Izinto zeCeramic ziya zisiba yinxalenye ephambili yemveliso ephezulu yehlabathi. Ngombulelo kubunzima babo obuphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, iiseramikhi eziphambili ezifana ne-alumina, i-silicon carbide, kunye ne-aluminiyam nitride zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-aerospace, i-semiconductor packaging, kunye ne-biomedical applications. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobunzima bendalo kunye nokuqina okuphantsi kokwaphuka kwezi zixhobo, ukuchaneka kwabo ngomatshini bekusoloko kuthathwa njengomngeni onzima. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezitsha zokusika, iinkqubo ezihlanganisiweyo, kunye netekhnoloji yokubeka iliso ekrelekrele, iibhotile ze-ceramic machining ziye zoyiswa ngokuthe ngcembe.
Ubunzima: Ubunzima obuphezulu kunye noBubrittleness Coexist
Ngokungafaniyo nesinyithi, iiseramics zichaphazeleka ngakumbi ekuqhekekeni kunye nokuqhekeka ngexesha lomatshini. Umzekelo, i-silicon carbide inzima kakhulu, kwaye izixhobo zokusika zemveli zihlala ziphela ngokukhawuleza, okukhokelela kubomi besinye kwishumi kuphela somatshini wesinyithi. Iziphumo zokufudumala zikwangumngcipheko omkhulu. Ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwendawo ngexesha lomatshini kunokukhokelela ekuguqulweni kwesigaba kunye noxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, okubangela umonakalo ongaphantsi komhlaba onokuphazamisa ukuthembeka kwemveliso yokugqibela. Kwi-semiconductor substrates, nokuba umonakalo we-nanometer-scale unokunciphisa ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu be-chip kunye nokusebenza kombane.
Ukuphumelela kwezobuGcisa: Izixhobo zokusika i-Superhard kunye neenkqubo ezidibeneyo
Ukoyisa le mingeni yomatshini, ishishini lihlala lizisa izixhobo ezitsha zokusika kunye nezisombululo zokuphucula. I-polycrystalline diamond (PCD) kunye ne-cubic boron nitride (CBN) izixhobo zokusika ziye zatshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe izixhobo zokusika i-carbide yendabuko, iphucula kakhulu ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kunye nokuzinza komatshini. Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa kwe-ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting kunye ne-ductile-domain machining technologies yenze ukuba "iplastiki-efana" yokusika izinto ze-ceramic, ngaphambili zisuswe kuphela ngokuqhekeka kwe-brittle, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe ukuqhekeka kunye nokulimala komda.
Ngokumalunga nonyango oluphezulu, ubugcisa obutsha obufana nokupholisha kwekhemikhali (CMP), i-magnetorheological polishing (MRF), kunye ne-plasma-assisted polishing (PAP) iqhuba iinxalenye ze-ceramic kwixesha lokuchaneka kwenqanaba le-nanometer. Umzekelo, i-aluminiyam nitride i-heat sink substrates, nge-CMP edityaniswe neenkqubo ze-PAP, iphumelele amanqanaba obunzima bomphezulu ongaphantsi kwe-2nm, ebaluleke kakhulu kwishishini le-semiconductor.
Amathuba eSicelo: Ukusuka kwiiChips ukuya kuNonophelo lwezeMpilo
Ezi nkqubela phambili zeteknoloji ziguqulelwa ngokukhawuleza kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso. Abavelisi be-semiconductor basebenzisa izixhobo zoomatshini eziqinileyo kunye neenkqubo zembuyekezo yempazamo ye-thermal ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kweewafers ezinkulu ze-ceramic. Kwintsimi yebhayoloji, iindawo ezintsonkothileyo ezigobileyo zokufakelwa kwe-zirconia zenziwe ngoomatshini ngokuchanekileyo okuphezulu ngepolisha yemagnetorheological. Idityaniswe ne-laser kunye neenkqubo zokugquma, oku kwandisa ngakumbi i-biocompatibility kunye nokuqina.
IiNdlela zexesha elizayo: Imveliso yobukrelekrele kunye neGreen
Ukujonga phambili, ukuchaneka kwe-ceramic machining kuya kuba nobukrelekrele ngakumbi kunye nobuhlobo bendalo. Kwelinye icala, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye namawele edijithali zidityanisiwe kwiinkqubo zemveliso, evumela ukwenziwa kwexesha lokwenyani leendlela zesixhobo, iindlela zokupholisa, kunye neeparamitha zoomatshini. Kwelinye icala, uyilo lwe-ceramic ye-gradient kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe inkunkuma kuba ziindawo zophando, ibonelela ngeendlela ezintsha zokwenza uhlaza.
Ukuqukumbela
Kuyabonwa kwangaphambili ukuba ukwenziwa kwe-ceramic ngokuchanekileyo kuya kuqhubeka nokuguqukela "kuchaneka lwe-nano, umonakalo ophantsi, kunye nolawulo lobukrelekrele." Kushishino lwemveliso lwehlabathi, oku akubonisi nje impumelelo ekusetyenzweni kwemathiriyeli kodwa ikwasalathiso esibalulekileyo sokhuphiswano lwexesha elizayo kumashishini akumgangatho ophezulu. Njengenxalenye ephambili yokwenziwa kwemveliso ephucukileyo, ukuqhubela phambili okutsha kumatshini we-ceramic kuya kuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo amashishini afana ne-aerospace, i-semiconductors, kunye ne-biomedicine ukuya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-23-2025