Ukukhethwa kweqonga lokuhamba elihambayo elisekwe kwigranite elifanelekileyo kwisicelo esithile kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba isicelo ngasinye sineemfuno zaso ezizodwa ekufuneka ziqondwe kwaye zibekwe phambili ukuze kufunyanwe isisombululo esisebenzayo ngokweqonga lokuhamba.
Esinye sezisombululo ezixhaphakileyo sibandakanya ukufaka izigaba zokubeka izinto ezahlukeneyo kwisakhiwo segranite. Esinye isisombululo esiqhelekileyo sidibanisa izinto eziquka ii-axes zokunyakaza ngqo kwigranite ngokwayo. Ukukhetha phakathi kweqonga le-stage-on-granite kunye neqonga le-integrated-granite motion (IGM) sesinye sezigqibo zangaphambili ekufuneka zenziwe kwinkqubo yokukhetha. Kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kweentlobo zombini zezisombululo, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo nganye ineenzuzo zayo - kunye nezilumkiso - ekufuneka ziqondwe ngononophelo kwaye ziqwalaselwe.
Ukuze sinike ulwazi olungcono ngale nkqubo yokwenza izigqibo, sivavanya umahluko phakathi koyilo lweqonga elihambayo elisisiseko elihamba ngomgca — isisombululo sendabuko sesiteji kwigranite, kunye nesisombululo se-IGM — ukusuka kwimbono yobugcisa kunye neyezemali ngendlela yesifundo setyala esithwala oomatshini.
Imvelaphi
Ukuze sihlolisise ukufana kunye nomahluko phakathi kweenkqubo ze-IGM kunye neenkqubo zemveli ze-stage-on-granite, sivelise uyilo lweemeko ezimbini zovavanyo:
- Ukuthwala koomatshini, i-stage-on-granite
- Ukuthwala koomatshini, i-IGM
Kuzo zombini iimeko, inkqubo nganye inee-axis ezintathu zokuhamba. I-Y axis inikezela nge-1000 mm yokuhamba kwaye ikwisiseko sesakhiwo segranite. I-X axis, ekwibhulorho yendibano ene-400 mm yokuhamba, ithwala i-Z-axis ethe nkqo ene-100 mm yokuhamba. Olu lungiselelo lumelwe ngemifanekiso.
Kwisakhiwo se-stage-on-granite, sikhethe i-PRO560LM wide-body stage ye-Y axis ngenxa yomthamo wayo omkhulu wokuthwala umthwalo, oqhelekileyo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zokunyakaza kusetyenziswa olu lungiselelo lwe-“Y/XZ split-bridge”. Kwi-X axis, sikhethe i-PRO280LM, esetyenziswa rhoqo njenge-bridge axis kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo. I-PRO280LM inika ibhalansi esebenzayo phakathi kwe-footprint yayo kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukuthwala i-Z axis kunye nomthwalo womthengi.
Kwimizobo ye-IGM, siphindaphinde ngokusondeleyo iingcamango zoyilo olusisiseko kunye noyilo lwee-axes ezingentla, umahluko ophambili kukuba ii-axes ze-IGM zakhiwe ngqo kwisakhiwo se-granite, kwaye ngenxa yoko azinazo iziseko zezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kuyilo lwe-stage-on-granite.
Ixhaphakile kuzo zombini iimeko zoyilo yi-Z axis, eyakhethwa ukuba ibe yi-PRO190SL ball-drived screw stage. Le yi-axis ethandwa kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa xa ujonge ngokuthe nkqo kwibhulorho ngenxa yomthamo wayo omkhulu womthwalo kunye ne-compact form factor.
Umfanekiso 2 ubonisa iinkqubo ezithile ze-stage-on-granite kunye ne-IGM ezifundwe.
Uthelekiso loBugcisa
Iinkqubo ze-IGM ziyilwe kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwiindlela zemveli zoyilo lwe-stage-on-granite. Ngenxa yoko, kukho iimpawu zobugcisa ezininzi ezifanayo phakathi kweenkqubo ze-IGM kunye neenkqubo ze-stage-on-granite. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukudibanisa ii-axes zokuhamba ngqo kwisakhiwo se-granite kunika iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ezahlula iinkqubo ze-IGM kwiinkqubo ze-stage-on-granite.
Ifomu Factor
Mhlawumbi ukufana okucacileyo kuqala ngesiseko somatshini - igranite. Nangona kukho umahluko kwiimpawu kunye nokunyamezelana phakathi koyilo lwe-stage-on-granite kunye ne-IGM, ubukhulu becala besiseko segranite, ii-risers kunye ne-bridge ziyafana. Oku kungenxa yokuba uhambo oluqhelekileyo kunye nolwe-limited lufana phakathi kwe-stage-on-granite kunye ne-IGM.
Ulwakhiwo
Ukungabikho kweziseko ze-axis ezifakwe ngomatshini kuyilo lwe-IGM kunika iingenelo ezithile kunezisombululo ze-stage-on-granite. Ngokukodwa, ukunciphisa izinto kwi-loop yesakhiwo se-IGM kunceda ukwandisa ukuqina kwe-axis iyonke. Kukwavumela umgama omfutshane phakathi kwesiseko se-granite kunye nomphezulu wenqwelo. Kolu phononongo lwetyala elithile, uyilo lwe-IGM lubonelela ngokuphakama komphezulu womsebenzi okuphantsi ngama-33% (80 mm xa kuthelekiswa ne-120 mm). Olu bude buncinci bokusebenza abuvumeli kuphela uyilo oluncinci ngakumbi, kodwa lukwanciphisa ukususwa komatshini ukusuka kwi-motor kunye ne-encoder ukuya kwindawo yokusebenza, nto leyo ebangela iimpazamo ze-Abbe ezinciphileyo kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwendawo yokusebenza.
Iinxalenye ze-Axis
Xa sijonga nzulu kuyilo, izisombululo ze-stage-on-granite kunye ne-IGM zabelana ngezinto ezibalulekileyo, ezinje ngee-linear motors kunye nee-position encoders. Ukukhethwa kwe-cer kunye ne-magnet track eqhelekileyo kukhokelela kubuchule obufanayo bokukhupha amandla. Ngokufanayo, ukusebenzisa ii-encoders ezifanayo kuzo zombini uyilo kubonelela ngesisombululo esifanelekileyo sokubeka impendulo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuchaneka komgca kunye nokusebenza okuphindaphindwayo akwahlukanga kakhulu phakathi kwezisombululo ze-stage-on-granite kunye ne-IGM. Uyilo olufanayo lwecandelo, kubandakanya ukwahlulwa kweebheringi kunye nokunyamezelana, kukhokelela ekusebenzeni okufana ngokweentshukumo zempazamo zejiyometri (oko kukuthi, ukuthe tye nokuthe nkqo, i-pitch, i-roll kunye ne-yaw). Okokugqibela, izinto ezixhasayo zoyilo zombini, kubandakanya ulawulo lweentambo, imida yombane kunye ne-hardstops, ziyafana ngokusisiseko ngomsebenzi, nangona zinokwahluka kancinci kwimbonakalo yomzimba.
Iibheringi
Kolu yilo lukhethekileyo, omnye weyona mahluko iphawulekayo kukukhethwa kweebheringi ezikhokelayo ezithe ngqo. Nangona iibheringi zebhola ezijikelezayo zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-stage-on-granite kunye ne-IGM, inkqubo ye-IGM yenza kube nokwenzeka ukufaka iibheringi ezinkulu neziqinileyo kuyilo ngaphandle kokunyusa ubude bokusebenza be-axis. Ngenxa yokuba uyilo lwe-IGM luxhomekeke kwi-granite njengesiseko sayo, ngokuchaseneyo nesiseko esahlukileyo secandelo elinomatshini, kunokwenzeka ukubuyisela ezinye zezindlu ezithe nkqo ebezinokusetyenziswa sisiseko esinomatshini, kwaye ngokuyintloko uzalise esi sithuba ngeebheringi ezinkulu ngelixa usanciphisa ubude benqwelo yonke ngaphezu kwe-granite.
Ukuqina
Ukusetyenziswa kweebheringi ezinkulu kuyilo lwe-IGM kunempembelelo enkulu ekuqineni kwe-angular. Kwimeko ye-wide-body lower axis (Y), isisombululo se-IGM sinika ukuqina kwe-roll okungaphezulu kwama-40%, ukuqina kwe-pitch okungaphezulu kwama-30% kunye nokuqina kwe-yaw okungaphezulu kwama-20% kunoyilo oluhambelanayo lwe-stage-on-granite. Ngokufanayo, i-IGM's bridge inikezela ngokunyuka okuphindwe kane kokuqina kwe-roll, ukuqina kwe-pitch okuphindwe kabini kunye nokuqina kwe-yaw okungaphezulu kwama-30% kunomlingani wayo we-stage-on-granite. Ukuqina kwe-angular okuphezulu kuluncedo kuba kunegalelo ngokuthe ngqo ekuphuculweni kokusebenza okuguquguqukayo, okubalulekileyo ekuvumeleni ukusebenza okuphezulu komatshini.
Umthamo woMthwalo
Iibheringi ezinkulu zesisombululo se-IGM zivumela umthamo womthwalo ophezulu kakhulu kunesisombululo se-stage-on-granite. Nangona i-PRO560LM base-axis yesisombululo se-stage-on-granite inomthamo womthwalo we-150 kg, isisombululo se-IGM esifanelekileyo sinokuthwala umthwalo womthwalo we-300 kg. Ngokufanayo, i-PRO280LM bridge axis ye-stage-on-granite ixhasa i-150 kg, ngelixa i-IGM bridge axis yesisombululo se-IGM inokuthwala ukuya kuthi ga kwi-200 kg.
Ukuhambisa iMisa
Nangona iibheringi ezinkulu kwii-axes ze-IGM ezithwala umatshini zibonelela ngeempawu zokusebenza ezingcono ze-angular kunye nomthamo omkhulu wokuthwala umthwalo, zikwaza neelori ezinkulu nezinzima. Ukongeza, ii-carriages ze-IGM zenzelwe ukuba ezinye iimpawu ezisetyenzisiweyo ezifunekayo kwi-axis ye-stage-on-granite (kodwa ezingafunwa yi-axis ye-IGM) zisuswe ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina kwenxalenye kwaye kube lula ukwenziwa. Ezi zinto zithetha ukuba i-axis ye-IGM inobunzima obukhulu bokuhamba kune-axis ye-stage-on-granite ehambelanayo. Ingxaki engenakuphikiswa kukuba ukukhawulezisa okuphezulu kwe-IGM kuphantsi, kucingelwa ukuba amandla emoto awatshintshi. Sekunjalo, kwiimeko ezithile, ubunzima obukhulu bokuhamba bunokuba luncedo kwimbono yokuba i-inertia yayo enkulu inokubonelela ngokumelana okukhulu nokuphazamiseka, okunokuhambelana nokuqina okuphezulu kwindawo.
IiDynamics zoLwakhiwo
Ukuqina okuphezulu kwebhereyitha kunye nekharityhulam eqinileyo yenkqubo ye-IGM zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezongezelelweyo ezibonakalayo emva kokusebenzisa iphakheji yesoftware yohlalutyo lwe-finite-element (FEA) ukwenza uhlalutyo lwe-modal. Kolu phononongo, sihlolisise i-resonance yokuqala yekharityhulam ehambayo ngenxa yempembelelo yayo kwi-bandwidth ye-servo. Ikharityhulam ye-PRO560LM idibana ne-resonance kwi-400 Hz, ngelixa ikharityhulam ye-IGM ehambelanayo ifumana imo efanayo kwi-430 Hz. Umfanekiso 3 ubonisa esi siphumo.
Ukuphakama kwesisombululo se-IGM, xa kuthelekiswa ne-stage-on-granite yendabuko, kunokubangelwa ngokuyinxenye yinqwelo eqinileyo kunye noyilo lweebheringi. Ukuphakama kwenqwelo ephezulu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ne-servo bandwidth enkulu kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo.
Indawo yokusebenza
Ukutywinwa kwe-axis phantse kusoloko kuyimfuneko xa kukho izinto ezingcolisayo, nokuba zenziwe ngenkqubo yomsebenzisi okanye zikhona kwindawo yomatshini. Izisombululo ze-stage-on-granite zifanelekile ngakumbi kwezi meko ngenxa yendalo ye-axis evaliweyo. Izigaba ze-PRO-series linear, umzekelo, ziza zixhotyiswe ngezigqubuthelo eziqinileyo kunye nezitywino ezisecaleni ezikhusela izinto zesigaba sangaphakathi ekungcoleni ukuya kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. Ezi zigaba zinokucwangciswa ngee-wipers zetafile ezikhethiweyo zokususa inkunkuma kwi-hardcover ephezulu njengoko isiteji sidlula. Kwelinye icala, amaqonga entshukumo ye-IGM avulekile ngokwemvelo, kunye neebheringi, ii-motor kunye nee-encoders ezivezwe. Nangona kungengongxaki kwiindawo ezicocekileyo, oku kunokuba yingxaki xa kukho ungcoliseko. Kunokwenzeka ukujongana nale ngxaki ngokufaka i-bellows-style way-cover ekhethekileyo kuyilo lwe-IGM axis ukubonelela ngokhuseleko kwinkunkuma. Kodwa ukuba ayisetyenziswanga ngokuchanekileyo, i-bellows inokuchaphazela kakubi intshukumo ye-axis ngokunika amandla angaphandle kwinqwelo njengoko ihamba kuluhlu lwayo olupheleleyo lokuhamba.
Ulondolozo
Ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo kuyahlula phakathi kwamaqonga entshukumo e-stage-on-granite kunye ne-IGM. Ii-axes ze-linear-motor zaziwa ngokuqina kwazo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kuba yimfuneko ukwenza ulondolozo. Imisebenzi ethile yolondolozo ilula kwaye inokwenziwa ngaphandle kokususa okanye ukwahlula i-axis ekuthethwa ngayo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka i-teardown ecokisekileyo. Xa iqonga lokunyakaza linezigaba ezahlukeneyo ezifakwe kwi-granite, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo ngumsebenzi olula ngokufanelekileyo. Okokuqala, susa iqonga kwi-granite, emva koko wenze umsebenzi wokulungisa ofunekayo kwaye ulifake kwakhona. Okanye, faka nje inqanaba elitsha endaweni yalo.
Izisombululo ze-IGM ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba nzima ngakumbi xa kusenziwa ulondolozo. Nangona ukutshintsha umkhondo omnye wemagnethi we-linear motor kulula kakhulu kule meko, ulondolozo olunzima ngakumbi kunye nokulungiswa kudla ngokubandakanya ukuqhekeza ngokupheleleyo uninzi okanye zonke izinto eziquka i-axis, nto leyo ethatha ixesha elininzi xa izinto zifakelwe ngqo kwi-granite. Kunzima ngakumbi ukulungelelanisa ii-axes ezisekelwe kwi-granite enye kwenye emva kokwenza ulondolozo - umsebenzi olula ngakumbi ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo.
Itheyibhile 1. Isishwankathelo somahluko osisiseko wobugcisa phakathi kwezisombululo ze-stage-on-granite ezithwala oomatshini kunye nezisombululo ze-IGM.
| Inkcazo | Inkqubo yeStage-on-Granite, iMechanical Bearing | Inkqubo ye-IGM, iBearing yeMechanical | |||
| Isiseko se-Axis (Y) | I-Bridge Axis (X) | Isiseko se-Axis (Y) | I-Bridge Axis (X) | ||
| Ukuqina Okuqhelekileyo | Ithe nkqo | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
| Icala | 1.5 | ||||
| Iphimbo | 1.3 | 2.0 | |||
| Roll | 1.4 | 4.1 | |||
| Yaw | 1.2 | 1.3 | |||
| Umthamo woMthwalo (kg) | 150 | 150 | 300 | 200 | |
| Ubunzima bokuHamba (kg) | 25 | 14 | 33 | 19 | |
| Ubude beTabletop (mm) | 120 | 120 | 80 | 80 | |
| Ukutywinwa | Izivalo eziqinileyo kunye nezisecaleni zikhusela kwimfucuza engena kwi-axis. | I-IGM idla ngokuba yidizayini evulekileyo. Ukutywina kufuna ukongezwa kwesigqubuthelo esifana neso. | |||
| Inkonzo esemgangathweni | Izigaba zecandelo zingasuswa kwaye zilungiswe okanye zitshintshwe lula. | Ii-axes zakhelwe ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo segranite, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukulungiswa kube nzima ngakumbi. | |||
Uthelekiso lwezoqoqosho
Nangona ixabiso elipheleleyo layo nayiphi na inkqubo yokuhamba liya kwahluka ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo kuquka ubude bohambo, ukuchaneka kwe-axis, umthamo womthwalo kunye nobuchule obuguqukayo, uthelekiso oluhambelanayo lweenkqubo ze-IGM ezifanayo kunye neenkqubo ze-stage-on-granite motion ezenziwe kolu phononongo lubonisa ukuba izisombululo ze-IGM ziyakwazi ukubonelela ngentshukumo ephakathi ukuya kwephezulu ngexabiso eliphantsi ngokuphakathi kunezo zifana nazo ze-stage-on-granite.
Uphononongo lwethu lwezoqoqosho luqulathe izinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo zexabiso: iindawo zoomatshini (kuquka zombini iindawo ezenziweyo kunye nezinto ezithengiweyo), indibano yegranite, kunye nomsebenzi kunye neendleko eziphezulu.
Iinxalenye zoomatshini
Isisombululo se-IGM sinika ukonga okuphawulekayo kwisisombululo se-stage-on-granite ngokubhekiselele kumacandelo oomatshini. Oku kungenxa yokunqongophala kwe-IGM kwiziseko zesigaba ezicwangcisiweyo ngoomatshini kwi-axes ze-Y kunye ne-X, ezongeza ubunzima kunye neendleko kwizisombululo ze-stage-on-granite. Ngaphezu koko, ukonga iindleko kunokubangelwa kukwenziwa lula kwezinye iindawo ezicwangcisiweyo kwisisombululo se-IGM, njengeenqwelo ezihambayo, ezinokuba neempawu ezilula kunye nokunyamezelana okukhululekileyo xa zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwinkqubo ye-IGM.
Iindibano zeGranite
Nangona iindibano zegranite base-riser-bridge kuzo zombini iinkqubo ze-IGM kunye neze-stage-on-granite zibonakala zinesimo esifanayo kunye nembonakalo, indibano yegranite ye-IGM ibiza kancinci. Oku kungenxa yokuba igranite kwisisombululo se-IGM ithatha indawo yeziseko zesigaba ezenziwe ngomatshini kwisisombululo se-stage-on-granite, nto leyo efuna ukuba igranite ibe nokunyamezelana okuqinileyo kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo, kunye neempawu ezongezelelweyo, ezifana nokunqunyulwa okukhutshiweyo kunye/okanye ukufakwa kwentsimbi enemisonto, umzekelo. Nangona kunjalo, kwisifundo sethu semeko, ubunzima obongezelelweyo besakhiwo segranite bungaphezulu kokulungiswa kwiindawo zomatshini.
Umsebenzi kunye nokuPhelela
Ngenxa yokufana okuninzi ekuhlanganiseni nasekuvavanyeni iinkqubo ze-IGM kunye neenkqubo ze-stage-on-granite, akukho mahluko mkhulu kwiindleko zabasebenzi kunye nezo zingaphezulu.
Nje ukuba zonke ezi zinto zeendleko zidityanisiwe, isisombululo esithile se-IGM esithwala umatshini esihlolisiswe kolu phononongo sibiza kancinci nge-15% kunesisombululo se-mechanical-bearing, stage-on-granite.
Kakade ke, iziphumo zohlalutyo lwezoqoqosho azixhomekekanga kuphela kwiimpawu ezifana nobude bohambo, ukuchaneka kunye nomthamo womthwalo, kodwa nakwizinto ezifana nokukhetha umthengisi wegranite. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuqwalasela iindleko zokuthumela kunye nezothutho ezinxulumene nokuthenga isakhiwo segranite. Iluncedo ngakumbi kwiinkqubo zegranite ezinkulu kakhulu, nangona ziyinyani kuzo zonke iisayizi, ukukhetha umthengisi wegranite ofanelekileyo okufutshane nendawo yendibano yokugqibela yenkqubo kunokunceda ukunciphisa iindleko.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba olu hlalutyo aluqwalaseli iindleko emva kokusetyenziswa. Umzekelo, masithi kuyimfuneko ukulungisa inkqubo yokuhamba ngokulungisa okanye ukutshintsha i-axis of motion. Inkqubo ye-stage-on-granite inokwenziwa ngokususa nokulungisa/ukutshintsha i-axis echaphazelekayo. Ngenxa yoyilo lwe-modular-style stage, oku kungenziwa ngokulula nangesantya, nangona iindleko zokuqala zenkqubo ziphezulu. Nangona iinkqubo ze-IGM ngokubanzi zinokufunyanwa ngexabiso eliphantsi kunezo zifana nazo ze-stage-on-granite, kunokuba nzima ngakumbi ukuziqhekeza nokuzilungisa ngenxa yendalo yokwakha edibeneyo.
Isiphelo
Ngokucacileyo uhlobo ngalunye loyilo lweqonga lokushukuma — i-stage-on-granite kunye ne-IGM — lunokubonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, akusoloko kucacile ukuba loluphi ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwisicelo esithile sokushukuma. Ke ngoko, kuluncedo kakhulu ukusebenzisana nomthengisi weenkqubo zokushukuma kunye nokuzenzekelayo onamava, njenge-Aerotech, enika indlela egxile kwisicelo, yokubonisana ejolise ngokucacileyo ekuphononongeni nasekuboneleleni ngengcaciso ebalulekileyo kwiindlela ezizezinye zezisombululo kunolawulo lokushukuma kunye nezicelo zokuzenzekelayo ezicel’ umngeni. Ukuqonda kungekuphela nje umahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini zezisombululo zokuzenzekelayo, kodwa kunye neempawu ezisisiseko zeengxaki ekufuneka zisombululwe, sisitshixo sempumelelo ekukhetheni inkqubo yokushukuma ejongana neenjongo zobugcisa nezemali zeprojekthi.
Ukusuka kwi-AEROTECH.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-31-2021