Ubininzi beOomatshini beCmm (oomatshini bokulinganisa abalungelelanisiweyo) zenziwe nguizinto zegranite.
IiCoordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) sisixhobo sokulinganisa esiguquguqukayo kwaye siphuhlise imisebenzi emininzi kwindawo yokuvelisa, kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwilabhoratri yomgangatho wendabuko, kunye nendima yakutshanje yokuxhasa ngokuthe ngqo imveliso kumgangatho wokuvelisa kwiindawo eziqatha. Ukuziphatha kobushushu kwezikali ze-encoder zeCMM kuba yinto ebalulekileyo phakathi kwemisebenzi yayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Kwinqaku elipapashwe kutshanje, elibhalwe nguRenishaw, kuxoxwa ngesihloko seendlela zokufakela isikali se-encoder ezidadayo nezinobuchule.
Izikali ze-encoder zizimele ngokufanelekileyo kwi-substrate yazo yokukhwelisa (edadayo) okanye zixhomekeke kwi-substrate (elawulwayo). Isikali esidadayo siyanda kwaye sinciphe ngokweempawu zobushushu zezinto zesikali, ngelixa isikali esilawulwayo siyanda kwaye sinciphe ngesantya esifanayo ne-substrate engaphantsi. Iindlela zokufaka isikali sokulinganisa zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa: inqaku elivela kwiRenishaw libonisa imeko apho isikali esilawulwayo sinokuba sisisombululo esikhethwayo kwiimashini zelebhu.
Ii-CMM zisetyenziselwa ukubamba idatha yokulinganisa enemilinganiselo emithathu kwizinto ezichanekileyo nezifakwe ngomatshini, ezifana neebhloko zeenjini kunye neebhlade zeenjini zejethi, njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokulawula umgangatho. Kukho iintlobo ezine ezisisiseko zomatshini wokulinganisa odibeneyo: ibhulorho, i-cantilever, i-gantry kunye nengalo ethe tye. Ii-CMM zohlobo lwebhulorho zezona zixhaphakileyo. Kuyilo lwebhulorho yeCMM, i-Z-axis quill ifakwe kwinqwelo yokuhambahamba ecaleni kwebhulorho. Ibhulorho iqhutywa ngeendlela ezimbini zesikhokelo kwicala le-Y-axis. Imoto iqhuba elinye igxalaba lebhulorho, ngelixa elinye igxalaba lingaqhutywanga: isakhiwo sebhulorho sihlala sikhokelwa/sixhaswa kwiibheringi ze-aerostatic. Inqwelo yokuhamba (i-X-axis) kunye ne-quill (i-Z-axis) zinokuqhutywa yibhanti, isikrufu okanye i-linear motor. Ii-CMM zenzelwe ukunciphisa iimpazamo ezingenakuphindwa njengoko ezi kunzima ukuzihlawula kwisilawuli.
Ii-CMM ezisebenza kakuhle ziquka ibhedi yegranite enobushushu obuphezulu kunye nesakhiwo se-gantry/bridge esiqinileyo, esine-inertia quill ephantsi eqhotyoshelwe kuyo i-sensor ukulinganisa iimpawu zomsebenzi. Idatha evelisiweyo isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo ziyahlangabezana nokunyamezelana okumiselweyo. Ii-encoders ezichanekileyo eziphezulu zifakelwe kwii-axes ezahlukeneyo ze-X, Y kunye ne-Z ezinobude obuziimitha ezininzi kwiimashini ezinkulu.
Ibhulorho yegranite eqhelekileyo i-CMM esebenza kwigumbi elinomoya opholileyo, elinobushushu obuphakathi kwe-20 ±2 °C, apho ubushushu begumbi bujikeleza kathathu ngeyure, ivumela igranite enobunzima obuphezulu ukuba igcine ubushushu obuqhelekileyo obuyi-20 °C. I-encoder yentsimbi engenasici ejikelezayo efakwe kwi-axis nganye ye-CMM iya kuzimela kakhulu kwi-substrate yegranite kwaye iphendule ngokukhawuleza kutshintsho kubushushu bomoya ngenxa yokuqhuba kwayo ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nobunzima obuphantsi bobushushu, obuphantsi kakhulu kunobunzima bobushushu betafile yegranite. Oku kuya kukhokelela ekwandeni okuphezulu okanye ukucutheka kwesikali kwi-axis eqhelekileyo ye-3m malunga ne-60 µm. Olu lwandiso lunokubangela impazamo enkulu yokulinganisa enzima ukuyilungisa ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwexesha.
Isikali esilawulwa yi-substrate sikhetho olukhethwayo kule meko: isikali esilawulwayo siya kwanda kuphela nge-coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) ye-granite substrate kwaye, ke ngoko, siya kubonisa utshintsho oluncinci ekuphenduleni ukushukuma okuncinci kubushushu bomoya. Utshintsho lwexesha elide kubushushu kufuneka luqwalaselwe kwaye oku kuya kuchaphazela ubushushu obuqhelekileyo be-substrate enobunzima obuphezulu. Imbuyekezo yobushushu ilula njengoko umlawuli kufuneka ahlawulele kuphela ukuziphatha kobushushu bomatshini ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukuziphatha kobushushu be-encoder scale.
Ngamafutshane, iinkqubo ze-encoder ezinezikali ezilawulwa yi-substrate zisisombululo esigqibeleleyo se-CMMs ezichanekileyo ezine-CTE ephantsi / ii-substrates ezinobunzima obuphezulu bobushushu kunye nezinye izicelo ezifuna amanqanaba aphezulu okusebenza kwe-metrology. Iingenelo zezikali ezilawulwayo ziquka ukwenza lula iindlela zokuhlawula ubushushu kunye nokukwazi ukunciphisa iimpazamo zokulinganisa ezingaphindwayo ngenxa, umzekelo, ukutshintsha kobushushu bomoya kwindawo yomatshini wasekuhlaleni.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-25-2021