Yintoni i-NDE?

Yintoni i-NDE?

Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) ligama elisoloko lisetyenziswa ngokutshintshanayo ne-NDT.Nangona kunjalo, ngokobuchwephesha, i-NDE isetyenziselwa ukuchaza imilinganiselo enobungakanani kwindalo.Umzekelo, indlela ye-NDE ayizukufumana kuphela isiphene, kodwa iya kusetyenziswa ukulinganisa into malunga neso siphene njengobungakanani bayo, imilo, kunye nokuqhelaniswa nayo.I-NDE ingasetyenziselwa ukumisela iimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo, ezifana nokuqina kwe-fracture, formability, kunye nezinye iimpawu zomzimba.

Ezinye i-NDT/NDE Technologies:

Abantu abaninzi sele beqhelene nobunye ubuchwephesha obusetyenziswa kwi-NDT kunye ne-NDE ekusebenziseni kwabo kwishishini lezonyango.Uninzi lwabantu luye lwathathwa i-X-reyi kwaye oomama abaninzi baye bafumana i-ultrasound esetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukunika usana lwabo uvavanyo ngelixa besesesibelekweni.I-X-rays kunye ne-ultrasound zimbalwa zetekhnoloji ezisetyenziswa kwintsimi ye-NDT/NDE.Inani leendlela zokuhlola libonakala likhula imihla ngemihla, kodwa isishwankathelo esikhawulezayo seendlela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo zinikezelwa ngezantsi.

UVavanyo oluBonakalayo nolubonakalayo (VT)

Eyona ndlela isisiseko ye-NDT luviwo olubonwayo.Abavavanyi ababonayo balandela iinkqubo ezisusela ekujongeni nje indawo ethile ukuze babone ukuba ukungafezeki komphezulu kuyabonakala na, ukuya ekusebenziseni iinkqubo zekhamera ezilawulwa yikhompyutha ukuze bazibone ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye balinganise iimpawu zecandelo.

Iradiyografi (RT)

I-RT ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-gamma- okanye i-X-radiation yokugqobhoza izinto kunye neziphene zemveliso kunye neempawu zangaphakathi.Umatshini we-X-reyi okanye isotope ye-radioactive isetyenziswa njengomthombo wokusasazeka kwemitha.Imitha ijoliswa ngendawo ethile nakwifilim okanye enye imidiya.I-shadowgraph ephumelayo ibonisa iimpawu zangaphakathi kunye nesandi senxalenye.Ubunzima bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokuguqulwa kobuninzi buboniswa njengeendawo ezikhanyayo okanye ezimnyama kwifilimu.Iindawo ezimnyama kwi-radiograph engezantsi zibonisa i-voids yangaphakathi kwicandelo.

UVavanyo lweNcam yemagnethi (MT)

Le ndlela ye-NDT ifezekiswa ngokunyanzeliswa kwemagnethi kwisixhobo se-ferromagnetic kwaye emva koko uthulile umphezulu ngamasuntswana entsimbi (inokuba yomile okanye inqunyanyiswe kulwelo).Umphezulu kunye neziphene ezikufuphi nomphezulu zivelisa izibonda zemagneti okanye zigqwetha imagnethi ngendlela yokuba amasuntswana entsimbi atsale kwaye agxile.Oku kuvelisa isibonakaliso esibonakalayo sesiphene kumphezulu wezinto eziphathekayo.Le mifanekiso ingezantsi ibonisa icandelo ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlolwa usebenzisa amasuntswana omileyo amagnetic.

Uvavanyo lweUltrasonic (UT)

Kuvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic, amaza esandi aphezulu athunyelwa kwisixhobo ukubona ukungafezeki okanye ukufumana utshintsho kwiipropathi zezinto.Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yovavanyo lwe-ultrasonic yi-pulse echo, apho isandi singeniswa kwinto yovavanyo kunye nemiboniso (echoes) ukusuka kukungafezeki kwangaphakathi okanye indawo yejiyometri yenxalenye ibuyiselwa kumamkeli.Ngezantsi ngumzekelo wokuhlolwa kwe-shear wave weld.Qaphela isalathiso esolulela kwimida ephezulu yesikrini.Olu phawu luveliswa sisandi esibonakaliswa sisiphene esingaphakathi kwiweld.

Uvavanyo olungeneyo (PT)

Into yokuvavanya ifakwe kwisisombululo esinedayi ebonakalayo okanye ye-fluorescent.Isisombululo esigqithileyo siyasuswa kumphezulu wento kodwa siyishiye kwindawo yokuqhekeka komphezulu iziphene.Umphuhlisi ke uyasetyenziswa ukutsala umngeneleli ngaphandle kweziphene.Ngedayi ze-fluorescent, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kusetyenziselwa ukwenza i-bleedout fluoresce eqaqambileyo, ngaloo ndlela ivumela ukungafezeki ukuba kubonakale ngokukhawuleza.Ngedayi ezibonakalayo, ukuchasana kombala ocacileyo phakathi kokungena kunye nomphuhlisi kwenza "ukuphuma kwegazi" kube lula ukubona.Iimpawu ezibomvu ezingezantsi zibonisa inani leziphene kweli candelo.

Uvavanyo loMbane woMbane (ET)

Imisinga yombane (i-eddy currents) iveliswa kwizinto eziqhubayo ngokutshintsha kwamagnetic field.Amandla ale misinga eddy anokulinganisa.Iziphene zezinto eziphathekayo zibangela ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwemisinga yeeddy elumkisa umhloli kubukho besiphene.Imisinga ye-Eddy iphinda ichaphazeleke ngokuhambisa kombane kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwamagnetic kwezinto, okwenza kube lula ukuhlenga ezinye izinto ezisekelwe kwezi zakhiwo.Igcisa elingezantsi lihlola iphiko lenqwelomoya ukuba alinaziphene.

Uvavanyo lokuvuza (LT)

Iindlela ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa kunye nokufumana ukuvuza kwiindawo zoxinzelelo, iinqanawa zoxinzelelo, kunye nezakhiwo.Ukuvuza kwamanzi kunokubonwa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokumamela zombane, imilinganiselo yegeyiji yoxinzelelo, ulwelo kunye neendlela zokungena kwerhasi, kunye/okanye uvavanyo olulula lweqamza lesepha.

UVavanyo lwe-Acoustic Emission (AE)

Xa kugxininiswa imathiriyeli eyomeleleyo, ukungafezeki kwisixhobo kukhupha ugqabhuko olufutshane lwamandla okuvakala okubizwa ngokuba “kukukhupha.”Njengoko kuvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic, ukukhutshwa kwe-acoustic kunokubonwa ngabamkeli abakhethekileyo.Imithombo yokukhutshwa ingavavanywa ngokufunda ukuqina kwayo kunye nexesha lokufika ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga nemithombo yamandla, njengendawo yabo.