Kwishishini lokucubungula igranite kwihlabathi liphela, ngakumbi ekuveliseni amaqonga egranite achanekileyo kakhulu (into ephambili ekulinganiseni ngokuchanekileyo nasekusebenzeni), ukhetho lwezixhobo zokusika lumisela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuchaneka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko zokucubungula okulandelayo. Okwangoku, uninzi lwamashishini okucubungula eTshayina axhomekeke kwizixhobo zokucubungula amatye eziveliswe ekhaya kwimveliso yemihla ngemihla, ngelixa abavelisi abafanelekileyo nabaphezulu bengenise imigca yemveliso yangaphandle ephucukileyo kunye nezixhobo zobugcisa. Olu phuhliso lweendlela ezimbini luqinisekisa ukuba inqanaba lokucubungula igranite laseTshayina lihlala likhuphisana kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe, ngaphandle kokushiyeka emva kwemigangatho ephucukileyo yehlabathi. Phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokusika ezikhoyo, isarha yediski yamatye e-bridge ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo ibe sisisombululo esisetyenziswa kakhulu ekusikeni iqonga legranite, ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kunye nokuzivumelanisa neemfuno zokucubungula ezixabisa kakhulu, ezinobukhulu obuguquguqukayo.
1. Ukusetyenziswa okungundoqo kweeSarha zokusika zohlobo lweBridge ezizenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo
Isarha yediski yelitye ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo yohlobo lwebhulorho yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukusika amaqonga egranite kunye neepleyiti zeplatifomu zemabula—iimveliso ezifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo olungqongqo kunye nexabiso eliphezulu lemarike. Ngokungafaniyo nezixhobo zokusika ezenziwe ngesandla okanye ezizenzekelayo, olu hlobo lwesarha lusebenzisa indawo yokufuduka ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo kwaye lulawulwa yinkqubo yolawulo ekrelekrele. Olu yilo alupheleli nje ekwenzeni lula ukusebenza (ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwisakhono esenziwe ngesandla) kodwa lukwabonelela ngocoselelo olukhethekileyo lokusika (kunye nokuphambuka okulinganiselweyo okulawulekayo ngaphakathi kwee-microns kwiiparameter eziphambili) kunye nokuzinza kokusebenza kwexesha elide. Nokuba kusetyenzwa amaqonga egranite achanekileyo amancinci okusetyenziswa elebhu okanye iipleyiti zeplatifomu ezinkulu zezinga loshishino, izixhobo zinokuziqhelanisa neemfuno zobukhulu obuguquguqukayo ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni umgangatho wokucubungula, okwenza kube yintsika yokwenziwa kwamaqonga egranite anamhlanje.
2. Ulwakhiwo oluneenkcukacha kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza weesarha zokusika amatye
Isarha yokusika yohlobo lwebhulorho ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo idibanisa iinkqubo ezininzi ezintsonkothileyo, nganye idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuchaneka kokusika, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuqina kwezixhobo. Apha ngezantsi kukho uhlalutyo lweenkqubo zayo eziphambili kunye nemigaqo yazo yokusebenza:
2.1 Inkqubo yeNkxaso kunye neSikhokelo esiPhambili seSitimela
Njenge "siseko" sesixhobo siphela, isiporo esikhokelayo kunye nenkqubo yokuxhasa yakhiwe ngezinto ezinamandla aphezulu, ezingagugiyo (ngesiqhelo intsimbi ye-alloy ecinyiweyo okanye isinyithi esichanekileyo). Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo komatshini wonke ngexesha lokusika ngesantya esiphezulu. Ngokunciphisa ukungcangcazela kunye nokufuduka ecaleni, le nkqubo ithintela ukuphambuka kokusika okubangelwa kukungazinzi kwezixhobo— into ephambili ekugcineni ukuba iindawo ezingenanto zeplatifomu yegranite zithe tyaba. Isakhiwo sokuxhasa sikwalungiselelwe amandla okuthwala umthwalo, okwenza sikwazi ukumelana nobunzima beebhloko ezinkulu zegranite (ezihlala zinobunzima beetoni ezininzi) ngaphandle kokuguquka.
2.2 Inkqubo yeSpindle
Inkqubo ye-spindle "yi-precision core" yesarha yokusika, enoxanduva lokubeka ngokuchanekileyo umgama wokuhamba wenqwelo kaloliwe (ebamba idiski yokusika). Kwi-granite platform cutting, ingakumbi xa kusetyenzwa iiplate ze-platform ezibhityileyo kakhulu (ubukhulu obuphantsi njenge-5-10mm kwezinye iimeko), inkqubo ye-spindle kufuneka iqinisekise iziphumo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo: ukusika okuthe tyaba (akukho kugoba komphezulu osikiweyo) kunye nobukhulu obufanayo (ubukhulu obuhambelanayo kulo lonke iqonga elingenanto). Ukufezekisa oku, i-spindle ixhotyiswe ngee-bearings ezichanekileyo kakhulu kunye nendlela yokubeka eqhutywa yi-servo, enokulawula umgama wokuhamba nge-error margin engaphantsi kwe-0.02mm. Eli nqanaba lokuchaneka libeka ngokuthe ngqo isiseko seenkqubo ezilandelayo zokugaya nokupolisha iiplatform ze-granite.
2.3 Inkqubo yokuphakamisa ngokuthe nkqo
Inkqubo yokuphakamisa ngokuthe nkqo ilawula intshukumo ethe nkqo yeblade yesarha, ivumela ukuba ilungise ubunzulu bokusika ngokobukhulu bebhloko yegranite. Le nkqubo iqhutywa sisikrufu sebhola esichanekileyo okanye isilinda yehydraulic (kuxhomekeke kwiinkcukacha zezixhobo), iqinisekisa ukuphakamisa okugudileyo nokuzinzileyo ngaphandle kokushukuma. Ngexesha lokusebenza, inkqubo ilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo indawo ethe nkqo yeblade yesarha ngokusekelwe kwiiparameter ezimiselweyo kwangaphambili (igalelo ngenkqubo yolawulo olukrelekrele), iqinisekisa ukuba ubunzulu bokusika buhambelana nobukhulu obufunekayo beplatifomu yegranite engenanto— ukuphelisa isidingo sokulungiswa ngesandla kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo zomntu.
2.4 Inkqubo Yokushukuma Ethe Tye
Inkqubo yokuhamba ngokuthe tye ivumela intshukumo yokutya kweblade yesarha— inkqubo yokuhambisa iblade yesarha kwicala elithe tye ukuze inqumle ibhloko yegranite. Inzuzo ephambili yale nkqubo sisantya sayo sokutya esihlengahlengiswayo: abaqhubi banokukhetha nasiphi na isantya ngaphakathi koluhlu oluchaziweyo (ngesiqhelo i-0-5m/min) ngokusekwe kubunzima begranite (umz., iintlobo zegranite eziqinileyo ezifana ne-"Jinan Green" zifuna isantya sokutya esicothayo ukuthintela ukuguguleka kweblade yesarha nokuqinisekisa umgangatho wokusika). Intshukumo ethe tye iqhutywa yimoto ye-servo, enika ulawulo lwe-torque oluhambelanayo kunye nesantya, nto leyo ephucula ngakumbi ukuchaneka kokusika.
2.5 Inkqubo yokuthambisa
Ukunciphisa ukungqubana phakathi kwezinto ezihambayo (ezifana neereyile zesikhokelo, iibheringi zespindle, kunye nezikrufu zebhola) kunye nokwandisa ubomi bezixhobo, inkqubo yokuthambisa isebenzisa uyilo lokuthambisa oluphakathi olusebenzisa ioyile-bath. Le nkqubo izisa ngokuzenzekelayo ioyile yokuthambisa kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo ngamaxesha athile, iqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo ezihambayo zisebenza kakuhle kwaye azigugi kakhulu. Uyilo lweoyile-bath lukwathintela uthuli kunye nenkunkuma yegranite ukuba ingangeni kwinkqubo yokuthambisa, igcina ukusebenza kwayo kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kwayo.
2.6 Inkqubo yokupholisa
Ukusikwa kwegranite kuvelisa ubushushu obukhulu (ngenxa yokungqubana phakathi kweblade yesarha kunye nelitye eliqinileyo), okunokonakalisa iblade yesarha (kubangele ubushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nokufiphala) kwaye kuchaphazele ukuchaneka kokusikwa (ngenxa yokwanda kobushushu begranite). Inkqubo yokupholisa ijongana nale ngxaki ngokusebenzisa ipompo yamanzi okupholisa ezinikeleyo ukuhambisa i-coolant ekhethekileyo (eyenzelwe ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nokuphucula ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu) kwindawo yokusikwa. I-coolant ayifunxi nje kuphela ubushushu kwiblade yesarha kunye negranite kodwa ikwasusa inkunkuma yokusikwa, igcina umphezulu wokusikwa ucocekile kwaye ithintela inkunkuma ukuba ingaphazamisi inkqubo yokusikwa. Oku kuqinisekisa ukusebenza rhoqo kokusikwa kwaye kwandisa ubomi benkonzo yeblade yesarha.
2.7 Inkqubo yeebhuleki
Inkqubo yebhuleki yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokhuseleko kunye nokuchaneka, eyilelwe ukumisa ngokukhawuleza nangokuthembekileyo intshukumo yesarha, umqadi onqamlezileyo, okanye imoto kaloliwe xa kufuneka. Isebenzisa indlela yebhuleki ye-electromagnetic okanye ye-hydraulic, enokuthi isebenze ngaphakathi kwee-milliseconds ukuthintela ukuhamba ngaphezulu (ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusika kuyama kanye kwindawo emiselweyo) kwaye kuthintelwe iingozi ezibangelwa kukuhamba okungalindelekanga. Ngexesha lokulungiswa ngesandla okanye ukuvalwa okungxamisekileyo, inkqubo yebhuleki iqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zihlala zimi, ikhusela abaqhubi kunye nomsebenzi wegranite.
2.8 Inkqubo yoLawulo loMbane
Njenge "ngqondo" yesarha yokusika yohlobo lwebhulorho oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo, inkqubo yolawulo lombane ibekwe embindini kwikhabhinethi yolawulo lombane, nto leyo evumela zombini iindlela zokusebenza ngesandla kunye nezenzekelayo. Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka:
- Useto lweParamitha eBukrelekrele: Abaqhubi bangafaka iiparameter zokusika (ezifana nobunzulu bokusika, isantya sokutya, kunye nenani lokusika) nge-interface yesikrini sokuchukumisa, kwaye inkqubo iphumeza ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo yokusika— ukunciphisa iimpazamo zomntu kunye nokuphucula ukuhambelana.
- Ulawulo lwesantya seVariable Frequency (VFD): Isantya sokutya seblade yesarha yokusika ilitye silawulwa yi-variable frequency drive, evumela ukulungiswa kwesantya okungenamagxa. Oku kuthetha ukuba isantya sinokulungiswa ngokuqhubekayo ngaphakathi koluhlu lokusebenza, endaweni yokuba silinganiselwe kumanqanaba esantya asisigxina— uphawu olubalulekileyo lokuziqhelanisa nobunzima begranite obahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zokusika.
- Ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela: Inkqubo ijonga iiparameter ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza (ezifana nesantya se-spindle, ubushushu be-coolant, kunye nemeko ye-brake) ngexesha langempela. Ukuba kufunyenwe into engaqhelekanga (umz., inqanaba eliphantsi le-coolant okanye ubushushu be-spindle obugqithisileyo), inkqubo ivula i-alamu kwaye iyeke umatshini ukuba kuyimfuneko— ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuzinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-21-2025