Kwintsimi yokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo, ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokulinganisa umgangatho ophezulu kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuchaneka kokuveliswa kwemveliso kunye novavanyo lwebhubhoratri. Njengesixhobo esisisiseko sokubonwa kwe-perpendicularity, irula yesikwere segranite ibe yinxalenye eyimfuneko yokwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwayo okugqwesileyo kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu. Eli nqaku liza kuchaza ngokubanzi inkcazo yalo, ukusetyenziswa, iimpawu eziphathekayo kunye neemeko zesicelo, ukunceda abavelisi bokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo baqonde ngokupheleleyo esi sixhobo esibalulekileyo.
1. Yintoni iGranite Square Rule?
Igranite yesikwere irula, ekwaziwa njengerula ye-engile yasekunene yegranite okanye isikhokelo esichanekileyo seengile ekunene kwezinye iimeko zoshishino, sisixhobo sokulinganisa esichanekileyo esiyilelwe ngokukodwa ukubona iperpendicularity yezinto zokusebenza kunye nendawo ethe nkqo phakathi kwezixhobo. Ukongeza kumsebenzi wayo ophambili wokubonwa kwe-perpendicularity, ikwasebenza njengesixhobo esithembekileyo sokumakisha kunye nokubeka indawo ngexesha lenkqubo yomatshini.
Ukwakhiwa kwezimbiwa eziphambili zomlawuli wesikwere segranite kubandakanya i-pyroxene, i-plagioclase, inani elincinci le-olivine, i-biotite kunye ne-micro-magnetite, enika uphawu lwenkangeleko emnyama eshinyeneyo kunye nolwakhiwo lwangaphakathi olungqongqo. Yintoni eyenza le nto ibonakale kukuba idlule amakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka yokuguga kwendalo kunye nekristali. Le nkqubo yendalo yexesha elide iqinisekisa ukuba i-granite inokwakheka okufanayo ngokugqithisileyo, ukuzinza okugqwesileyo komgangatho, amandla omatshini aphezulu kunye nobunzima obuphezulu bomphezulu. Naphantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezinomthwalo ophezulu kwiindawo zoshishino, isenokugcina ukuchaneka kwayo kwasekuqaleni ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okucacileyo, okwenza ukuba isebenze ngokubanzi kwiindawo zombini zokuvelisa i-industrial kunye ne-high-chane-chane ye-labhoratri yokulinganisa iimeko.
2. Ziziphi iziSetyenziso zeGranite Square Rulers?
Iirula zesikwere segranite zizixhobo ezichanekileyo ezisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumakhonkco amaninzi oshishino lokwenziwa oluchanekileyo, ngezi zicelo ziphambili zilandelayo:
- Ukufunyanwa kunye ne-Metrology: Njengereferensi esemgangathweni yokukhangela i-perpendicularity, isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwe-perpendicularity yamacandelo aphambili ezixhobo zoomatshini, izixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza ezichanekileyo. Iyakwazi ukuchonga ngokufanelekileyo ukutenxa kwicala elithe nkqo, iqinisekisa ukuba iindawo ezicwangcisiweyo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zokuchaneka koyilo.
- Ukumakisha nokubeka: Kwinkqubo yomatshini kunye nendibano, inika ireferensi echanekileyo ye-engile echanekileyo yokumakisha imigca kunye neendawo zokusebenza zokubeka. Oku kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuhambelana kwesikhundla somatshini wecandelo ngalinye, ukunciphisa iimpazamo ezibangelwa ukumisa okungalunganga.
- Ukufakela izixhobo kunye noLwakhiwo lobuNjineli boShishino: Ngexesha lofakelo lwezixhobo zomatshini ezichanekileyo, imigca yokuvelisa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nezinye izixhobo, isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ukunyaniseka kwesiseko sezixhobo kunye namacandelo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwezixhobo kunye nokuphucula ukuchaneka kwemveliso jikelele. Kwiiprojekthi zobunjineli bezoshishino ezifuna i-perpendicularity ephezulu, njengokufakwa kwezakhelo zoomatshini kunye nemibhobho echanekileyo, ikwasebenza njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokufumanisa kunye nokulungelelanisa.
Kwishishini loomatshini, yamkelwa njengesixhobo sokulinganisa esibalulekileyo sokufumanisa i-perpendicularity, ukufakwa, ukubeka indawo yomatshini kunye nokumakishwa kwezixhobo zoomatshini, izixhobo zoomatshini kunye namalungu azo. Xa kuthelekiswa nabalawuli bentsimbi yesiqhelo yentsimbi, iirula zesikwere segranite zineengenelo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokuchaneka okuphezulu, uzinzo olungcono lwexesha elide, kunye nokugcinwa lula. Akukho mfuneko yonyango oluqhelekileyo lokulwa nomhlwa, kwaye umphezulu akulula ukuwunxiba, okunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokugcina kamva.
3. Yintoni iMathiriyeli yeGranite Square Rulers?
Izinto eziphathekayo zabalawuli be-square ye-granite ezikumgangatho ophezulu zikhethwa ngokukodwa kwi-granite yendalo ye-high-grade, phakathi kwayo i-granite eyaziwayo "i-Jinan Green" (uluhlu lwegranite ye-premium evela eJinan, e-China, eyaziwayo ngeempawu zayo ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo) yinto ekhethiweyo ekrwada. Emva kokukhethwa kwezinto ezingqongqo, i-granite ithatha uchungechunge lweenkqubo zokucutshungulwa kobuchule, kubandakanywa ukusika oomatshini, ukugaya kunye nokupholisa ngesandla, ukwenza imveliso yokugqibela yomlawuli wesikwere segranite.
Isixhobo sinezi mpawu zilandelayo ezibalaseleyo:
- Ukubunjwa kweMinerali egqwesileyo: Iiminerali eziphambili ziyi-pyroxene kunye ne-plagioclase, ezongezwa ngumlinganiselo omncinci we-olivine, i-biotite kunye ne-micro-magnetite. Olu qulunqo lubumba isakhiwo sangaphakathi esixineneyo nesifanayo, esisisiseko sobunzima bayo obuphezulu kunye nokuzinza.
- Izinto eziluncedo zokuguga ngokwendalo: Emva kwamakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka yendalo yendalo, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwegranite lukhululwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukuthungwa kuye kwafana kakhulu. Oku kuphelisa umngcipheko wokuguqulwa kwangaphakathi okubangelwa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwexesha elide lemveliso.
- IiPropati eziPhakamileyo zoMzimba: Unamandla omatshini aphezulu kunye nobunzima bomhlaba (ngokuqhelekileyo ufikelela kwinqanaba lobulukhuni be-Mohs 6-7), onokuxhathisa impembelelo kunye nokugqoka kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa. Ngexesha elifanayo, linozinzo olufanelekileyo lweqondo lokushisa, kwaye i-coefficient yokwandisa i-thermal iphantsi kakhulu kunezinto zetsimbi, ngoko ke ukuchaneka akuchaphazeli ngokulula ukutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa.
- Okugqwesileyo kokumelana ne-Corrosion kunye ne-Non-Magnetization: Izinto eziphathekayo ziyakwazi ukumelana nomhlwa, i-asidi kunye ne-alkali corrosion, kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezilukhuni zemizi-mveliso ezifana neeworkshops ezinomoya othile wekhemikhali ngaphandle kokugqwala. Ukongeza, ayisiyiyo imagnetic, ethintela ukuphazamiseka kwamandla kazibuthe kumlinganiso ochanekileyo, iyenze ifaneleke ngakumbi ukuchongwa kwezixhobo zokusebenza ezinobuthathaka bemagneti kunye nezixhobo ezichanekileyo.
4. Ziziphi iimeko zeSicelo seGranite Square Rulers?
Iirula zesikwere seGranite zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ezifuna umlinganiselo ophezulu wokuchaneka kwe-perpendicularity kunye nereferensi, kwaye iimeko zabo zokusetyenziswa zihambelana ngokusondeleyo nemigangatho kunye neemfuno zangempela zeshishini lokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo:
- Ukuthotyelwa kweMigangatho echanekileyo: Ihambelana ngokungqongqo nomgangatho wokuchaneka kwe-flatness i-GB/T 6092-2009 kunye ne-perpendicularity accuracy standard standard GB/T 6092-2009 (uhlaziyo oluhlaziyiweyo lwe-GB 6092-85), ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuchaneka kwayo kuhambelana nemigangatho yokulinganisa yamazwe ngamazwe neyasekhaya. Oku kuyenza ibe sisixhobo esithembekileyo kumashishini ukwenza ubhaqo oluchanekileyo ngokuhambelana nemigaqo yoshishino.
- Ukuphuculwa koLwakhiwo lokuSebenzisa okuSebenzayo: Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusetyenziswa lula, iimveliso ezininzi zegranite yesikwere serula ziyilwe ngemingxunya yokunciphisa ubunzima. Le mingxuma ayigcini nje ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ubunzima obupheleleyo bomlawuli, okwenza kube lula kubaqhubi ukuba baphathe kwaye basebenze, kodwa kwakhona abachaphazeli ukuzinza kwesakhiwo kunye nokuchaneka komlinganiselo wemveliso. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukunyamezela kwecala lomlawuli we-square ye-granite eqhelekileyo ilawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-0.02mm, eqinisekisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwendawo yokubhekisela yecala.
- Ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo zokuSebenza: Inokugcina ukuchaneka okuphezulu phantsi kweemeko zombini zomthwalo ophezulu (ezifana naxa isetyenziswe njengesalathiso sokubeka i-workpiece enzima) kunye neendawo zokushisa ngokubanzi (uluhlu lweqondo lokushisa luhlala lu-20℃ ukuya kwi-40℃). Oku kulungelelaniswa kuyenza ifaneleke kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso, kubandakanywa iindibano zocweyo zezixhobo zoomatshini, iiplanti zokuvelisa iinxalenye zemoto, iiworkshops zokusetyenzwa kwecandelo le-aerospace, kunye neelabhoratri ezichaneke kakhulu ezifana nelebhu ze-metrology kunye namaziko okuhlola umgangatho.
- Iinkalo zeSicelo esiPhambili: Kwishishini lokuvelisa i-automotive, isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-perpendicularity yeebhloko ze-injini ye-cylinder blocks kunye ne-transmission components; kwintsimi ye-aerospace, isetyenziselwa ukuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezakhiwo zenqwelomoya kunye namacandelo e-injini; kwishishini lokuvelisa izixhobo ze-elektroniki, kunceda ukuqinisekisa i-perpendicularity yeebhodi zesekethe ezichanekileyo kunye nofakelo lwamacandelo. Ukongezelela, isetyenziselwa ngokubanzi ukugcinwa kunye nokulinganisa izixhobo ezichanekileyo, ukubonelela ngereferensi esemgangathweni yokulinganisa ezinye izixhobo zokulinganisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-21-2025