Iireli zesikhokelo semabula zibubungqina bendlela iinkqubo zejoloji zendalo ezinokusetyenziswa ngayo kubunjineli obuchanekileyo. Zenziwe ngeeminerali ezifana ne-plagioclase, i-olivine, kunye ne-biotite, ezi zinto zidlula kwizigidi zeminyaka yokuguga kwendalo phantsi komhlaba, nto leyo ephumela kwizixhobo ezinobume obugqwesileyo. Ukukhanya kwazo okumnyama okwahlukileyo kunye nobume obufanayo azibonisi nje ubuhle—ziimpawu ezibonakalayo zozinzo lwangaphakathi ezenza ezi reli zibe yimfuneko kwiindawo zokwenza ngokuchanekileyo.
Eyona nto iphambili, iireli zesikhokelo semabula zisebenza indima ebalulekileyo emibini: ukuxhasa izixhobo zoomatshini abanzima ngelixa zigcina iindlela ezichanekileyo zokuhamba. Kwiindawo zokwenza izinto kwihlabathi liphela, ezi reli ziqinisekisa ngokuzolileyo ukuba izixhobo zokusika, izixhobo zokulinganisa, kunye neerobhothi zokuhlanganisa zihamba ngokuchanekileyo kwinqanaba le-micron naphantsi kwemithwalo eyahlukeneyo. Okwenza oku kusebenze kuphawuleke yindlela ephuma ngayo kwiimpawu zendalo zezixhobo endaweni yeenkqubo zokuhlawula oomatshini ezintsonkothileyo.
Iimfuneko zoyilo lwala macandelo emizi-mveliso zibonisa amashumi eminyaka ophuculo lobunjineli. Ukuchaneka kwesikhokelo kusabalulekile—ukunyamezelana kwemveliso yanamhlanje kufuna ukuba iindawo ezihambayo zigcine ukuthe tye ngaphakathi kwe-intshi enye ubude bayo yonke ireyile. Oku kuchaneka kufuneka kuqhubeke nokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo, yiyo loo nto ukumelana nokuguguleka kufumana ingqwalasela ecokisekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokugqiba. Iinjineli ziphucula ubulukhuni bomphezulu ngokupolisha okulawulwayo ngelixa ziqinisekisa ukuba ubume be-microscopic bukhuthaza ukugcinwa kokuthambisa rhoqo.
Uzinzo lokusingqongileyo luzisa omnye umngeni wobunjineli ojongwa kakuhle ziireyili zemabula. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iindlela zesinyithi ezikhula kakhulu ngokuguquguquka kobushushu, ukwakheka kwezimbiwa zemabula kubonelela nge-inertia yendalo yobushushu. Olu phawu lubonakala lubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo apho iinkqubo zoomatshini zivelisa ubushushu bendawo okanye utshintsho lwemozulu yexesha elithile luchaphazela iimeko zokusingqongileyo. Ngokufanayo, ukuqina kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kususa imfuneko yezakhiwo ezixhasayo ezintsonkothileyo, njengoko icandelo elinye lereyile linokumelana nemithwalo emikhulu ngaphandle kokujika.
Izinto eziqwalaselweyo malunga nokuveliswa zilungelelanisa ezi mfuno zokusebenza neemfuno zemveliso ezisebenzayo. Ngelixa izinto eziluhlaza zifuna izixhobo zokusika ezikhethekileyo, ukufana kwendalo kwemabula kuvumela iziphumo zoomatshini ezihambelanayo kuyo yonke imisebenzi yemveliso. Iinkqubo zokuhlanganisa ziyazuza kukuzinza kobukhulu bezinto—xa sele zigutyungelwe ngokuchanekileyo, iireli zemabula zigcina ubungakanani bazo obulinganisiweyo kulo lonke ixesha lokusebenza kwazo, ngokungafaniyo neentsimbi ezinokuthi zifune ukulungiswa rhoqo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezi zinto zelitye ezenziwe ngobunjineli kugubungela amashishini ahlukeneyo. Kwimizi-mveliso yeemoto, zikhokela iingalo zokuwelda zerobhothi ngokuchanekileyo. Izakhiwo zePetrochemical ziyawuxabisa ukumelana kwazo nokugqwala xa zibeka izixhobo zokuthatha iisampulu kwiindawo ezinzima. Imizi-mveliso yombane ixhomekeke ekuzinzeni kwazo ukuze zihlanganise kwaye zigcine i-turbine. Kwanakwimveliso yelaphu, ii-marble rails ziqinisekisa uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lwelaphu ngexesha leenkqubo zokuluka.
Okwahlukanisa ngokwenene iireli zesikhokelo zemabula kwizinto ezizezinye yindlela ezibonisa ngayo ukudibana kozinzo lwejoloji kunye nokuchaneka kobunjineli. Uloliwe ngamnye uphethe izigidi zeminyaka yokwakheka kwendalo, ophuculwe ngeendlela zanamhlanje zokwenza imveliso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso yenkulungwane yama-21. Njengoko ukunyamezelana kwemveliso kuqhubeka kuncipha kwaye imithetho yokusingqongileyo ikhula ngokungqongqo, iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zezi zinto zelitye lendalo zizibeka njengesisombululo esizinzileyo solawulo lokuhamba ngokuchanekileyo oludibanisa iinkqubo zakudala zejoloji kunye nezicelo zoshishino eziphambili.
Kwiinjineli kunye nabaphathi bezakhiwo abavavanya izisombululo zokulawula intshukumo, iireyile zesikhokelo semabula zibonelela ngomxube onomtsalane weempawu zokusebenza okunzima ukuzifanisa nezinye iindlela zokwenziwa. Ukukwazi kwazo ukugcina ukuchaneka kwiminyaka emininzi yenkonzo, ukumelana nokonakaliswa kwendalo, kunye nokusebenza ngaphandle kweenkqubo zokulungisa ezintsonkothileyo kuzenza zibe yiteknoloji eyintloko kwiindawo zokwenza ngokuchanekileyo kwihlabathi liphela. Njengoko amashishini eqhubeka nokunciphisa imida yoko kunokwenzeka kubunjineli bokuchaneka, ezi zinto zendalo-litye ziya kuhlala ziphambili kubuchule bokuvelisa.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-06-2025