Kwinqanaba lokwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo, i-granite, ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezikhethekileyo ezinikezelwe lutshintsho lwejoloji kumakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka, iye yaguquka ukusuka kwilitye lendalo elingenakulinganiswa libe "sisixhobo esichanekileyo" soshishino lwanamhlanje. Kule mihla, imimandla yesicelo sokwenziwa kwegranite echanekileyo ihlala isanda, kwaye idlala indima engenakuphinda ithathelwe indawo kumashishini ahlukeneyo aphambili ngomsebenzi wayo obalaseleyo.
I. I-Semiconductor Manufacturing: Ukwakha "iNqaba eQinisekileyo" yoKuchaneka kweChip
Kwishishini le-semiconductor, ukuchaneka kokuveliswa kweechips kuye kwafikelela kwinqanaba le-nanometer, kwaye iimfuno zozinzo kunye nokuchaneka kwezixhobo zokuvelisa zingqongqo kakhulu. Iimveliso ezenziwe ngokuchanekileyo kwigranite ziye zaba zezona zinto ziphambili kwizixhobo zokwenziwa kwesemiconductor. Njengoko "intliziyo" yokwenziwa kwetshiphu, umatshini welithography uneemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zozinzo lweqonga lokubeka i-nano-scale kwisiseko. I-Granite ine-coefficient ephantsi kakhulu yokwandiswa kwe-thermal, malunga ne-4.61 × 10⁻⁶/℃, enokuthi ixhathise ngokufanelekileyo ukuguquguquka okuncinci kwiqondo lokushisa lokusingqongileyo ngexesha lenkqubo ye-photolithography. Nangona iqondo lokushisa kwi-workshop yemveliso litshintsha nge-1 ℃, i-deformation yesiseko se-granite ayinanto, iqinisekisa ukuba i-laser yomatshini we-photolithography inokujoliswa ngokuchanekileyo ukukrola iipatheni zesekethe ezintle kwi-wafer.
Kwinqanaba lokuhlola i-wafer, imodyuli yereferensi eyenziwe ngegranite nayo iyafuneka. Kwanesona siphene sincinci kumphezulu we-wafer sinokukhokelela ekwehleni kokusebenza kwetshiphu. Nangona kunjalo, imodyuli yereferensi yegranite, kunye nomgangatho wayo ophezulu kakhulu kunye nozinzo, ibonelela ngomgangatho ochanekileyo wereferensi yezixhobo zokuhlola. Iqonga legranite elenziwe ngetekhnoloji yokudibanisa i-nano-grinding ye-axis emihlanu inokufikelela kwi-flatness ye-≤1μm/㎡, eyenza isixhobo sokufumanisa sibambe ngokuchanekileyo iziphene zemizuzu kumphezulu we-wafer kunye nokuqinisekisa isivuno seetshiphusi.
Ii. I-Aerospace: "Iqabane elithembekileyo" leeNqwelo-moya ezikhatshwayo
Indawo ye-aerospace ineemfuno ezingqongqo kakhulu zokuthembeka kunye nokuchaneka kwezixhobo. Iimveliso zokwenziwa kwegranite ezichanekileyo zidlale indima ebalulekileyo kwiibhentshi zovavanyo lokuhamba ngesathelayithi kunye nokulungiswa kwecandelo lokuhlola isiphekepheke. Iisathelayithi zisebenza emajukujukwini kwaye zifuna ukuthembela kwiinkqubo ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo zokukhangela i-inertial ukumisela izikhundla kunye nezimo zabo zengqondo. Ibhentshi yokuvavanya i-inertial navigation eyenziwe ngegranite, kunye nobunzima bayo obuphezulu kunye namandla, inokumelana novavanyo oluqinileyo kwiindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi zomatshini. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvavanya ukulinganisa amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo kunye nokungcangcazela okukhulu kwisithuba, ibhentshi yovavanyo lwegranite yahlala izinzile kulo lonke, inika isiseko esiluqilima solungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo yokuhambisa i-inertial.
Izixhobo zokuhlola i-Granite nazo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhloleni amacandelo e-spacecraft. Ukuchaneka komda kwezixhobo zesiphekepheke kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza ngokubanzi kunye nokhuseleko lwesiphekepheke. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuzinza kwendawo yokuhlola i-granite kunokuqinisekisa ukufunyanwa ngokuchanekileyo kobungakanani kunye nokuma kwamacandelo. Isakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi esixineneyo kunye nezinto ezifanayo zithintela iimpazamo zokubona ezibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwesixhobo ngokwaso, ukuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa okugudileyo kunye nokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwesiphekepheke.
Iii. UPhando lwezoNyango: "Ilitye lekona elizinzileyo" le-Precision Medicine
Kwinkalo yophando lwezonyango, izixhobo zonyango ezinkulu ezifana ne-CT kunye ne-MRI zineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokuzinza kwesiseko. Xa izigulane zivavanywa ngokuskena, nokuba ukungcangcazela okuncinci kwesixhobo kunokuchaphazela ukucaca kunye nokuchaneka kwemifanekiso. Isiseko sesixhobo esenziwe ngokuchanekileyo ngegranite, kunye nokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kwe-vibration, kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuphazamiseka kokungcangcazela okwenziwa ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo. Ukungqubuzana obuthathaka phakathi kweengqungquthela zamaminerali ngaphakathi kusebenza njenge-absorber shock yendalo, ukuguqula amandla okunyakaza okwenziwa ngexesha lokusebenza kwesixhobo kumandla okushisa kunye nokuwachitha, ngaloo ndlela kugcina izixhobo ezizinzileyo ngexesha lokusebenza.
Kwintsimi yokufumanisa i-biological, isigaba se-granite sibonelela ngenkxaso ezinzileyo yokufunyanwa kweesampuli zovavanyo. Ukufunyanwa kweesampulu zebhayoloji kaninzi kufuneka kuqhutywe phantsi kwezixhobo ezichanekileyo, kwaye iimfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zibekwe kwi-flatness kunye nokuzinza kweqonga. I-high-precision surface ye-granite stage inokuqinisekisa ukuba isampuli ihlala kwindawo echanekileyo ngexesha lokukhangela, ukuphepha ukuphambuka kwiziphumo zokufumanisa okubangelwa ukungalingani okanye ukugubha kweqonga, ukubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha ethembekileyo yophando lwezonyango kunye nokuxilongwa kwezifo.
Iv. Ukwenziwa ngobukrelekrele: "Isixhobo esiyimfihlo" sokuphucula ukuchaneka kokuzenzekela.
Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwemveliso ekrelekrele, iirobhothi zemizi-mveliso kunye neenkqubo zokuhlola ezizenzekelayo zineemfuno eziphezulu zokuchaneka. Isiseko solungelelwaniso esenziwe ngokuchanekileyo kwigranite siye saba sisitshixo sokuchaneka kokulinganisa iirobhothi zamashishini. Emva kokusebenza kwexesha elide, ukuchaneka kokumiswa kwengalo yomatshini yeerobhothi zamashishini kuya kuphambuka, kuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso. Isiseko solungelelwaniso lwegranite, ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kakhulu kunye nokuzinza, sibonelela ngereferensi echanekileyo yokulinganisa iirobhothi. Ngokuthelekisa kunye nesiseko sokulinganisa i-granite, ochwephesha banokubona ngokukhawuleza impazamo echanekileyo yerobhothi kwaye benze uhlengahlengiso oluchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-robot inokugqiba imisebenzi yokuvelisa ngokuchanekileyo ngokwenkqubo yokusetwa kwangaphambili.
Kwinkqubo yokuhlola ngokuzenzekelayo, amacandelo e-granite nawo adlala indima ebalulekileyo. Izixhobo zokuhlola ezizenzekelayo kufuneka zenze uhlolo olukhawulezayo noluchanekileyo kwiimveliso, ezifuna ukuba zonke iinxalenye zezixhobo zibe nokuzinza okuphezulu kakhulu. Ukongezwa kwamacandelo e-granite kuye kwaphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo yokuhlola ezenzekelayo, eyenza ukuba igcine uzinzo ngexesha lokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu, ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo iziphene zemveliso kunye neempazamo, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokulawula umgangatho weemveliso.
Ukusuka kwimveliso ye-micro semiconductor chip ukuya kwindawo enkulu ye-aerospace, kwaye emva koko ukuya kuphando lwezonyango olunxulumene nempilo yabantu kunye nokuveliswa okukrelekrele okukhulayo, ukwenziwa kwegranite ngokuchanekileyo kukhanya ngokuqaqambileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngomtsalane wawo okhethekileyo kunye nokusebenza okubalaseleyo. Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe, imimandla yokusetyenziswa kokwenziwa kwegranite echanekileyo iya kuqhubeka ukwanda, ibe negalelo elingakumbi ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu kushishino lwemveliso yehlabathi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-19-2025