Iirula zesikwere zegranite ezichanekileyo zizixhobo eziyimfuneko kubunjineli boomatshini kunye ne-metrology, ezihlonitshwa ngokuchaneka kwazo okukhethekileyo, uzinzo oluphezulu, kunye nokunganyangeki kwendalo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweziphumo zokulinganisa kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezi zixhobo ezibalulekileyo, iiprothokholi ezingqongqo kufuneka zilandelwe ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva kokusetyenziswa kwazo.
I. ULungiselelo lokusetyenziswa kwangaphambili: Ukumisela inqanaba lokuchaneka
A. UHlolo olubonakalayo kunye noHlolo lweMfezeko
Ngaphambi kwawo nawuphi na umsebenzi wokulinganisa, uhlolo olucacileyo lwembonakalo yerula yesikwere segranite lunyanzelekile. Abanini-zithuthi mabajonge ngobunono ubuso obusebenzayo kunye nokulinganisa naziphi na iimpawu zomonakalo, ezifana neetshiphusi, imikrwelo enzulu, okanye amanqaku empembelelo. Nasiphi na isiphene esibonakalayo sinokuphazamisa ukuchaneka kwejometri yomlawuli kunye nokuzinza. Ukuba kufunyenwe amabala abalulekileyo, irula kufuneka irhoxiswe kwangoko kwinkonzo yokuhlolwa kobuchwephesha okanye ukutshintshwa.
B. Inkqubo yokucoca ngokucokisekileyo
Iindawo zokusebenza kufuneka zicoceke ngokugqibeleleyo. Sebenzisa ilaphu lomqhaphu elicocekileyo, elithambileyo okanye isixhobo esikhethekileyo sokucoca ukosula ngobunono uthuli, intsalela yeoli, kunye nezinye izingcolisi. Kwiindawo ezinenkani, i-agent encinci yokucoca i-agent engathathi hlangothi ingasetyenziswa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunqanda i-asidi, i-alkaline, okanye i-oxidizing eyomeleleyo yokucoca i-oxidizing, njengoko ezi zinokonakalisa umphezulu we-granite ngekhemikhali ngokuhamba kwexesha.
C. UQinisekiso lokuLungiswa kokusetyenziswa kwangaphambili
Ngelixa i-granite echanekileyo idume ngokuzinza kwayo okungaqhelekanga, ukuguqulwa okuncinci kunokwenzeka emva kokugcinwa ixesha elide okanye ukuthuthwa. Ke ngoko, yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza uhlengahlengiso lokusetyenziswa kwangaphambili usebenzisa izixhobo ezichanekileyo, njenge-autocollimator okanye inkqubo yenqanaba lombane, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwe-angular yomlawuli ihlangabezana nemigangatho efunekayo yesicelo esithile.
II. ImiGangatho yokuSebenza: Ukuqinisekisa uBulunga boMlinganiselo
A. Ukubekwa okuZinzile kunye neNkxaso
Irula yegranite yesikwere kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo eqinileyo, ezinzileyo yokulinganisa, inqanda nayiphi na indawo ethanda ukungcangcazela, ukutyekela, okanye ukungalingani. Xa ubeka irula phantsi, qinisekisa ukuba zombini ubuso obusebenzayo budibene ngokupheleleyo kwaye buzinzile kunye nomphezulu wereferensi, ugcine imo ethe tye. Lo mlinganiselo ulula unciphisa iimpazamo zomlinganiselo ezibangelwa kukubekwa okungazinzanga.
B. IProthokholi yokuphatha ngononophelo
Ubume be-granite engeyiyo isinyithi buyenza ithande ukuqhekeka ukuba iphantsi kwempembelelo yequbuliso. Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka basoloko bephatha irula ngononophelo olugqithisileyo, benqanda ukunyakaza okunamandla okanye ukungqubana nezinto ezinzima. Xa uhambisa isixhobo, sebenzisa izandla zombini ukuze ubambe imiphetho okanye izibambo ezichongiweyo, uphakamise kwaye ubeke phantsi kakuhle ukukhusela umonakalo ekuweni okanye ukungqubeka.
C. UbuChwephesha boMlinganiselo obuchanekileyo
Ngexesha lokulinganisa, i-workpiece kufuneka iziswe kuqhagamshelwano oluqinileyo, olusondeleyo kunye nobuso obusebenzayo bomlawuli, ukuphelisa nayiphi na i-gap ebonakalayo. Kwizinto ezincinci zokusebenza, ii-clamps ezifanelekileyo okanye izixhobo ezincedisayo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukulungisa ngokukhuselekileyo indawo. Ngaphezu koko, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe kumandla okulinganisa; amandla agqithisileyo angakhokelela ekuguqulweni kwexeshana kwerula legranite okanye umonakalo kumphezulu womsebenzi.
D. UkungaNxilelwa kwiBanga
Iirula zesikwere segranite zamabakala ahlukeneyo zokuchaneka mazisetyenziswe ngokwahlukeneyo. Iirula ezichanekileyo (umzekelo, ibakala le-DIN 875/000) kufuneka ligcinwe ngokungqongqo kwimilinganiselo echanekileyo, ngelixa iirula zodidi olusezantsi zifanelekile kwiitshekhi jikelele. Olu lwahlulo luthintela ukuthotywa ngokungenanjongo kwemigangatho yomlinganiselo obalulekileyo.
III. ULondolozo lwasemva kokusetyenziswa: Ukugcinwa koBomi obude
A. Ukucoca ngokukhawuleza nangokucokisekileyo
Emva kokusetyenziswa, irula kufuneka ihlambuluke ngokukhawuleza. Sula umphezulu kwakhona ngelaphu lomqhaphu elicocekileyo ukuze ususe nayiphi na i-grime eseleyo okanye ukufuma okushiye kwinkqubo yokulinganisa. Ukuba irula lisetyenziswe kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo ezibandakanya ukusika ulwelo okanye ioyile, isisombululo sokucoca esizinikezeleyo kufuneka sisetyenziselwe ukucoca okubanzi.
B. UThintelo lomhlwa kwiiNdawo zeMetal
Nangona i-granite ngokwayo ingenakukwazi ukugqwala, naziphi na izixhobo zetsimbi ezinxulumene nazo (ezifana nezibambo okanye izikrufu zokulungisa) azinjalo. Ukuba ezi zifakelo zidibana nokufuma okanye izinto ezidlekayo, umhlwa ungenzeka. Ukufaka umaleko obhityileyo we-oyile echasene nomhlwa kula macandelo esinyithi kubalulekile ukuthintela ukonakala komhlwa.
C. Ugcino oluKhuselekileyo noluLungelweyo
I-granite square rule ecociweyo kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, engenamoya ngaphandle kweegesi ezitshabalalisayo. Kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba kusetyenziswe indawo yokugcina ezinikeleyo okanye isigqubuthelo sothuli sokukhusela, ukukhusela umphezulu kuthuli, inkunkuma, kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthintela ukungqubana kunye nomonakalo otyumzayo.
IV. Ukhathalelo olucwangcisiweyo kunye neSiqinisekiso
A. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokuLungisa
Jonga rhoqo umphezulu werula ngeempawu zokuguga okanye ukuguqulwa. Kwiindawo zokunxiba ezibaluleke kakhulu, ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza okanye ukulungiswa kwakhona kuyimfuneko. Ngelixa igranite ayifuni ukuthambisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba naziphi na izinto ezinxulumene noomatshini ziyasebenza yinxalenye yokuhlolwa kwesiqhelo kokugcinwa.
B. Ulungelelwaniso lweXesha lokulandeleka
Ngokusekwe kubuninzi bokusetyenziswa kunye nenqanaba elichanekileyo elifunekayo, irula yesikwere segranite kufuneka ingeniswe kwiziko le-metrology elivunyiweyo lokulinganisa amaxesha ngamaxesha. Iirula ezichaneke kakhulu zifuna imijikelo emifutshane yokulinganisa, ngelixa izixhobo zodidi olusezantsi zinokuba nemijikelo eyandisiweyo. Kuphela ngabalawuli abaphumelele isatifikethi sokulinganisa banokuqhubeka besetyenziswa, beqinisekisa ukulandelwa kunye nokuchaneka kwazo zonke iziphumo zokulinganisa.
Ngamafutshane, ukuphathwa ngendlela eyiyo kunye nokugcinwa okukhawulezileyo kwerula echanekileyo yesikwere segranite kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuchaneka komlinganiselo kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo bokusebenza. Ngokubambelela ngokungqongqo kwezi zikhokelo zokusebenza, siqinisekisa ukuba iingenelo ezipheleleyo ze-ZHHIMG zezixhobo eziphezulu ze-granite metrology ziyafezekiswa, zibonelela ngesiseko esingagungqiyo semveliso kunye nophando kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-14-2025