Kwintsimi yovavanyo lwe-semiconductor, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwiqonga lokuvavanya kudlala indima ecacileyo ekuvavanyeni ukuchaneka kovavanyo kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo. Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zentsimbi yentsimbi yesiko, igranite iba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kumaqonga ovavanyo lwe-semiconductor ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okugqwesileyo.
Ukumelana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide
Ngexesha lenkqubo yovavanyo lwe-semiconductor, ii-reagents ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali zihlala zibandakanyeka, njengesisombululo se-potassium hydroxide (KOH) esetyenziselwa uphuhliso lwe-photoresist, kunye nezinto eziyingozi kakhulu njenge-hydrofluoric acid (HF) kunye ne-nitric acid (HNO₃) kwinkqubo yokufaka. Intsimbi eyicast ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngentsimbi. Kwimeko enjalo yeekhemikhali, iimpendulo zokunciphisa i-oxidation zinokwenzeka kakhulu. Iiathom ze-iron zilahlekelwa zii-elektroni kwaye zingene kwiindlela zokushukuma kunye nezinto ezineasidi kwisisombululo, ezibangela ukonakala okukhawulezileyo komphezulu, zenze umhlwa kunye nokudakumba, kwaye zonakalise ukucaba kunye nokuchaneka komda kweqonga.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukubunjwa kweeminerali zegranite kuyinika ukuxhathisa okungaqhelekanga kokutya. Icandelo layo eliphambili, i-quartz (i-SiO₂), ineepropathi zeekhemikhali ezizinzile kakhulu kwaye ayifuni ukuphendula ngee-asidi eziqhelekileyo kunye neziseko. Iiminerali ezifana ne-feldspar nazo zi-inert kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo zeekhemikhali. Inani elikhulu leemvavanyo libonise ukuba kwindawo efanayo yokufumanisa i-semiconductor yeekhemikhali zemichiza, ukuxhatshazwa kweekhemikhali ze-granite kungaphezulu kwamaxesha angama-15 ngaphezu kwesinyithi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusebenzisa iiplatifomu zegranite kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukuphindaphinda kunye neendleko zokugcinwa kwezixhobo ezibangelwa ukubola, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo, nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwexesha elide lokufumanisa ukuchaneka.
Ukuzinza okuphezulu kakhulu, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuchaneka kwenqanaba le-nanometer
Uvavanyo lwe-Semiconductor luneemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokuzinza kweqonga kwaye kufuneka zilinganise ngokuchanekileyo iimpawu ze-chip kwi-nanoscale. I-coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-thermal yensimbi yentsimbi iphezulu, malunga ne-10-12 × 10⁻⁶/℃. Ubushushu obuveliswa kukusebenza kwesixhobo sokubona okanye ukuguquguquka kobushushu be-ambient kuya kubangela ukwandiswa kwe-thermal ebalulekileyo kunye nokucutheka kweqonga lentsimbi, okukhokelela ekuphambukeni kwendawo phakathi kwe-probe yokufumanisa kunye ne-chip kunye nokuchaphazela ukuchaneka komlinganiselo.
I-coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-thermal ye-granite yi-0.6-5 × 10⁻⁶/℃ kuphela, eyiqhezu okanye nangaphantsi kwentsimbi. Ubume bayo buxinene. Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi luye lwapheliswa ngokusisiseko ngokuguga kwendalo kwexesha elide kwaye luchaphazeleka kancinci ngotshintsho lobushushu. Ukongezelela, i-granite inokuqina okuqinileyo, kunye nobunzima be-2 ukuya ku-3 amaxesha aphezulu ngaphezu kwentsimbi yentsimbi (elingana ne-HRC> 51), enokuthi ixhathise ngokufanelekileyo iimpembelelo zangaphandle kunye nokugubha kunye nokugcina ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokuthe tye kweqonga. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-high-precision chip ye-circuit circuit, i-platform ye-granite inokulawula impazamo ye-flatness ngaphakathi kwe-± 0.5μm / m, iqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zokubona zisengakwazi ukufezekisa ukuchaneka kwe-nanoscale ngokuchanekileyo kwiindawo ezinzima.
Ipropathi ebalaseleyo ye-anti-magnetic, idala indawo ecocekileyo yokubona
Amacandelo e-elektroniki kunye nezinzwa kwizixhobo zovavanyo lwe-semiconductor zinovelwano kakhulu kuphazamiseko lwe-electromagnetic. Intsimbi yentsimbi inomlinganiselo othile wemagnethi. Kwimeko-bume ye-electromagnetic, iya kuvelisa indawo yamagnetic eyenziwe, eya kuphazamisa imiqondiso yombane wesixhobo sokubona, okukhokelela ekugqwethekeni komqondiso kunye nedatha yokubhaqwa engaqhelekanga.
I-Granite, kwelinye icala, yimathiriyeli ye-antimagnetic kwaye ayifane ihlukaniswe yimagnethi yangaphandle. Ii-electron zangaphakathi zikhona ngambini ngaphakathi kweebhondi zekhemikhali, kwaye ulwakhiwo luzinzile, aluchatshazelwa ngamandla ombane angaphandle. Kwimekobume yemagnethi eyomeleleyo ye-10mT, ukuqina kommandla wemagnethi owenziweyo kumphezulu wegranite ungaphantsi kwe-0.001mT, ngelixa umphezulu wentsimbi etyhidiweyo uphezulu ngaphezu kwe-8mT. Eli nqaku lenza iqonga legranite lenze imeko-bume ecocekileyo ye-electromagnetic yezixhobo zokubona, ngakumbi ezifanelekileyo iimeko ezineemfuno ezingqongqo zengxolo ye-electromagnetic efana nokubhaqwa kwe-quantum chip kunye nobhaqo oluchanekileyo lwesekethe ye-analog ephezulu, ephucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuthembeka kunye nokungaguquguquki kweziphumo zokubhaqa.
Kulwakhiwo lwamaqonga ovavanyo lwe-semiconductor, igranite iye yagqwesa ngokugqibeleleyo imathiriyeli yentsimbi ngenxa yeengenelo zayo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokuxhathisa umhlwa, ukuzinza kunye ne-anti-magnetism. Njengoko itekhnoloji ye-semiconductor ihambela phambili ekuchanekeni okuphezulu, igranite iya kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwezixhobo zovavanyo kunye nokukhuthaza inkqubela phambili yoshishino lwesemiconductor.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-15-2025