Iirula zesikwere zegranite ezichanekileyo zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kubunjineli boomatshini kunye ne-metrology, ezihlonitshwayo ngenxa yokuchaneka kwazo okugqwesileyo, ukuzinza okuphezulu, kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka okungokwemvelo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweziphumo zokulinganisa kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezi zixhobo zibalulekileyo, kufuneka kulandelwe imigaqo engqongqo ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva kokusetyenziswa kwazo.
I. Ukulungiselela Ngaphambi Kokusetyenziswa: Ukubeka Inqanaba Lokuchaneka
A. Ukuhlolwa koBuchule kunye nokuhlolwa koBuchule
Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe nawuphi na umsebenzi wokulinganisa, kufuneka kuhlolwe ngokubonakalayo irula yesikwere segranite. Abaqhubi kufuneka bajonge ngononophelo ubuso obusebenzayo nobokulinganisa ukuba akukho nanye imiqondiso yomonakalo, efana neetships, imikrwelo enzulu, okanye iimpawu zokuchaphazeleka. Nasiphi na isiphene esibonakalayo sinokuphazamisa ukuchaneka kwejometri kunye nokuzinza kwerula. Ukuba kufunyenwe amabala abalulekileyo, irula kufuneka irhoxiswe kwinkonzo ngoko nangoko ukuze ihlolwe okanye itshintshwe ngobuchwephesha.
B. Inkqubo yokucoca ngocoselelo
Iindawo zokusebenza mazicoceke ngokugqibeleleyo. Sebenzisa ilaphu lekotoni elicocekileyo nelithambileyo okanye isixhobo sokucoca esikhethekileyo ukuze usule uthuli, intsalela yeoyile, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo ngobunono. Kwiindawo ezimdaka, kungasetyenziswa inani elincinci le-arhente yokucoca engathathi cala. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphepha ii-arhente zokucoca ezine-acidic, alkaline, okanye ezinamandla, njengoko ezi zinokuwonakalisa umphezulu wegranite ngeekhemikhali ngokuhamba kwexesha.
C. Ukuqinisekiswa koLungiso lwangaphambi kokusetyenziswa
Nangona i-precision granite idume ngokuzinza kwayo okungaqhelekanga, ukuguquguquka okuncinci kunokwenzeka emva kokugcinwa ixesha elide okanye ukuthuthwa. Ke ngoko, kungcono ukwenza uhlolo lokulinganisa ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa usebenzisa izixhobo ezichanekileyo kakhulu, ezifana ne-autocollimator okanye inkqubo ye-elektroniki, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuchaneka kwe-angular yomlawuli kuyahlangabezana nemigangatho efunekayo kwisicelo esithile.
II. Imigangatho Yokusebenza: Ukuqinisekisa Ukuthembeka Komlinganiselo
A. Ukubekwa okuzinzileyo kunye neNkxaso
Irula yesikwere segranite kufuneka ibekwe kumphezulu wokulinganisa oqinileyo nozinzileyo, kuthintelwe nayiphi na indawo enokungcangcazela, ukuthambekela, okanye ukungalingani. Xa ubeka irula phantsi, qinisekisa ukuba zombini iindawo ezisebenzayo zinxibelelana ngokupheleleyo kwaye zizinzile nomphezulu wokujonga, ukugcina imeko ethe tye. Le ndlela ilula yokulinganisa inciphisa iimpazamo zokulinganisa ezibangelwa kukubekwa okungazinzanga.
B. Imigaqo yoLawulo oluLungileyo
Indlela igranite engeyontsimbi ngayo yenza ukuba iqhekezeke xa itshayiswa ngequbuliso. Abaqhubi kufuneka basoloko bephatha irula ngononophelo olukhulu, bephepha iintshukumo eziqatha okanye ukungqubana nezinto eziqinileyo. Xa ushukumisa isixhobo, sebenzisa izandla zombini ukubamba imiphetho okanye iziphatho ezimiselweyo, usiphakamise kwaye usibeke phantsi kakuhle ukuze uthintele umonakalo wokuwa okanye ukungqubana.
C. Indlela Yokulinganisa Ngokuchanekileyo
Ngexesha lokulinganisa, isiqwenga somsebenzi kufuneka sidityaniswe ngokuqinileyo, ngokusondeleyo nobuso bomlawuli, kususa nasiphi na isikhewu esibonakalayo. Kwiziqwenga zomsebenzi ezincinci, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ii-clamps ezifanelekileyo okanye izixhobo ezincedisayo ukulungisa indawo ngokukhuselekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo kumandla okulinganisa; amandla agqithisileyo anokubangela ukuguquka okwethutyana kwerula yegranite okanye umonakalo kumphezulu wesiqwenga somsebenzi.
D. Ukungangcoliseki koMgangatho oNxulumeneyo
Iirula zesikwere zegranite ezinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokuchaneka kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokwahlukeneyo. Iirula ezichanekileyo kakhulu (umz., i-DIN 875/000 grade) kufuneka zigcinelwe kuphela ukulinganisa okuchanekileyo, ngelixa iirula ezikumgangatho ophantsi zifanelekile ukujonga ngokubanzi. Olu hluko luthintela ukuwohloka ngengozi kwemigangatho yokulinganisa okubalulekileyo.
III. Ukugcinwa Emva Kokusetyenziswa: Ukugcinwa Kwexesha Elide
A. Ukucoca Okukhawulezileyo Nokucokisekileyo
Emva kokusetyenziswa, irula kufuneka icocwe ngoko nangoko. Sula kwakhona umphezulu ngelaphu elicocekileyo lekotoni ukuze ususe naluphi na ukungcola okushiyekileyo okanye ukufuma okushiyekileyo kwinkqubo yokulinganisa. Ukuba irula yayisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo ezibandakanya ukusika ulwelo okanye iioyile, isisombululo sokucoca esikhethekileyo kufuneka sisetyenziswe ekucoceni ngokupheleleyo.
B. Ukuthintela Umhlwa kwiZixhobo zeSinyithi
Nangona igranite ngokwayo ingangenwa ngumhlwa, naziphi na izixhobo zesinyithi ezinxulumene nazo (ezifana neziphatho okanye izikrufu zokulungisa) azingenwa. Ukuba ezi zinto zidibana nomswakama okanye izinto ezirhabaxa, umhlwa unokubakho. Ukusebenzisa umaleko omncinci weoyile yokulwa nomhlwa kwezi zinto zesinyithi kubalulekile ukuthintela umonakalo wokugqwala.
C. Indawo yokugcina ekhuselekileyo nephuculiweyo
Irula yesikwere segranite ecocekileyo kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, enomoya ongenamoya ongenazo iigesi ezirhabaxa. Kucetyiswa kakhulu ukusebenzisa ityesi yokugcina okanye isigqubuthelo sothuli ukukhusela umphezulu eluthulini, kwimfucumfucu, kwaye, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthintela ukungqubana kunye nomonakalo otyumkileyo.
IV. Ukhathalelo olucwangcisiweyo kunye nesiqinisekiso
A. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokulungiswa
Hlola rhoqo umphezulu werula ukuze ubone iimpawu zokuguguleka okanye ukuguguleka. Kwiindawo ezigugulekayo ezibalulekileyo, kufuneka ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuphinda ubekwe umphezulu. Nangona igranite ingadingi ukuthambisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba naziphi na izinto ezinxulumene noomatshini ziyasebenza yinxalenye yokujonga rhoqo ukulungiswa.
B. Ukulinganisa Ixesha Eliqhelekileyo Ukuze Kulandelelwe
Ngokusekelwe kwinani lokusetyenziswa kunye nenqanaba elifunekayo lokuchaneka, irula yesikwere segranite kufuneka ingeniswe kwiziko le-metrology elivunyiweyo ukuze lilinganiswe rhoqo. Iirula ezichanekileyo zihlala zifuna imijikelo emifutshane yokulinganisa, ngelixa izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinokuba nemijikelo emide. Iirula eziphumeleleyo kuphela ezinokuthi ziqhubeke zisetyenziswa, okuqinisekisa ukulandeleka kunye nokuchaneka kwazo zonke iziphumo zokulinganisa.
Ngokwesishwankathelo, ukuphathwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili kwerula yesikwere segranite echanekileyo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuchaneka kokulinganisa kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo bokusebenza. Ngokulandela ngokungqongqo ezi zikhokelo zokusebenza, siqinisekisa ukuba izibonelelo ezipheleleyo zezixhobo ze-granite metrology eziphambili ze-ZHHIMG ziyafezekiswa, zibonelela ngesiseko esingagungqiyo semveliso kunye nophando kwihlabathi liphela.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-14-2025