Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje lokuvelisa ngokuchanekileyo, ukuchaneka kuseyeyona nto iphambili ekufuneka yenziwe. Nokuba ngumatshini wokulinganisa olungelelanisiweyo (i-CMM), iqonga lelebhu ye-optical, okanye izixhobo ze-semiconductor lithography, iqonga le-granite lilitye lembombo eliyimfuneko, kwaye ukuthamba kwalo kumisela ngokuthe ngqo imida yokulinganisa yenkqubo.
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba kweli xesha lokwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo eziphucukileyo, ukwenziwa kwe-granite platform machining kufuneka kwenziwe zizixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC ezizenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, inyani iyamangalisa: ukuze kufezekiswe ukuchaneka kokugqibela kwinqanaba le-micron okanye i-submicron, inyathelo lokugqibela lisaxhomekeke ekugayweni ngesandla ziingcali ezinamava. Oku akubonisi ukuba ubuchwepheshe buyabuya, kodwa kukudibanisa isayensi, amava kunye nobugcisa.
Ixabiso lokusila ngesandla lixhomekeke kakhulu kubuchule balo bokulungisa obutshintshatshintshayo. Umatshini wokugaya we-CNC ngokuyintloko "yikopi engashukumiyo" esekelwe kubuchule besixhobo somatshini bokuchaneka, kwaye awunakukwazi ukulungisa rhoqo iimpazamo ezincinci ezenzeka ngexesha lomatshini. Umatshini wokugaya ngesandla, kwelinye icala, ngumsebenzi ovaliweyo, ofuna iingcali ukuba zihlole rhoqo umphezulu zisebenzisa izixhobo ezifana namanqanaba e-elektroniki, ii-autocollimators, kunye nee-laser interferometers, kwaye emva koko zenze uhlengahlengiso lomphezulu wendawo ngokusekelwe kwidatha. Le nkqubo idla ngokufuna amawaka eemilinganiselo kunye nemijikelo yokupolisha ngaphambi kokuba umphezulu wonke weqonga ucocwe kancinci kancinci ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu lokuthamba.
Okwesibini, ukugaywa ngesandla akunakuthathelwa indawo ngokulinganayo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwegranite. Igranite yinto yendalo enokusasazwa koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluntsonkothileyo. Ukugaywa ngoomatshini kunokuphazamisa ngokulula olu lungelelwaniso ngexesha elifutshane, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuguqukeni okuncinci kamva. Nangona kunjalo, ukugaywa ngesandla kusebenzisa uxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nobushushu obuphantsi. Emva kokugaywa, igcisa livumela umsebenzi ukuba uphumle, livumela uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwento ukuba lukhululeke ngokwendalo ngaphambi kokuba liqhubeke nokulungisa. Le ndlela "ecothayo nezinzileyo" iqinisekisa ukuba iqonga ligcina ukuchaneka okuzinzileyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide.
Ngaphezu koko, ukugaywa ngesandla kunokudala iipropati zomphezulu we-isotropic. Iimpawu zoomatshini zokugaya zihlala zibhekisa kwicala, nto leyo ebangela ukungqubana okungafaniyo kunye nokuphindaphinda kumacala ahlukeneyo. Ukugaywa ngesandla, ngokusebenzisa ubuchule bomchweli obuguquguqukayo, kudala ukusasazwa okungacwangciswanga nokufanayo kweempawu zokuguguleka, nto leyo ebangela umgangatho womphezulu ohambelanayo kuzo zonke iindlela. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuhamba.
Okubaluleke ngakumbi, i-granite yenziwe ziintlobo ngeentlobo zeeminerali, ezifana ne-quartz, i-feldspar, kunye ne-mica, nganye inobunzima obahlukeneyo. Ukusila ngoomatshini kudla ngokubangela ukunqunyulwa kakhulu kweeminerali ezithambileyo kunye nokuphuma kweeminerali ezinzima, nto leyo edala ukungalingani okuncinci. Ukusila ngesandla, kwelinye icala, kuxhomekeke kumava kunye nokuziva kwegcisa. Banokulungelelanisa rhoqo amandla kunye ne-engile ngexesha lenkqubo yokusila, bekhulisa ibhalansi phakathi kokwahluka kweeminerali kwaye bafumane umphezulu womsebenzi ofanayo kwaye onganyangekiyo.
Ngandlela thile, ukucutshungulwa kwamaqonga egranite achanekileyo kakhulu kukuhambelana nobuchwepheshe banamhlanje bokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nobugcisa bendabuko. Oomatshini be-CNC babonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle kunye nesimo sesiseko, ngelixa ukuthe tyaba, uzinzo, kunye nokufana kufuneka kufezekiswe ngesandla. Ngenxa yoko, lonke iqonga legranite elikumgangatho ophezulu libonisa ubulumko kunye nomonde weengcibi ezingabantu.
Kubasebenzisi abafuna ukuchaneka ngokupheleleyo, ukuqonda ixabiso lokusila ngesandla kuthetha ukukhetha into enokuthenjwa eya kuhlala ixesha elide. Ayisiyonto nje yelitye; sisiseko sokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka okupheleleyo ekuvelisweni nasekulinganisweni.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-23-2025