Kwihlabathi lokuvelisa ngokuchanekileyo, apho ukuchaneka kwinqanaba le-nanometer kunokwenza okanye kwaphule imveliso, ukuthamba kwamaqonga okuvavanya kusisiseko esibalulekileyo sokulinganisa okuthembekileyo. Kwi-ZHHIMG, sichithe amashumi eminyaka siphucula ubugcisa kunye nesayensi yokuvelisa izinto ze-granite, sidibanisa ubugcisa bendabuko kunye netekhnoloji yanamhlanje ukuze sinike iindawo ezisebenza njengesalathiso sokugqibela kumashishini aqala kwimveliso ye-semiconductor ukuya kubunjineli beenqwelo-moya. Indlela yokwahluka kwee-engile, isiseko senkqubo yethu yokuqinisekisa umgangatho, imele eyona nto iphambili kule nkqubo—ukudibanisa ukuchaneka kwezibalo kunye nobuchule obusebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthamba ngeendlela ezichasayo imida yetekhnoloji yokulinganisa.
Isayensi Ebangela Ukuqinisekiswa Kwe-Flatness
Amaqonga ovavanyo lwegranite, adla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngamaqonga "emabula" kwi-jargon yeshishini, enziwe ngeediphozithi zegranite ezikhethiweyo ezikhethwe ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo esibalaseleyo sekristale kunye nokuzinza kobushushu. Ngokungafaniyo nemiphezulu yesinyithi enokubonisa ukuguquguquka kweplastiki phantsi koxinzelelo, igranite yethu emnyama ye-ZHHIMG®—enobunzima obumalunga ne-3100 kg/m³—igcina ukuthembeka kwayo nakwiindawo zoshishino ezinzima. Olu ncedo lwendalo luyisiseko sokuchaneka kwethu, kodwa ukuchaneka kokwenyani kufuna ukuqinisekiswa okungqongqo ngeendlela ezifana nendlela yokwahluka kwee-engile.
Indlela yokwahluka kwee-engile isebenza ngomgaqo olula ngokukhohlisayo: ngokulinganisa ii-engile zokuthambekela phakathi kwamanqaku akufutshane kumphezulu, singayakha kwakhona ngokwezibalo i-topography yayo ngokuchanekileyo okungaqhelekanga. Iingcali zethu ziqala ngokubeka ipleyiti yebhulorho echanekileyo exhotyiswe ngee-inclinometers ezinobuthathaka kumphezulu wegranite. Behamba ngokucwangcisiweyo kwiipateni ezimile okweenkwenkwezi okanye zegridi, barekhoda ukuphambuka kwe-engile ngamaxesha achazwe kwangaphambili, bedala imephu eneenkcukacha ze-Microscopic undulations yeqonga. Ezi zilinganiso ze-engile emva koko ziguqulwa zibe zii-linear deviations kusetyenziswa izibalo ze-trigonometric, zityhila utshintsho lomphezulu oluhlala luwela ngaphantsi kobude bokukhanya okubonakalayo.
Okwenza le ndlela ibe namandla kakhulu kukukwazi kwayo ukuphatha amaqonga amakhulu—amanye angaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-20 ubude—ngokuchaneka okuhlala kuhleli. Nangona iindawo ezincinci zinokuxhomekeka kwizixhobo zokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo ezifana ne-laser interferometers, indlela yokwahluka kwee-engile igqwesile ekubambeni ukugoba okuncinci okunokwenzeka kwizakhiwo zegranite ezinde. “Sakha safumanisa ukuphambuka kwe-0.002mm kwiqonga leemitha ezi-4 elalingayi kubonwa ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo,” ukhumbula uWang Jian, ingcali yethu yemetro eyintloko enamava angaphezu kweminyaka engama-35. “Elo nqanaba lokuchaneka libalulekile xa wakha izixhobo zokuhlola ze-semiconductor ezilinganisa iimpawu ze-nanoscale.”
Indlela yokwahluka kwee-engile i-autocollimator, esebenzisa ulungelelwaniso lwe-optical ukuze kufumaneke iziphumo ezifanayo. Ngokubonakalisa ukukhanya okucoliweyo kwizipili ezichanekileyo ezifakwe kwibhulorho ehambayo, iingcali zethu zinokubona utshintsho lwe-engile oluncinci njenge-0.1 arcseconds—olulingana nokulinganisa ububanzi beenwele zomntu ukusuka kwiikhilomitha ezi-2 ukusuka apho. Le ndlela yokuqinisekisa kabini iqinisekisa ukuba yonke iqonga le-ZHHIMG lihlangabezana okanye lidlula imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, kuquka i-DIN 876 kunye ne-ASME B89.3.7, nto leyo enika abathengi bethu ukuzithemba kokusebenzisa iindawo zethu njengesalathiso sokugqibela kwiinkqubo zabo zokulawula umgangatho.
Ubuchule bokwenza izinto: Ukusuka kwiQuarry ukuya kwiQuantum
Uhambo oluvela kwibhloko yegranite eluhlaza ukuya kwiqonga lovavanyo eliqinisekisiweyo lubungqina bomtshato wokugqibelela kwendalo kunye nobuchule bomntu. Inkqubo yethu iqala ngokukhethwa kwezinto, apho iingcali zejografi zikhetha iibhloko ezivela kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo zokumba imigodi kwiPhondo laseShandong, ezidume ngokuvelisa igranite ngokufana okungaqhelekanga. Ibhloko nganye ivavanywa nge-ultrasonic ukuchonga ukwaphuka okufihlakeleyo, kwaye kuphela ezo zinemifantu emincinci engaphantsi kwesithathu kwimitha nganye ye-cubic eziqhubeka nemveliso—imilinganiselo esemgangathweni egqitha kakhulu imigangatho yoshishino.
Kwiziko lethu elikumgangatho ophezulu kufutshane neJinan, ezi bhloko ziguqulwa ngolandelelwano lokwenziwa olulawulwa ngononophelo. Oomatshini bolawulo lwenani lekhompyutha (CNC) baqala ngokusika igranite ibe ngaphakathi kwe-0.5mm ukusuka kubukhulu bokugqibela, besebenzisa izixhobo ezinencam yedayimani ekufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-8 ukugcina ukuchaneka kokusika. Olu hlobo lokuqala lwenzeka kumagumbi azinzileyo kubushushu apho iimeko zokusingqongileyo zigcinwa zingaguqukiyo kwi-20°C ± 0.5°C, nto leyo ethintela ukwanda kobushushu ekuchaphazeleni imilinganiselo.
Ubugcisa bokwenyani buvela kwizigaba zokugqibela zokusila, apho iingcali zisebenzisa iindlela ezidluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Besebenza nge-iron oxide abrasives exhonywe emanzini, aba basebenzi bachitha iiyure ezili-120 begqibezela ngesandla imitha nganye yesikwere yomphezulu, besebenzisa ingqiqo yabo yokuchukumisa eqeqeshweyo ukubona ukuphambuka okuncinci njenge-2 microns. “Kufana nokuzama ukuziva umahluko phakathi kwamaphepha amabini ahlanganiswe kunye xa kuthelekiswa namathathu,” ucacisa uLiu Wei, umsindisi wesizukulwana sesithathu oye wanceda ekuveliseni amaqonga eJet Propulsion Laboratory yeNASA. “Emva kweminyaka engama-25, iminwe yakho iphuhlisa inkumbulo yokugqibelela.”
Le nkqubo yesandla ayisiyonto yendabuko nje kuphela—ibalulekile ekufezekiseni ukugqitywa kwinqanaba le-nanometer elifunekayo kubathengi bethu. Nokuba kukho ii-CNC grinders eziphambili, ukungalingani kwesakhiwo sekristale segranite kudala iincopho ezincinci kunye neentlambo ezinokugudiswa kuphela yingqondo yomntu. Iingcali zethu zisebenza ngababini, zitshintshana phakathi kokugaya kunye neeseshoni zokulinganisa zisebenzisa iGerman Mahr yemizuzu elishumi elinewaka (isisombululo se-0.5μm) kunye namanqanaba e-elektroniki eSwiss WYLER, ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ndawo idlula ukunyamezela kwethu okuqinileyo kwe-3μm/m kwiiplatifomu ezisemgangathweni kunye ne-1μm/m kwiimakethi zokuchaneka.
Ngaphaya Komphezulu: Ulawulo Lwendalo Esingqongileyo kunye Nokuphila Ixesha Elide
Iqonga legranite elichanekileyo linokuthenjwa kuphela njengendawo esebenza kuyo. Sikuqonda oku, siye sayila into esikholelwa ukuba yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili zoshishino zokushisa nokufuma (iiworkshops ezilawulwa bubushushu nokufuma), ezigubungela i-10,000 m² kwisakhiwo sethu esiphambili. La magumbi anemigangatho yekhonkrithi eqinileyo enobukhulu obuyimitha e-1 ehlukaniswe yi-500mm ububanzi be-Anti-seismic trench (imisele yokungcangcazela) kwaye asebenzisa ii-Silent overhead cranes ezinciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwendalo—izinto ezibalulekileyo xa kulinganiswa ukuphambuka okuncinci kunentsholongwane.
Iiparameter zokusingqongileyo apha azifani kakhulu: ukutshintsha kobushushu kunqunyelwe kwi-±0.1°C kwiiyure ezingama-24, ukufuma kugcinwe kwi-50% ± 2%, kunye nokubalwa kwamasuntswana omoya kugcinwa kwimigangatho ye-ISO 5 (ngaphantsi kwamasuntswana angama-3,520 angama-0.5μm okanye amakhulu nge-cubic meter nganye). Ezi meko aziqinisekisi nje kuphela ukulinganisa okuchanekileyo ngexesha lokuvelisa kodwa zikwalinganisa neendawo ezilawulwayo apho amaqonga ethu aza kusetyenziswa khona ekugqibeleni. “Sivavanya lonke iqonga phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kunokuba uninzi lwabathengi luya kuze ludibane nazo,” uphawula uZhang Li, ingcali yethu yobunjineli bokusingqongileyo. “Ukuba iqonga ligcina uzinzo apha, liya kusebenza naphi na emhlabeni.”
Olu kuzinikela kulawulo lokusingqongileyo lufikelela kwiinkqubo zethu zokupakisha nokuthumela. Iqonga ngalinye ligqunywe nge-foam padding enobukhulu obuyi-1cm kwaye liqiniswe kwiikreyithi zokhuni ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezifakwe izinto ezidambisa ukungcangcazela, emva koko zithuthwa ngeenqwelo ezikhethekileyo ezixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zokumiswa komoya. Sikwajonga nomothuko kunye nobushushu ngexesha lokuhamba sisebenzisa izinzwa ze-IoT, sibonelela abathengi ngembali epheleleyo yokusingqongileyo yemveliso yabo ngaphambi kokuba iphume kwindawo yethu.
Isiphumo sale ndlela ichubekileyo yimveliso enobomi benkonzo obugqwesileyo. Nangona i-avareji yeshishini ibonisa ukuba iqonga le-granite linokufuna uhlengahlengiso emva kweminyaka emi-5-7, abathengi bethu badla ngokuxela ukusebenza okuzinzileyo iminyaka eli-15 nangaphezulu. Olu bude bexesha aluveli nje kuphela ekuzinzeni kwe-granite kodwa nakwiinkqubo zethu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo, ezibandakanya ukuguga ngokwendalo iibhloko eziluhlaza ubuncinane iinyanga ezingama-24 ngaphambi kokwenziwa. “Sasinomthengi obuyisela iqonga ukuze lihlolwe emva kweminyaka eli-12,” ukhumbula umphathi wolawulo lomgangatho uChen Tao. “Ubuthe tyaba balo butshintshe nge-0.8μm kuphela—ngaphakathi kwenkcazelo yethu yokunyamezelana yokuqala. Nguwo lowo umahluko we-ZHHIMG.”
Ukumisela uMgangatho: Iziqinisekiso kunye noKwamkelwa kweHlabathi
Kwishishini apho amabango okuchaneka aqhelekile, ukuqinisekiswa okuzimeleyo kuthetha lukhulu. I-ZHHIMG iyazingca ngokuba ngumvelisi kuphela kwicandelo lethu ophethe iziqinisekiso ze-ISO 9001, ISO 45001, kunye ne-ISO 14001 ngaxeshanye, umahluko obonisa ukuzibophelela kwethu kumgangatho, ukhuseleko kwindawo yokusebenza, kunye noxanduva lokusingqongileyo. Izixhobo zethu zokulinganisa, kuquka izixhobo zeGerman Mahr kunye neJapan Mitutoyo, zihlolwa minyaka le yiShandong Provincial Institute of Metrology, kwaye ukulandelelwa kwemigangatho yesizwe kugcinwa ngokuhlolwa rhoqo.
Ezi ziqinisekiso zivule iingcango zobudlelwane nezinye zezona mibutho zifuna kakhulu kwihlabathi. Ukususela ekunikezeni iziseko zegranite kwiimashini ze-lithography ze-semiconductor ze-Samsung ukuya ekuboneleleni ngendawo yokubhekisa kwi-Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) yaseJamani, izixhobo zethu zidlala indima ethuleyo kodwa ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni iteknoloji yehlabathi. “Xa i-Apple yasicela ukuba sifumane amaqonga achanekileyo ukuze sivavanye izixhobo zabo ze-AR headset, abazange bafune nje umthengisi—babefuna iqabane elinokuqonda imingeni yabo yokulinganisa eyahlukileyo,” utshilo umlawuli wentengiso wamazwe ngamazwe uMichael Zhang. “Ukukwazi kwethu ukwenza ngokwezifiso zombini iqonga elibonakalayo kunye nenkqubo yokuqinisekisa kwenze umahluko omkhulu.”
Mhlawumbi eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqatshelwa kwezikolo zemfundo eziphambili kuphando lwe-metrology. Intsebenziswano neYunivesithi yeSizwe yaseSingapore kunye neYunivesithi yaseStockholm yaseSweden isincede saphucula indlela yethu yokwahluka kwee-angle, ngelixa iiprojekthi ezidibeneyo neYunivesithi yaseZhejiang yaseTshayina ziqhubeka nokuphucula imida yoko kunokulinganiswa. Olu budlelwane luqinisekisa ukuba iindlela zethu ziyatshintsha kunye neetekhnoloji ezintsha, ukusuka kwi-quantum computing ukuya kwimveliso yebhetri yesizukulwana esilandelayo.
Njengoko sijonge kwixesha elizayo, imigaqo esisiseko sendlela yokwahluka kwee-engile isasebenza njengangaphambili. Kwixesha lokwanda kokuzenzekela, sifumanise ukuba imilinganiselo ethembekileyo isavela ekudibaneni kwetekhnoloji ephucukileyo kunye nobuchule babantu. Iingcali zethu zokugaya, ezinokukwazi "ukuziva" ii-microns zokuphambuka, zisebenza kunye neenkqubo zohlalutyo lwedatha ezisebenzisa i-AI ezicubungula amawaka amanqaku okulinganisa ngemizuzwana. Olu manyano—oludala nolutsha, lwabantu kunye noomatshini—luchaza indlela yethu yokuchaneka.
Kwiinjineli kunye neengcali ezisemgangathweni ezinikwe umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kweemveliso zazo, ukukhetha iqonga lokuvavanya kubalulekile. Akupheleli nje ekuhlangabezaneni nemimiselo kodwa malunga nokumisela indawo yokubhekisa abanokuyithemba ngokungagungqiyo. Kwi-ZHHIMG, asakhi nje amaqonga e-granite—sakha ukuzithemba. Kwaye kwihlabathi apho umlinganiselo omncinci unokuba nefuthe elikhulu, olo kuzithemba luyinto yonke.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-03-2025