Kwizixhobo zolawulo lwamanani ze-CNC, nangona iipropathi ezibonakalayo zegranite zibonelela ngesiseko sokulungiswa kokuchaneka okuphezulu, imiqobo yayo engokwemvelo inokuba neempembelelo ezininzi ekuqhubekekeni kokuchaneka, ezibonakaliswa ngokuthe ngqo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Iziphene zomphezulu ekusetyenzweni okubangelwa kukonakala kwezinto
Ubume be-brittle ye-granite (amandla aphezulu oxinzelelo kodwa amandla aphantsi okuguquguqukayo, ngokuqhelekileyo amandla e-flexural kuphela i-1/10 ukuya kwi-1/20 yamandla oxinzelelo) yenza kube lula kwiingxaki ezifana nokuqhekeka komphetho kunye ne-microcracks yomhlaba ngexesha lokucubungula.
Iziphene zeMicroscopic zichaphazela ukuhanjiswa ngokuchanekileyo: Xa usenza ukugaya okanye ukugaya okuphezulu, ukuqhekeka okuncinci kwiindawo zoqhagamshelwano zesixhobo kunokwenza iindawo ezingaqhelekanga, ezibangela ukuba iimpazamo ezichanekileyo zamacandelo abalulekileyo afana neereyili zesikhokelo kunye neetafile zokusebenzela ukwandisa (umzekelo, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-flatness kuyancipha ukusuka kwi-± 1μm / m ukuya kwi-± 3 ~ 5μm / m). Ezi ziphene microscopic ziya kudluliselwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezicutshungulwayo, ingakumbi kwiimeko processing ezifana amacandelo optical ngokuchaneka kunye abathwali semiconductor wafer, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekwandeni uburhabaxa komhlaba workpiece (ixabiso Ra ukwanda ukusuka 0.1μm ukuya phezu 0.5μm), echaphazela ukusebenza optical okanye ukusebenza isixhobo.
Umngcipheko wokuphuka ngokukhawuleza ekuqhubeni okuguquguqukayo: Kwiimeko zokusika isantya esiphezulu (njengesantya se-spindle> 15,000 r / min) okanye izinga lokutya> 20m / min, amacandelo e-granite anokufumana ukuhlukana kwendawo ngenxa yempembelelo yangoko nangoko. Umzekelo, xa isibini sikaloliwe esikhokelayo sitshintsha indlela ngokukhawuleza, ukuqhekeka komphetho kunokubangela ukuba umkhondo oshukumayo ujike kwindlela yethiyori, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni ngokukhawuleza kokuchaneka kokuma (impazamo yokumisa iyanda ukusuka ku ± 2μm ukuya ngaphezulu kwe ± 10μm), kwaye ide ikhokelele kungquzulwano lwesixhobo kunye nokukhuhla.
Okwesibini, ukulahleka kokuchaneka okuguquguqukayo okubangelwa ukuchasana phakathi kobunzima kunye nokuqina
Ipropathi exineneyo ephezulu yegraniti (enoxinano olumalunga ne-2.6 ukuya kwi-3.0g/cm³) inokucinezela ukungcangcazela, kodwa ikwazisa ezi ngxaki zilandelayo:
Amandla angasebenziyo abangela i-servo response lag: I-inertial force eveliswa ziibhedi ezinzima zegranite (ezifana neebhedi ezinkulu zomatshini we-gantry ezinobunzima bamashumi eetoni) ngexesha lokukhawulezisa kunye nokuncipha kwesantya kunyanzela i-servo motor ukuba ikhuphe itorque enkulu, okukhokelela ekwandeni kwempazamo yokulandela umkhondo we-loop. Umzekelo, kwiinkqubo zesantya esiphezulu eziqhutywa ziinjini zemigca, kuzo zonke iipesenti ezili-10 zokunyuka kobunzima, ukuchaneka kokumisa kunokwehla nge-5% ukuya kwi-8%. Ngokukodwa kwi-nanoscale processing scenarios, le lag ingakhokelela kwiimpazamo zokucubungula i-contour (ezifana nephutha lokujikeleza elinyuka ukusuka kwi-50nm ukuya kwi-200nm ngexesha lokuguqulwa kwesetyhula).
Ukungonelanga kokuqina kubangela ukungcangcazela okuphantsi: Nangona igranite inomdambisi ophakamileyo wendalo, imodulus elastiki (malunga ne-60 ukuya kwi-120GPa) ingaphantsi kunaleyo yentsimbi. Xa iphantsi kwemithwalo etshintshanayo (njengokuguquguquka kwamandla okusika ngexesha lokudibanisa i-multi-axis yokudibanisa), ukuqokelelwa kwe-micro-deformation kungenzeka. Umzekelo, kwicandelo lokujingisisa lentloko yeziko lomatshini elinee-axis ezintlanu, ukuguqulwa kwe-elastic encinci yesiseko segranite kunokubangela ukuchaneka kokuma kwe-angular ye-axis ejikelezayo ukuba ikhukuliseke (njengempazamo yesalathiso esanda ukusuka ku-± 5 "ukuya ku-±15"), echaphazela ukuchaneka komatshini wemigangatho egobileyo.
Iii. Unyino loZinzo lweThermal kunye nokuSensitivity kokuSingqongileyo
Nangona i-coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-thermal ye-granite (malunga ne-5 ukuya kwi-9×10⁻⁶/℃) ingaphantsi kuneyentsimbi etyhidiweyo, isenokubangela iimpazamo ekuqhubeni ngokuchanekileyo:
Iqondo lobushushu leqondo lobushushu libangela uguquko lwesakhiwo: Xa isixhobo sisebenza ngokuqhubekayo ixesha elide, imithombo yobushushu efana neyona shaft ingundoqo yemoto kunye nesikhokelo senkqubo yokuthambisa kaloliwe inokubangela ukuthambeka kobushushu kumacandelo egranite. Umzekelo, xa umahluko weqondo lobushushu phakathi kwemiphezulu engaphezulu nesezantsi yetafile yokusebenzela iyi-2℃, inokubangela uguquko oluphakathi kweconvex okanye phakathi kweconcave (ukuphambuka kunokufikelela kwi-10 ukuya kwi-20μm), okukhokelela ekungaphumeleli kokutyaba kwesixhobo sokusebenza esibambekayo kunye nokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kokuhambelana kokusila okanye ukuguba ukuguqa ukuya kungqimba lwe-5 ±20μm).
Ukufuma kokusingqongileyo kubangela ukwanda okuncinci: Nangona izinga lokufunxa kwamanzi kwi-granite (0.1% ukuya kwi-0.5%) liphantsi, xa lisetyenziswe ixesha elide kwindawo enomswakama ophezulu, umkhondo wokufunxa kwamanzi unokukhokelela ekwandiseni i-lattice, nto leyo eyenza utshintsho kwi-fit clearance ye-guide yesikhokelo sikaloliwe. Umzekelo, xa ukufuma kunyuka ukusuka kwi-40% ye-RH ukuya kwi-70% ye-RH, i-dimension ye-linear ye-rail yesikhokelo se-granite inokunyuka nge-0.005 ukuya kwi-0.01mm / m, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni kokuhamba kakuhle kwe-sliding guide rail movement kunye nesehlo se-"crawling" echaphazela i-feed accuracy.
Iv. Iziphumo ezongezelekayo zokuLungisa kunye neempazamo zeNdibano
Ubunzima bokucubungula i-granite buphezulu (idinga izixhobo zedayimane ezikhethekileyo, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-1/3 ukuya kwi-1/2 yezixhobo zetsimbi), okunokukhokelela ekulahlekeni kokuchaneka kwinkqubo yokuhlanganisa:
Ukusetyenzwa kwempazamo yokuhanjiswa komphezulu wokukhwelana: Ukuba kukho ukunxaxha kokulungiswa (okufana nokusicaba> 5μm, impazamo yokushiya isithuba somngxuma> 10μm) kwiindawo eziphambili ezifana nomphezulu wofakelo lukaloliwe wesikhokelo kunye nemingxuma yokuxhasa isikhonkwane esikhokelela, kuya kubangela ukugqwetheka komgaqo kaloliwe ozalanayo emva kofakelo, ukulayishwa kwangaphambili okungalinganiyo kwesikrufu sebhola, kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelele ekuwohlokeni kwentshukumo. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lokudibanisa i-axis-axis emithathu, impazamo yokuma okubangelwa ukugqwethwa komzila wesikhokelo inokwandisa impazamo yobude be-diagonal yetyhubhu ukusuka ku-± 10μm ukuya ku-± 50μm.
Umsantsa we-interface wesakhiwo esidibeneyo: Amacandelo e-granite ezixhobo ezikhulu zihlala zithatha iindlela zokuhlanganisa (ezifana ne-multi-section bed splicing). Ukuba kukho iimpazamo ezincinci ze-angular (> 10 ") okanye uburhabaxa bomphezulu > i-Ra0.8μm kumphezulu wokudibanisa, ukugxininiswa koxinzelelo okanye izithuba ezinokuthi zenzeke emva kokuhlanganisana. Ngaphantsi komthwalo wexesha elide, kunokukhokelela ekuphumleni kwesakhiwo kwaye kubangele ukuchaneka kokuchaneka (njengokuncipha kwe-2 ukuya kwi-5μm ekumiseni ukuchaneka unyaka ngamnye).
Isishwankathelo kunye nokumelana neempembelelo
Ukungalungi kwegranite kune-covert, cumulative kunye nefuthe elinovakalelo lokusingqongileyo ekuchanekeni kwezixhobo ze-CNC, kwaye kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo ngeendlela ezifana nokuguqulwa kwezinto (ezifana ne-resin impregnation ukuqinisa ukuqina), ukulungiswa kwezakhiwo (ezifana ne-metal-granite composite frames), iteknoloji yokulawula i-thermal kunye ne-compensuch technology ukulinganisa ixesha langempela nge-laser interferometer). Kwintsimi ye-nanoscale precision processing, kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba kuqhutywe ulawulo olupheleleyo ekukhethweni kwezinto eziphathekayo, iteknoloji yokucubungula kuyo yonke inkqubo yomatshini ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo iingenelo zokusebenza kwegranite ngelixa uphepha iziphene zayo zendalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-24-2025