Kwimveliso echanekileyo, apho yonke i-micron ibalulekile, ukugqibelela akuyonjongo nje kuphela - yinto eqhubekayo. Ukusebenza kwezixhobo eziphezulu ezifana noomatshini bokulinganisa abadibeneyo (ii-CMM), izixhobo ze-optical, kunye neenkqubo ze-semiconductor lithography kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwisiseko esinye esithuleyo kodwa esibalulekileyo: iqonga le-granite. Ukuthamba komphezulu walo kuchaza imida yokulinganisa yenkqubo yonke. Ngelixa oomatshini be-CNC abaphambili belawula imigca yemveliso yanamhlanje, inyathelo lokugqibela lokufikelela ekuchanekeni kwe-sub-micron kumaqonga e-granite lisaxhomekeke ezandleni ezicokisekileyo zeengcibi ezinamava.
Oku akuyonto yakudala — yintsebenziswano emangalisayo phakathi kwesayensi, ubunjineli, kunye nobugcisa. Ukusila ngesandla kumela isigaba sokugqibela nesona sibuthathaka sokwenza ngokuchanekileyo, apho kungekho zixhobo zokwenza izinto ezizenzekelayo ezinokutshintsha indlela yomntu yokulinganisela, ukuchukumisa, kunye nokugweba okubonakalayo okucociweyo kwiminyaka emininzi yokusebenza.
Isizathu esiyintloko sokuba ukugaywa ngesandla kungatshintshi kuxhomekeke kubuchule bayo obukhethekileyo bokufezekisa ukulungiswa okuguquguqukayo kunye nokuba tyaba ngokupheleleyo. Umatshini wokugaya we-CNC, nokuba uphucuke kangakanani na, usebenza ngaphakathi kwemida yokuchaneka okungaguqukiyo kweendlela zayo zokuqondisa kunye neenkqubo zoomatshini. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukugaywa ngesandla kulandela inkqubo yempendulo yexesha langempela - umjikelo oqhubekayo wokulinganisa, ukuhlalutya, kunye nokulungisa. Iingcali ezinobuchule zisebenzisa izixhobo ezifana namanqanaba e-elektroniki, ii-autocollimators, kunye nee-laser interferometers ukufumanisa ukuphambuka kwemizuzu, ukulungisa uxinzelelo kunye neepatheni zokuhamba ngokuphendula. Le nkqubo iphindaphindayo ibavumela ukuba basuse iincopho ezincinci kunye neentlambo kumphezulu, bafikelele ekubeni tyaba kwihlabathi liphela oomatshini banamhlanje abanakuliphinda.
Ngaphaya kokuchaneka, ukugaywa ngesandla kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuzinziseni uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi. I-granite, njengezinto zendalo, igcina amandla angaphakathi avela ekwakhiweni kwejoloji nakwimisebenzi yokugaya. Ukugaywa okunamandla koomatshini kunokuphazamisa olu lungelelwaniso lubuthathaka, okukhokelela ekuguqukeni kwexesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, ukugaywa ngesandla kwenziwa phantsi koxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu obuncinci. Umaleko ngamnye usetyenzwa ngononophelo, uze uphumle kwaye ulinganiswe kwiintsuku okanye iiveki. Esi sigqi sicothayo nesicwangcisiweyo sivumela izinto ukuba zikhulule uxinzelelo ngokwendalo, ziqinisekise uzinzo lwesakhiwo oluhlala iminyaka emininzi yenkonzo.
Esinye isiphumo esibalulekileyo sokusila ngesandla kukudala umphezulu ofana nowe-isotropic — ubume obufanayo obungenamkhethe wecala. Ngokungafaniyo nokusila koomatshini, okudla ngokushiya iimpawu zokukrala ezithe ngqo, iindlela zesandla zisebenzisa iintshukumo ezilawulwayo, ezijolise kwicala elinye ezifana nomfanekiso-sibhozo kunye nokubetheka okujikelezayo. Isiphumo ngumphezulu onoburharha obuhlala buphindaphindeka kwaye buphindaphindeka kuzo zonke iindlela, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ekulinganisweni ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuhamba kwecandelo okugudileyo ngexesha lokusebenza ngokuchanekileyo.
Ngaphezu koko, ukungafani okukhoyo kokwakheka kwegranite kufuna ingqiqo yomntu. Igranite ineeminerali ezifana ne-quartz, i-feldspar, kunye ne-mica, nganye yahluka ngobunzima. Umatshini uyazigaya ngokungakhethiyo, nto leyo edla ngokubangela ukuba iiminerali ezithambileyo ziguge ngokukhawuleza ngelixa eziqinileyo ziphuma, nto leyo edala ukungalingani okuncinci. Iingcali ezinobuchule zinokuziva ezi mahluko zincinci ngesixhobo sokugaya, zilungelelanise amandla azo kunye nobuchule bazo ukuze zivelise ukugqitywa okufanayo, okuxineneyo, nokungagugi.
Ngokwenyani, ubugcisa bokugaya ngesandla abuyonto yokubuyela umva kodwa bubonisa ubuchule bomntu phezu kwezinto ezichanekileyo. Buhlanganisa umsantsa phakathi kokungafezeki kwendalo kunye nokugqibelela okwenziwe ngobuchule. Oomatshini be-CNC banokwenza ukusika okunzima ngesantya nangokungaguquguqukiyo, kodwa yingcibi yomntu enika ifuthe lokugqibela - ukuguqula ilitye eliluhlaza libe sisixhobo esichanekileyo esinokukwazi ukuchaza imida ye-metrology yanamhlanje.
Ukukhetha iqonga legranite elenziwe ngokugqiba ngesandla akuyonto nje yesithethe; kukutyala imali ekuchanekeni okuhlala ixesha elide, uzinzo lwexesha elide, kunye nokuthembeka okumelana nexesha. Emva kwayo yonke indawo yegranite ethe tyaba ngokugqibeleleyo kukho ubuchule kunye nomonde wabachwephesha ababumba ilitye ukuya kwinqanaba lee-microns - okungqina ukuba nangona kwixesha le-automation, isandla somntu sihlala sisixhobo esichanekileyo kunazo zonke.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-07-2025