodwa nantsi into ebalulekileyo: ubungakanani abukukhululi kuxanduva lokulinganisa. Njengeenkqubo ezinkulu, ezi ngxelo zincinci zifuna ukulinganiswa kwetafile yomphezulu rhoqo ukuze zihlale zithembekile. Ukuphambuka kwee-microns ezi-5 kuphela kwipleyiti ye-200 x 300 mm kunokubonakala kungathandeki—de ulinganise ukunyamezelana kwe-0.01 mm kwi-nozzle ye-fuel injector okanye ukulungelelanisa i-semiconductor wafer handler. Kwelo zinga, nokuba yi-microscopic warpage okanye ukuguguleka kwendawo ethile kunokungena kwiingxelo ezingezizo, ukulungiswa kwakhona, okanye ukungahambelani okungabonakaliyo. Yiyo loo nto abavelisi abaphambili bephatha yonke ireferensi ye-granite—kungakhathaliseki ubungakanani—njengento elungisiweyo, kungekuphela nje ilitye elilula.
Isayensi engasemva kolu kuthembeka ikwiimpawu zegranite emnyama ye-metrology-grade ngokwayo. Ngokungafaniyo nentsimbi ephosiweyo okanye intsimbi, ekhula ngokutshintsha kobushushu kwaye igugule ngokuhamba kwexesha, igranite inika uzinzo olukhethekileyo lobukhulu. I-coefficient yayo ephantsi yokwandiswa kobushushu (ngesiqhelo yi-6–8 µm/m·°C), uxinano oluphezulu (~2.97 g/cm³), kunye neempawu zendalo zokungcangcazela zenza ukuba ilungele umsebenzi ochanekileyo. Xa idibene ngokufanelekileyo kwiBanga 0 okanye kwiBanga 00 flatness ngokwemigangatho ye-ISO 8512-2 okanye ye-ASME B89.3.7, ipleyiti encinci yomphezulu inika umgangatho wejiyometri oqinisekileyo ohlala uhambelana kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zeworkshop.
Oku kuvumelana yikona okuvumela ukuba ngokuchanekileyoitafile yegraniteiinkqubo zokulinganisa. Nokuba usonga iibhloko ze-gage ukuze usete i-height master, ujonga ubume besikwere nge-precision angle plate, okanye usebenzisa i-lever-type dial indicator ukuqinisekisa i-runout, lonke uthotho lokulinganisa luthatha ukuba umphezulu wesiseko ugqibelele. Ukuba akunjalo, yonke i-reading ifumana loo mpazamo—ngokuzolileyo nangokungabonakaliyo. Yiyo loo nto iinkqubo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zingabi nazo nje iindawo ze-granite; zibhala imbali yazo yokulinganisa, zilawula indawo ezikuyo, kwaye ziwayeke kuphela xa uhlengahlengiso luqinisekisa ukuba zidlule ngaphaya kwemida eyamkelekileyo.
Apha e-ZHHIMG, sisebenze nabathengi abaqale bayityeshela imfuneko yepleyiti encinci yomphezulu eqinisekisiweyo, becinga ukuba ibhentshi yabo yoomatshini okanye isiqwenga segranite esilahliweyo sanele. Omnye umenzi wezixhobo ze-elektroniki eJamani wafumanisa ukuba ukulinganiswa kwe-probe tip okungahambelaniyo kwalandelwa kwisiseko se-aluminium esigobileyo ababesisebenzisa iminyaka. Emva kokutshintshela kwipleyiti encinci yomphezulu ye-300 x 450 mm yeBakala 0 enesiqinisekiso esipheleleyo sokulinganisa, ukuphindaphinda kwabo kuphucuke ngaphezulu kwama-60%. Izixhobo zabo azitshintshanga—kodwa isiseko sabo sitshintshile.
Okubaluleke ngokufanayo yindlela ezi pleyiti zincinci ezidibana ngayo nezixhobo zokulinganisa igranite zanamhlanje. Iigeyiji zokuphakama zedijithali, ii-optical comparators, kunye neengalo zeCMM eziphathekayo zihlala zifuna ireferensi ezinzileyo, ethe tyaba yokuseta okanye yokuqinisekisa. Ipleyiti encinci esemgangathweni ophezulu isebenza njenge-ankile, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulungelelwaniso aluchaphazeleki ngumphezulu ongalinganiyo okanye ongagungqiyo kubushushu. Kwiingcali zasentsimini ezenza ukulungiswa okanye ukulinganiswa kwindawo, ipleyiti yegranite ephathekayo iba ngumgangatho oshukumayo—ukuzisa ukuzithemba kwinqanaba lelebhu kwiindawo ezikude.
Kwaye ngokuchaseneyo nenkolelo eqhelekileyo, i-granite ayibuthathaka xa isetyenziswa. Nangona inokuqhekeka xa ibethelwa ngqo ngentsimbi eqinileyo, ayimelani kakhulu nokuguguleka kwemihla ngemihla. Ayigqwali, ayifuni ioyile, kwaye ayizukujika ifudumale. Ngononophelo olusisiseko—ukucoca rhoqo nge-isopropyl alcohol, ukuphepha ukubetheka okukhulu, nokuyigcina ithe tyaba—inganikezela ngenkonzo ethembekileyo yamashumi eminyaka. Ii-mini plates ezininzi esizibonileyo zisebenza ukususela kwiminyaka yoo-2000 zisahlangabezana neenkcukacha zazo zokuqala zokuthamba, ngenxa yokuphathwa kakuhle kunye nokulungiswa kwetafile yomphezulu okucwangcisiweyo.
Xa ukhetha ipleyiti yomphezulu omncinci, jonga ngaphaya kobukhulu. Qinisekisa umgangatho wokuthe tyaba ngesiqinisekiso sokwenyani—hayi amabango okuthengisa. Qinisekisa ukuba igranite ithambile, ikhululekile kuxinzelelo, kwaye ayinazimfanta okanye imivimbo ye-quartz enokuchaphazela uzinzo. Ababoneleli abadumileyo banikezela ngamaxwebhu apheleleyo, kubandakanya imephu yokuthe tyaba ebonisa ukuphambuka ukusuka kwincochoyi ukuya kwintlambo kumphezulu. Kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo, cinga ngeepleyiti ezineenombolo ze-serial kunye nezatifikethi zokulinganisa ezinokulandeleka ze-NIST ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zophicotho lwe-ISO 9001 okanye ze-AS9100.
Kwi-ZHHIMG, sikholelwa ukuba ukuchaneka akufanele kugcinelwe iilabhoratri ezinkulu ezinesithuba esingenamkhawulo. Yiyo loo nto sinikezela ngoluhlu lwezisombululo zeplati encinci yomphezulu ezikhethwe ngabanye—nganye ivavanyiwe ngokwahlukeneyo, icwangciswe ngokwe-serial, kwaye iqinisekiswe ngokwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe. Sisebenzisana neeworkshops eziphambili ezidibanisa iindlela zendabuko zokuleqa ngesandla kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwanamhlanje kwe-interferometric, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iplati nganye iyahlangabezana nomgangatho wayo ochaziweyo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba siqonda ukuba ukulinganiswa kuyaqhubeka, sinikezela ngesikhokelo malunga namaxesha okulinganisa kwakhona kunye neenkonzo zenkxaso ukugcina iindawo zakho zokubhekisa zithembekile kwiminyaka ezayo.
Kuba ekugqibeleni, i-metrology ayisiyonto ibalulekileyo—imalunga nenyaniso. Nokuba ulinganisa i-turbine blade okanye i-micro-gear, idatha yakho iyinyani kuphela njengomphezulu owakhelwe phezu kwawo. Musa ukuvumela ukuba kube lula ukunciphisa ukuzithemba. Ipleyiti encinci yomphezulu egcinwe kakuhle, esetyenziswa nezixhobo zokulinganisa i-granite ezilinganisiweyo kwaye ixhaswa yi-surface table calibration eqhelekileyo, ayisiyonto ibalulekileyo—yisiseko somlinganiselo othembekileyo.
Ngoko ke zibuze: xa uthatha eyona nto uyifundileyo namhlanje, uyazi ukuba umphezulu wakho uthe tyaba ngokwenene—okanye uyaqikelela? Apha kwi-ZHHIMG, sikunceda utshintshe amathandabuzo ngokuqiniseka—i-micron enye ngexesha.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-09-2025