Kwihlabathi elidibeneyo lokuvelisa ngokuchanekileyo, apho izinto zihlala zinqumla imida yamazwe ngamazwe ngaphambi kokuba kuhlanganiswe okokugqibela, ukuthembeka kwemigangatho yokulinganisa kubaluleke kakhulu. Isiseko sale ntembeko sixhomekeke kwipleyiti yomphezulu wegranite, isixhobo esisebenza ngaso kufuneka sihambelane ngokubanzi, nokuba sivela phi na. Iingcali ezibandakanyekayo ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho kufuneka zihambe kungekuphela nje kwiinkcukacha zobugcisa kodwa nakwikhonkco lokubonelela ngehlabathi, zibuza ukuba ingaba ipleyiti ephuma kwipleyiti yomphezulu wegranite eIndiya okanye nakweyiphi na enye imakethi yamazwe ngamazwe iyalandela na imigaqo engqongqo elindelekileyo kwiilebhu ezinkulu zemetrology.
Umgangatho Ongabonakaliyo: Kutheni iGranite Surface Plate iyinto eqhelekileyo kwiMetrology
Ibinzana elithi ipleyiti yomphezulu wegranite liqhelekile lingaphezulu nje kokubonwa nje; libonisa ukuxhomekeka okunzulu kwiimpawu zomzimba ezikhethekileyo zesixhobo. I-coefficient ephantsi yokwandiswa kobushushu (CTE) yeGranite, ukuxinana okuphezulu kokungcangcazela, kunye nokungabikho kokugqwala kwenza ukuba ibe yindawo yokubhekisa esemgangathweni. Indalo yayo engeyiyo yesinyithi isusa impembelelo yemagnethi enokujika ukufundwa okuthathwe ngezixhobo zokulinganisa ezisekelwe kumagnethi. Olu kwamkelwa ngokubanzi koko kuvumela abavelisi ukuba baqinisekise ukuba iindawo ezilinganiswe kwindawo enye ziya kuhambelana neendibano ezingamakhulu okanye amawaka eekhilomitha kude. Umngeni ophambili wolawulo lomgangatho kukuqinisekisa ukuba nayiphi na ipleyiti, nokuba yeyiphi na ibhrendi—nokuba ligama elaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela okanye ukungena okutsha kwimarike—iyahlangabezana nokuchaneka kwejometri okufunekayo. Le nkqubo yokuqinisekisa, ukuhlolwa kwepleyiti yomphezulu wegranite, yinkqubo enzima ebandakanya izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.
Ukuqinisekisa Ukuchaneka: Isayensi yoHlolo lwePlati yoMphezulu weGranite
Inkqubo yokuhlola ipleyiti yomphezulu wegranite yinkqubo ebalulekileyo neyalelweyo eqinisekisa ukuba ipleyiti iyanyamezela ukuthamba kwayo—umgangatho wayo—uyagcinwa. Olu hlolo ludlula ukujonga okubonakalayo okulula kwaye lubandakanya izixhobo ezintsonkothileyo ze-optical neze-elektroniki. Abahloli basebenzisa amanqanaba e-elektroniki okanye ii-auto-collimators ukuzoba umphezulu wonke, bethatha amakhulu emilinganiselo echanekileyo kwiigridi ezimiselweyo. Ezi milinganiselo emva koko ziyahlalutywa ukuze kubalwe ukuphambuka kwepleyiti iyonke ukusuka ekuthamba kwayo. Inkqubo yokuhlola ivavanya iiparameter ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, kubandakanya ukuthamba kwayo iyonke, okukukutshintshatshintsha okupheleleyo kumphezulu wonke; ukuphinda ukufunda, okukuthamba kwendawo encinci, ebalulekileyo kwaye kudla ngokuba luphawu olungcono lokuguguleka; kunye nokuthamba kwendawo yendawo, okuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kuhla ngequbuliso okanye amaqhuma anokuphazamisa ukufundwa kwendawo kakhulu. Iprotokholi yokuhlola eqinileyo ifuna ukulandelelwa kwakhona kwimigangatho yesizwe, okuqinisekisa ukuba isatifikethi sokulinganisa sepleyiti siyasebenza kwaye siyaqatshelwa kwihlabathi liphela. Oku kubalulekile xa kujongwana nezixhobo ezivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, njengaleyo ivela kwipleyiti yomphezulu wegranite eIndiya, apho umgangatho wokuvelisa kufuneka uhlolwe ngokuchasene nemilinganiselo yamazwe ngamazwe engqongqo efana ne-DIN 876 okanye i-US Federal Specification GGG-P-463c.
Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze kube lula ukusebenza: Ukusebenzisa ii-Granite Surface Plate Inserts
Nangona uninzi lwemilinganiselo lufuna kuphela isiseko sendawo ethe tyaba, i-metrology yanamhlanje ngamanye amaxesha ifuna ukusebenza ngokwezifiso. Kulapho ke i-granite surface plate ifakwa khona, ivumela ukudityaniswa kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ngqo kumphezulu we-reference ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuthamba kwayo iyonke. Ezi inserts zihlala ziquka ii-threaded metal bushings okanye ii-T-slots, ezifakwe ngokuchanekileyo kumphezulu we-granite. Zisebenza ngeenjongo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, kubandakanya ukufakwa kwe-fixture, okuvumela ii-jigs kunye ne-fixtures ukuba zibotshelelwe ngqo kwi-plate, zidale ukuseta okuzinzileyo, okuphindaphindwayo kokuhlolwa kwe-component enzima okanye eyenziwe ngobuninzi. Olu zinzo lubalulekile kumsebenzi we-CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) okanye ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kakhulu. I-Inserts ingasetyenziselwa ukugcinwa kwe-component, ukuqinisa i-components ngexesha lokuhlolwa ukuthintela intshukumo enokubangela iimpazamo, ngakumbi ngexesha lokubhala okanye imisebenzi yoyilo. Okokugqibela, ukusebenzisa iipateni zokufaka ezisemgangathweni kuqinisekisa ukuba i-fixturing eyenzelwe i-plate enye inokudluliselwa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwenye, ilungelelanise ukuhamba komsebenzi kwaye inciphise ixesha lokuseta. Xa kufakwa ezi zinto zifakelwayo, ukuthembeka kwepleyiti kufuneka kukhuselwe, njengoko ukufakwa kwayo kufuna ubuchule obukhethekileyo bokugrumba nokuseta ukuqinisekisa ukuba igranite ejikelezileyo ayiqhekekanga kwaye into efakelwayo ilingana ngokugqibeleleyo nomphezulu wokusebenza, nto leyo egcina umgangatho oqinisekisiweyo wepleyiti.
Ikhonkco Lobonelelo lweHlabathi: Ukuvavanya iPlate yoMphezulu weGranite eIndiya
Ukufunyanwa kwezixhobo ezichanekileyo kuye kwaba ngumzamo wehlabathi. Namhlanje, iimarike ezifana ne-granite surface plate eIndiya zingababoneleli ababalulekileyo, zisebenzisa iindawo zokugcina ezinkulu ze-granite kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ezikhuphisanayo. Nangona kunjalo, ingcali ebalulekileyo kufuneka ijonge ngaphaya kwexabiso kwaye iqinisekise izinto eziphambili zomgangatho. Xa ivavanya umthengisi wamazwe ngamazwe, ingqwalasela kufuneka ibe kwisiqinisekiso sezinto, iqinisekise ukuba i-granite emnyama (efana ne-diabase) efunyenweyo ikumgangatho ophezulu, iphantsi kumxholo we-quartz, kwaye iqinisekisiwe ngoxinano lwayo kunye ne-CTE ephantsi. Ukulandelela kunye nesiqinisekiso zibaluleke kakhulu: umenzi kufuneka anikezele ngesatifikethi sokulinganisa esiqinisekisiweyo, esinokulandeleka esivela kwilabhoratri evunyiweyo kwihlabathi liphela (njenge-NABL okanye i-A2LA), kunye nesatifikethi esichaza ngokucacileyo inqanaba elifunyenweyo. Ngaphezu koko, umgangatho wokugqibela uxhomekeke kubuchule bokugoba, kwaye abathengi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba umthengisi unendawo ezilawulwayo ezifunekayo kunye neengcali ezinamava ukuze afumane rhoqo ukunyamezelana kwe-Grade 0 okanye i-Grade AA flatness. Isigqibo sokuthenga kuye nawuphi na umthengisi, wasekhaya okanye wamazwe ngamazwe, sixhomekeke ekunamatheleni okuqinisekisiweyo kwinyani yobugcisa yokuba i-granite surface plate isemgangathweni kuphela xa ukuhlolwa kwayo kuqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana nenqanaba elifunekayo. Ukusebenzisa iingenelo zemarike yehlabathi kuluncedo kuphela xa imigangatho ye-metrology igcinwa ngaphandle kokuyekelela.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-26-2025