Umbala weGranite kunye nokukhethwa kwamatye kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo zoshishino.

Kwimimandla yokwakha kunye nezoshishino, i-granite isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yobunzima bayo, ukuxinana, ukuxhathisa i-asidi kunye ne-alkali, kunye nokumelana nemozulu. Oku kulandelayo kuhlalutyo olucacileyo kuwe malunga nokuba umbala wegranite uchaphazela ukuxinana kwawo kunye nendlela yokukhetha i-granite ezinzileyo kwintsimi yezixhobo ezichanekileyo zoshishino.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kombala kunye nokuxinana kwegranite
I-Granite ikakhulu iqulunqwe ngamaminerali afana ne-quartz, i-feldspar kunye ne-mica, kwaye umbala wayo uxhomekeke kwiindidi kunye nobuninzi bamacandelo aqulethwe kuwo. Ukususela kumbono woxinaniso, kukho uxhulumaniso oluthile phakathi kombala kunye nokuxinana, kodwa akusiyo i-causal relationship ngqo.

 

Umahluko wokwakheka kweeminerali: Umbala okhanyayo gI-ranite, efana ne-grayish-white kunye nenyama-bomvu, ihlala ityebile kwi-quartz kunye ne-feldspar. Ezi zimbiwa zimbini zineengxinano eziphakamileyo nezizinzileyo. Ubuninzi bequartz busuka kwi-2.6 ukuya kwi-2.7g/cm³, ngelixa i-feldspar ishiyana ukusuka kwi-2.5 ukuya kwi-2.8g/cm³ ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo. Ubuninzi bezimbiwa ezinjalo bukhokelela ekunyukeni komgangatho wokuxinana okupheleleyo kwegranite enombala okhanyayo. Igranite emnyama, enjengomnyama kunye nohlaza, ihlala inexabiso eliphezulu lentsimbi kunye neeminerali ze-magnesium kunye neeminerali ezimnyama njenge-amphibole kunye ne-biotite. Ubuninzi be-amphibole bumalunga ne-3.0-3.4g /cm³, kwaye i-biotite imalunga ne-2.7-3.1g /cm³. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-granite emnyama iqulethe izinto zetsimbi ezinzima (ezifana nentsimbi kunye ne-manganese), ubuninzi bayo buya kwanda.

 

Iqondo le-crystallization kunye nefuthe lolwakhiwo: Umbala ngamanye amaxesha ungabonisa umahluko kwiqondo le-crystallization kunye nesakhiwo segranite. I-Granite enezinga eliphezulu le-crystallization kunye nesakhiwo esixineneyo sinombala ofanayo kunye nozinzile, kwaye ubuninzi bayo buphezulu kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba amasuntswana amaminerali acwangciswe ngokusondeleyo kwaye anobunzima obukhulu kwiyunithi nganye. Igranite enekristale engalunganga kunye nokwakheka okuxekethileyo inokuba nemibala enamabala kwaye engalinganiyo, i-voids eninzi yangaphakathi, kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi.
Ukukhethwa kweGranite kwintsimi yezixhobo ezichanekileyo zoshishino
Kwintsimi yezixhobo ezichanekileyo kwimizi-mveliso, iimfuno zozinzo zegranite ziphezulu kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, igranite efanelekileyo ikhethwa ngokuqwalasela ngokubanzi izinto ezininzi:

Ukubunjwa kwamaminerali kunye nesakhiwo: I-Granite enomxholo ophezulu kunye nokusabalalisa okufanayo kwe-quartz kunye ne-feldspar ikhethwayo. Olu hlobo lwegranite lunesakhiwo sangaphakathi esizinzile, esinokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuguqulwa okubangelwa utshintsho kwixinzelelo lwangaphakathi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwexesha elide kwezixhobo. Okwangoku, i-granite enezinga eliphezulu le-crystallization, i-fine and uniform particles, kunye nesakhiwo esixineneyo yinto ekhethiweyo. Ngethuba lokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwesicelo, kunokugcina ngcono ukuchaneka kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yeenguqu zayo zesakhiwo ekuchanekeni kwezixhobo.

Izibonakaliso zokusebenza ngokomzimba: I-Granite iyadingeka ukuba ibe nesantya esisezantsi sokufunxa amanzi, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphantsi kwe-0.5%, ukukhusela iingxaki ezifana nokwandiswa komthamo kunye nokunciphisa amandla okubangelwa ukufunxa kwamanzi, okunokuthi kuthintele ukuchaneka kwesixhobo. I-coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-thermal kufuneka ibe phantsi. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-8×10⁻⁶/℃ ukunciphisa utshintsho lwe-dimensional olubangelwa ukuhluka kobushushu. Ukongeza, amandla oxinzelelo kufuneka abe phezulu, ngokubanzi ngaphezulu kwe-150MPa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokumelana nemikhosi eyahlukeneyo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo.
Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ezicetyiswayo: IJinan Green Granite, i-Indian Black, iSouth African Black kunye nezinye i-granite emnyama, ezinombala omnyama ubukhulu becala, ezixineneyo kwisakhiwo, zine-coefficient ephantsi yokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kakuhle, kwaye zifanelekile kwiziseko zezixhobo zokuhlola ukukhanya kunye neemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokuchaneka nokuzinza. I-granite emhlophe yeSesame, enombala okhanyayo, amasuntswana amaminerali afanayo, kunye nobunzima obuphezulu kunye namandla, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zokuvelisa i-chip electronic kwaye inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokubeka okuphezulu ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokusebenza okuzinzile kwexesha elide lesixhobo.

Ukuqukumbela, nangona kukho ulungelelwaniso oluthile phakathi kombala kunye nokuxinana kwegranite, xa ukhetha igranite kwinkalo yezixhobo ezichanekileyo kwimizi-mveliso, kuyimfuneko ukuba kuqwalaselwe ngokubanzi imiba emininzi efana nokubunjwa kwezimbiwa, ubume, kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuzinza kwesixhobo.