Iipleyiti zomphezulu wegranite ezichanekileyo zithathwa ngokubanzi njengesiseko seenkqubo zokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo okuphezulu kunye neenkqubo zokuhlanganisa. Ukusuka kwiilebhu zemetrology ukuya kwindibano yezixhobo ze-semiconductor kunye neendawo ze-CNC ezichanekileyo, iiplatifomu zegranite zithembekile ngenxa yozinzo lwazo olulinganayo, ukumelana nokuguguleka, kunye nokuziphatha kobushushu. Kodwa umbuzo ohlala uphakanyiswa ziinjineli kunye nabaphathi bomgangatho ulula ngokukhohlisayo: ukuchaneka kweplatifomu echanekileyo yegranite kuhlala ixesha elingakanani, kwaye kufuneka ukuzinza kokuchaneka kwexesha elide kube yinto ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha enye?
Ngokungafaniyo nezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo okanye izinto ze-elektroniki,iqonga legranite elichanekileyoayinayo "umhla wokuphelelwa" omiselweyo. Ubomi bayo bokuchaneka obusebenzayo buxhomekeke kudibaniso lomgangatho wezinto, inkqubo yokuvelisa, iimeko zokusetyenziswa, kunye nolawulo lwendalo olude. Kwizicelo ezilawulwa kakuhle, ipleyiti yomphezulu wegranite ekumgangatho ophezulu inokugcina ukuthamba kwayo okuchaziweyo kunye nejometri kangangamashumi eminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezilawulwa kakubi, ukuwohloka kokuchaneka kunokwenzeka kwangethuba, ngamanye amaxesha kwiminyaka embalwa.
Le nto ngokwayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuzinzeni kokuchaneka kwexesha elide. I-granite emnyama enoxinano olukhulu enesakhiwo esincinci nesilinganayo sengqolowa inika ukumelana okuphezulu kokuphumla koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kunye nokuguqulwa okuncinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-granite enoxinano oluphantse lube yi-3100 kg/m³ ibonisa iimpawu ezintle zokudambisa kunye nokuziphatha okuncinci kokuqhekeka, okubalulekileyo ekugcineni i-flat phantsi kwemithwalo eqhubekayo. Ilitye elinoxinano oluphantsi okanye izinto ezikhethwe ngendlela engafanelekanga, kuquka ne-marble esetyenziswe ngempazamo njenge-granite, ekuqaleni zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zoxinano kodwa zithande ukukhukuliseka ngokukhawuleza njengoko uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi luphuma ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
Umgangatho wokuvelisa ubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Amaqonga egranite achanekileyo adlula kwizinongo ezilawulwayo, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, kunye nokuguga ixesha elide ngaphambi kokusila kokugqibela abonisa uzinzo olungcono kakhulu lwexesha elide. Iindlela zokugaya eziphambili kunye nokugoba ngesandla okwenziwa ziingcali ezinamava kuvumela ukuba umphezulu ube tyaba ukufikelela kumanqanaba e-micrometer okanye nanometer. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, le nkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba i-geometry yomphezulu ihlala izinzile emva kokufakwa, endaweni yokutshintsha kancinci njengoko uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lunyamalala. Amaqonga enziwe ngokuguga okunganelanga okanye imijikelo yemveliso ekhawulezileyo adla ngokubonisa ukulahleka kokuchaneka okulinganisekayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, nokuba iingxelo zovavanyo lokuqala zibonakala zimangalisa.
Iimeko zokusingqongileyo zinempembelelo eqhubekayo neyongezelelekileyo kubomi bokuchaneka okusebenzayoipleyiti yomphezulu wegraniteUkutshintshatshintsha kobushushu, inkxaso engalinganiyo, ukuvezwa kokungcangcazela, kunye notshintsho lomswakama konke oku kunegalelo kwiingozi zokuguquguquka kwexesha elide. I-Granite ine-coefficient ephantsi yokwanda kobushushu, kodwa ayikhuselekanga kwi-thermal gradients. Iqonga elivezwe kukutshintshatshintsha kobushushu bemihla ngemihla okanye kwimithombo yobushushu yendawo linokufumana ukugoba okuncinci okuchaphazela ukuthembeka kokulinganisa. Yingakho uzinzo lokuchaneka kwexesha elide lungenakwahlulwa nokufakelwa ngokufanelekileyo, iindawo zokuxhasa ezizinzileyo, kunye nendawo yokulinganisa elawulwayo.
Iipateni zokusetyenziswa zikwamisela ukuba ixesha elingakanani ukuchaneka lihlala ngaphakathi kweenkcukacha. Iqonga lokuchaneka kwegranite elisetyenziswa njengesiseko sokubhekisa kwimisebenzi yokulinganisa ukukhanya liya kuguga ngokwahlukileyo kuleyo ixhasa izinto ezinzima zomatshini okanye imithwalo ephindaphindwayo enamandla. Imithwalo exineneyo, ukuphakamisa okungafanelekanga, okanye ukufuduka rhoqo kunokungenisa uxinzelelo oluncinci kwisakhiwo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, olu xinzelelo lunokutshintsha i-geometry yomphezulu, nokuba kwigranite ekumgangatho ophezulu. Ukuqonda indlela eliza kusetyenziswa ngayo iqonga kwiimeko zokwenyani kubalulekile xa kuvavanywa ukusebenza kokuchaneka kwexesha elide.
Iindlela zokulinganisa nokuqinisekisa zibonelela ngobona bungqina bucacileyo bobomi bokuchaneka kweqonga. Endaweni yokucinga ixesha lenkonzo esisigxina, abasebenzisi abaziingcali baxhomekeke ekuhlolweni rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuthamba kunye nejometri zihlala ngaphakathi kokunyamezelana. Kwiindawo ezizinzileyo, amaxesha okulinganisa kwakhona onyaka omnye ukuya kwemibini aqhelekile, kwaye amaqonga amaninzi abonisa ukuphambuka okuncinci nasemva kwenkonzo ende. Kwiindawo zoshishino ezinzima, ukuqinisekiswa rhoqo kunokufuneka, kungengenxa yokuba i-granite yonakala ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ngenxa yokuba iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo ziqokelelana ngokukhawuleza.
Xa ukhetha ipleyiti yomphezulu wegranite echanekileyo, ukuzinza kokuchaneka kwexesha elide akufuneki kuthathwe njengento eza kuthathwa emva koko. Amaxabiso okuqala okuthe tyaba kuphela awabonisi indlela eliza kusebenza ngayo iqonga emva kweminyaka emihlanu okanye elishumi. Iinjineli kufuneka ziqwalasele iimpawu zomzimba zegranite, inkqubo yokwaluphala, iindlela zokuvelisa, kunye nokuhambelana nendawo ekujoliswe kuyo. Iqonga legranite elikhethwe kakuhle liba yimpahla yexesha elide endaweni yokuba yinkxalabo yokugcinwa rhoqo.
Kwimizi-mveliso yanamhlanje enobuchule obuphezulu, ukuchaneka akulingani kuphela ngexesha lokuhanjiswa. Kulinganiswa ngokuhamba kwexesha, phantsi komthwalo, nakwiimeko ezitshintshayo. Iqonga lokuchaneka kwegranite eligcina ijiyometri yalo unyaka nonyaka lixhasa iziphumo zokulinganisa ezihambelanayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwezixhobo okuthembekileyo, kunye neendleko zokunciphisa ukulinganiswa kwakhona. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezinje ngokwenziwa kwe-semiconductor, ukuhlolwa kwe-optical, oomatshini bokulinganisa abalungelelanisiweyo, kunye neenkqubo ze-CNC eziphezulu, apho nokuphambuka okuncinci kunokwanda kube ziimpazamo ezinkulu ezisezantsi.
Ekugqibeleni, ixabiso lokwenyani lepleyiti yomphezulu wegranite echanekileyo lixhomekeke ekubeni ikwazi ukuhlala izinzile ixesha elide emva kokufakwa. Ngokubeka phambili uzinzo lokuchaneka kwexesha elide ngexesha lokukhetha, abasebenzisi banokuqinisekisa ukuba isiseko sabo sokulinganisa sihlala sithembekile kuyo yonke imigudu yobomi bezixhobo zabo. Kubunjineli bokuchaneka, ukuhambelana ngokuhamba kwexesha akuyonto ilula; ngumgangatho ochaza umgangatho.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-15-2025