Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje lokwenziwa kwe-ultra-chaneka, apho ukuchaneka kulinganiswa ngee-microns kunye ne-nanometers, eyona ntshukumo incinci okanye i-thermal shift inokugqiba impumelelo okanye ukusilela. Njengoko imizi-mveliso iqhubeleka nokutyhala imida yomlinganiselo kunye noomatshini, imfuno yendawo yereferensi ezinzileyo, ethembekileyo, kunye neyomeleleyo ayizange ibe nkulu. Apha kulapho amaqonga egranite achanekileyo ahlukana khona - azalwe ukusuka kwizigidi zeminyaka yokwenziwa kwejoloji yendalo kwaye yenziwe ngobunjineli ngeenkqubo zale mihla ezichanekileyo, ziye zaba luphawu olungenakuphikiswa lokuchaneka komlinganiselo.
Iinzuzo zegranite ziqala nzulu ngaphakathi kwelitye ngokwalo. Izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifana ne-ZHHIMG® Black Granite okanye iJinan Green Granite zikhethwa ngenxa yesakhiwo esixineneyo, iinkozo ezifanayo, kunye ne-homogeneity ebalaseleyo. La matye afumana ukuguga kwendalo ukukhulula uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluqokelelwe ngexesha le-geological. Ngenxa yoko, i-granite inikezela ngokunyuka okuphantsi kakhulu kwe-thermal-ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela i-0.5 ukuya kwi-1.2 × 10⁻⁶/°C-enye yesithathu okanye ngaphantsi kwentsimbi yentsimbi. Esi santya sisezantsi sokwandiswa kuthetha ukuba igraniti ayichatshazelwa lutshintsho lobushushu, igcina uzinzo lwexesha elide nokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka komlinganiselo ongaguqukiyo nakwiimeko zocweyo eziguquguqukayo.
Olunye uphawu oluchazayo lwamaqonga egranite achanekileyo kukungcangcazela kwawo okungaqhelekanga. Ubume bekristale begranite bufunxa kwaye buchithe ukungcangcazela bhetele kunemathiriyeli yentsimbi—ukuya kutsho ngokuphindwe kalishumi ngokufanelekileyo kunentsimbi etyhidiweyo. Le propati ibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezixhomekeke kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo ezifana ne-interferometers, ukulungelelanisa oomatshini bokulinganisa (i-CMMs), kunye neenkqubo zokulinganisa optical. Ngokunciphisa ukungcangcazela kunye ne-resonance, i-granite idala indawo yokulinganisa "ezolileyo" apho idatha ihlala inyulu kwaye iphinda iphindwe.
I-Granite ikwahambisa ubunzima obungenakuthelekiswa nanto, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, kunye nokumelana nomhlwa. Ikwazi ukumelana nemikrwelo nemichiza, igcina ukuba mcaba kwayo kangangamashumi eminyaka phantsi kokusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, yaye ayifuni kwaphela ukulungiswa—ngokungafaniyo nemiphezulu yentsimbi, ekufuneka ikhuthulwe rhoqo ize iphathwe umhlwa. Ngapha koko, igranite ngokwendalo ayinamagnetic, iyenza ilungele iilabhoratri kunye neendawo ezisingqongileyo ezinobuthathaka kuphazamiseko lwemagnethi, olunje ngezixhobo zeMRI okanye izixhobo zovavanyo oluchanekileyo.
Ezi mpawu zenza ukuchaneka kwamaqonga egranite abe yimfuneko kuwo wonke amashishini axhomekeke ekuchanekeni nasekuzinzeni. Basebenza njengesiseko sokulungelelanisa oomatshini bokulinganisa, i-laser interferometers, i-optical compators, kunye nabavavanyi bokujikeleza abasetyenziswa ngamaziko e-metrology kazwelonke kunye neelebhu zophando oluphezulu. Kwishishini le-semiconductor, baxhasa iinkqubo zokuhlola i-wafer kunye noomatshini be-lithography apho uzinzo luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo isivuno se-chip. Kwi-machining echanekileyo kunye ne-optics, iziseko zegranite zibonelela ngenkxaso engaguquguqukiyo yokusila okuchanekileyo kunye noomatshini bokugaya, ukuqinisekisa ukugqitywa komphezulu okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka komda. Nakuphando lwezenzululwazi, ukusuka ekubhaqweni kwamaza omxhuzulane ukuya kwisixhobo se-biomedical, igranite isebenza njengesiseko esithembekileyo esigcina imifuniselo izinzile kwaye ichanekile.
Ukukhetha iqonga legranite elichanekileyo elichanekileyo libandakanya ngaphezulu kokukhetha ubungakanani obufanelekileyo okanye ixabiso. Izinto ezifana nomgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo, uyilo lolwakhiwo, kunye nobugcisa bokwenziwa kwemveliso bumisela ukusebenza kwexesha elide. Amaqonga kufuneka ahlangabezane namabakala avunyiweyo okuchaneka (00, 0, okanye 1) ngokungqinelana ne-ISO okanye imigangatho ye-metrology yesizwe, kwaye abavelisi kufuneka babenakho ukubonelela ngezatifikethi zokuhlola zeqela lesithathu. Ubuchwephesha obuphezulu obunje ngokuchaneka kokuchaneka, ukuguga kwendalo, kunye noyilo lwenkxaso yolwakhiwo olunembambo olucokisekileyo lunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba iqonga ligcina i-deformation encinci phantsi komthwalo.
Xa kuthelekiswa neziseko zentsimbi yesiko, igranite iyagqwesa ngokucacileyo. Ibonisa uzinzo oluphezulu, ukudambisa okungcono, ukuxhathisa okungaphezulu kokunxiba, kunye neendleko zokuyilungisa ezisezantsi, ngelixa ibubungqina bendalo be-corrosion kwaye ingathathi hlangothi. Nangona ixabiso lokuqala legranite linokuba phezulu, ubomi bayo obude kunye nokuchaneka okungaguqukiyo kuyenza ibe lolona tyalo-mali lunoqoqosho noluthembekileyo kwixesha elide.
Ngokwenene, iqonga le-granite elichanekileyo alikho nje ilitye-lisisiseko esithe cwaka sokulinganisa kwanamhlanje kunye nokuveliswa. Ibonisa ukuzibophelela kwenkampani ukuchaneka, ukungaguquguquki, kunye nokugqwesa komgangatho. Njengoko amashishini ahambela kwimigangatho ephezulu yokuchaneka, ukukhetha iqonga legranite lutyalo-mali kungekuphela nje kwizixhobo kodwa nakwixesha elizayo lokuthembeka komlinganiselo ngokwawo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-07-2025