Gqibezela uMshini weCMM kunye neSikhokelo soMlinganiselo

Yintoni umatshini weCMM?

Yiba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni womatshini we-CNC okwaziyo ukwenza imilinganiselo echanekileyo ngendlela ezenzekelayo kakhulu.Nantso into eyenziwa ngoomatshini beCMM!

I-CMM imele “uMatshini wokulinganisa wokuLungelelanisa”.Mhlawumbi zezona zixhobo zokulinganisa ze-3D ngokokudityaniswa kwazo nokuguquguquka ngokubanzi, ukuchaneka, kunye nesantya.

Ukusetyenziswa koomatshini bokulinganisa bokuLungelelanisa

Ukulungelelanisa oomatshini bokulinganisa baxabisekile nanini na kufuneka kwenziwe imilinganiselo echanekileyo.Kwaye okukhona intsonkothe ​​ngakumbi okanye mininzi imilinganiselo, kokukhona kuluncedo ngakumbi ukusebenzisa i-CMM.

Ngokuqhelekileyo ii-CMM zisetyenziselwa ukuhlola nokulawula umgangatho.Oko kukuthi, zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye iyahlangabezana neemfuno zomyili kunye neenkcukacha.

Basenokusetyenziselwaumva injineliiindawo ezikhoyo ngokwenza imilinganiselo echanekileyo yeempawu zazo.

Ngubani owasungula oomatshini beCMM?

Oomatshini bokuqala be-CMM baphuhliswa yiNkampani yeFerranti yaseSkotlani ngeminyaka yee-1950.Zazifuneka kumlinganiselo ochanekileyo wamalungu kwi-aerospace kunye namashishini okhuselo.Oomatshini bokuqala babenezembe ezi-2 kuphela.Oomatshini be-axis aba-3 baziswa ngeminyaka yoo-1960 yiDEA yase-Italy.Ulawulo lwekhompyuter lweza ekuqaleni koo-1970, kwaye lwaziswa nguSheffield wase-USA.

Iindidi zoomatshini beCMM

Kukho iindidi ezintlanu zokulungelelanisa umatshini wokulinganisa:

• Uhlobo lweBridge CMM: Kulo yilo, oluqhelekileyo, intloko yeCMM ikhwela kwibhuloho.Elinye icala lebhulorho likhwela kumzila wesitimela ebhedeni, kwaye elinye lixhaswa kwi-cushion yomoya okanye enye indlela ebhedeni ngaphandle komzila wesikhokelo.
• I-Cantilever CMM: I-cantilever isekela ibhulorho kwicala elinye kuphela.
• I-Gantry CMM: I-gantry isebenzisa umzila wesikhokelo kumacala omabini, njenge-CNC Router.Ezi ngokwesiqhelo zezona CMM's zikhulu, ke zifuna inkxaso eyongezelelweyo.
• I-Horizontal Arm CMM: Yiba nomfanekiso we-cantilever, kodwa ngebhulorho iphela inyuka isihla ngengalo enye kunokuba ikwi-axis yayo.Ezi zezona CMM zichanekileyo, kodwa zinokulinganisa ubukhulu obuncinci bezinto ezifana nemizimba yemoto.
• Uhlobo lweArm oluphathwayo lweCMM: Aba matshini basebenzisa iingalo ezidibeneyo kwaye ngokwesiqhelo zibekwe ngesandla.Kunokuba balinganise i-XYZ ngokuthe ngqo, babala ulungelelwaniso ukusuka kwindawo ejikelezayo yejoyinti ngalinye kunye nobude obaziwayo phakathi kwamalungu.

Nganye ineengenelo kunye nezingeloncedo ngokuxhomekeke kwiindidi zemilinganiselo ekufuneka yenziwe.Ezi ntlobo zibhekisela kwisakhiwo somatshini esisetyenziselwa ukubeka indawo yawophononongangokunxulumene nenxalenye elinganiswayo.

Nantsi itafile esebenzayo ukunceda ukuqonda okuhle kunye nokubi:

Iiprowusi ziqhele ukubekwa kwi-3 dimensions-X, Y, kunye no-Z. Nangona kunjalo, oomatshini abaphucukileyo banokuvumela i-engile yeprobe ukuba iguqulwe ivumela umlinganiselo kwindawo ubungenokwazi ukufikelela kuyo.Iitafile ezijikelezayo zisenokusetyenziswa ukuphucula ukufikeleleka kweempawu ezahlukeneyo.

Ii-CMM zihlala zenziwe ngegranite kunye ne-aluminiyam, kwaye zisebenzisa iibheringi zomoya

I-probe yinzwa emisela apho umphezulu wenxalenye uphi xa umlinganiselo wenziwa.

Iintlobo zeProbe ziquka:

• Oomatshini
• I-Optical
• ILaser
• UkuKhanya okumhlophe

Oomatshini boMlinganiso boLungelelaniso basetyenziswa malunga neendlela ezintathu ngokubanzi:

• AmaSebe oLawulo loMgangatho: Apha agcinwa kumagumbi acocekileyo alawulwa yimozulu ukuze kwandiswe ukuchaneka kwawo.
• Umgangatho wevenkile: Apha ii-CMM ziphantsi phakathi koomatshini be-CNC ukwenza kube lula ukwenza uhlolo njengenxalenye yeseli yokuvelisa kunye nokuhamba okuncinci phakathi kwe-CMM kunye nomatshini apho iinxalenye zenziwa khona.Oku kuvumela ukuba imilinganiselo yenziwe kwangethuba kwaye okunokwenzeka rhoqo okukhokelela kugcino njengoko iimpazamo zichongwa kwakamsinyane.
• Ephathekayo: IiCMM eziphathwayo kulula ukuhambahamba.Zisenokusetyenziswa kuMgangatho weeVenkile okanye zisiwe kwindawo ekude nendawo yokuvelisa ukulinganisa iinxalenye ebaleni.

Bachane kangakanani oomatshini beCMM (Ukuchaneka kweCMM)?

Ukuchaneka koMatshini boMlinganiselo woLungelelaniso kuyahluka.Ngokubanzi, bajonge ukuchaneka kwe-micrometer okanye ngcono.Kodwa akukho lula ngolo hlobo.Into enye, kukho impazamo inokuba ngumsebenzi wobungakanani, ngoko ke impazamo yokulinganisa yeCMM inokuchazwa njengefomula emfutshane ebandakanya ubude bomlinganiselo njengento eguquguqukayo.

Umzekelo, i-Hexagon's Global Classic CMM idweliswe njenge-CMM efikelelekayo, kwaye ichaza ukuchaneka kwayo njenge:

1.0 + L/300um

Loo milinganiselo ikwiimicrons kwaye u-L uchazwe kwi-mm.Ke masithi sizama ukulinganisa ubude benqaku le-10mm.Ifomula iya kuba yi-1.0 + 10/300 = 1.0 + 1/30 okanye i-1.03 microns.

I-micron yiwaka le-mm, malunga ne-0.00003937 intshi.Ke impazamo xa ulinganisa ubude bethu be-10mm yi-0.00103 mm okanye i-intshi ze-0.00004055.Oko kungaphantsi kwesiqingatha sesiqingatha seshumi–impazamo encinci kakhulu!

Kwelinye icala, umntu kufuneka achaneke 10x le nto sizama ukuyilinganisa.Ngoko ke lonto ithetha ukuba singawuthemba lomlinganiso ku 10x elo xabiso, okanye 0.00005 intshizi.Iseyimpazamo encinci.

Izinto ziba mbi ngakumbi kwimilinganiselo ye-CMM yevenkile.Ukuba i-CMM igcinwe kwilebhu yokuhlola iqondo lokushisa, inceda kakhulu.Kodwa kuMgangatho wevenkile, amaqondo obushushu anokwahluka kakhulu.Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo i-CMM enokuthi ibuyekeze ukuguquguquka kwamaqondo obushushu, kodwa akukho nanye igqibeleleyo.

Abenzi be-CMM bahlala bechaza ukuchaneka kwebhanti yeqondo lokushisa, kwaye ngokwe-ISO 10360-2 umgangatho wokuchaneka kwe-CMM, ibhendi eqhelekileyo yi-64-72F (18-22C).Kulungile ngaphandle kokuba iShop Floor yakho iyi-86F ehlotyeni.Emva koko awunayo i-spec elungileyo yempazamo.

Abanye abavelisi baya kukunika isethi yezitepsi okanye iibhendi zobushushu ezineenkcazo ezahlukeneyo zokuchaneka.Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ungaphezu koluhlu olunye lokuqhuba okufanayo kwamacandelo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo osuku okanye ngeentsuku ezahlukeneyo zeveki?

Umntu uqala ukwenza uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olungaqinisekanga oluvumela iimeko ezimbi kakhulu.Ukuba ezo meko zimbi kakhulu zikhokelela ekunyamezeleni okungamkelekanga kwamalungu akho, utshintsho olongezelelweyo lwenkqubo luyafuneka:

• Unganciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-CMM kumaxesha athile emini xa ixesha lexesha liwela kuluhlu olulungileyo.
• Unokukhetha kuphela iinxalenye zokunyamezela ezisezantsi okanye iimpawu ngamaxesha athile osuku.
• Ii-CMM ezingcono zinokuba neespekthi ezingcono zomgangatho wobushushu bakho.Zisenokuba nexabiso nangona zinokubiza kakhulu.

Ngokuqinisekileyo la manyathelo aya konakalisa amandla akho okucwangcisa ngokuchanekileyo imisebenzi yakho.Ngequbuliso ucinga ukuba ulawulo lwemozulu olungcono kuMgangatho wevenkile lunokuba lutyalo-mali olunexabiso.

Uyabona ukuba yonke le nto yokulinganisa iba nzima kangakanani na.

Esinye isithako esihamba kunye yindlela ukunyamezelana okuza kuhlolwa yi-CMM kucacisiwe.Umgangatho wegolide yiGeometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T).Jonga ikhosi yethu yentshayelelo kwi-GD&T ukuze ufunde ngakumbi.

CMM Software

I-CMM iqhuba iintlobo ngeentlobo zesoftware.Umgangatho ubizwa ngokuba yiDMIS, emela iDimensional Measurement Interface Standard.Ngelixa ingeyiyo eyona nto iphambili yojongano lwesoftware kuye wonke umenzi weCMM, uninzi lwabo luyixhasa.

Abavelisi bazenzele ezabo iincasa ezizodwa ukwenzela ukuba bongeze imisebenzi yokulinganisa engaxhaswayo yi-DMIS.

DMIS

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe i-DMIS, ngumgangatho, kodwa njenge-g-code ye-CNC, zininzi iziyelelane eziquka:

• I-PC-DMIS: Inguqulelo ye-Hexagon
• OpenDMIS
• TouchDMIS: Perceptron

I-MCOSMOS

I-MCOSTMOS yisoftware kaNikon yeCMM.

ICalypso

ICalypso yisoftware yeCMM evela kwiZeiss.

CMM kunye CAD/CAM Software

Ingaba iSoftware yeCMM kunye neNkqubo inxulumana njani neCAD/CAM Software?

Kukho iifomathi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zefayile ye-CAD, ke jonga ukuba yeyiphi i-CMM yakho yeSoftware ehambelana nayo.Udibaniso lokugqibela lubizwa ngokuba yiModel Based Definition (MBD).Nge-MBD, imodeli ngokwayo ingasetyenziselwa ukukhupha imilinganiselo ye-CMM.

I-MDB iphambili kakhulu, ke ayikasetyenziswa kuninzi lwamatyala.

I-CMM Probes, Fixtures, kunye neZincedisi

CMM Probes

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeprobe kunye neemilo ziyafumaneka ukubhexesha izicelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

ULungiso lweCMM

Ulungiso lonke lugcina ixesha xa ulayisha kwaye usothula iinxalenye kwi-CMM, njengakuMatshini we-CNC.Unokufumana ii-CMM ezinezilayishi zeepalethi ezizenzekelayo zokwandisa umthamo.

CMM Machine Ixabiso

Oomatshini abaTsha bokuLungelelanisa uMlinganiselo baqala kuluhlu lweedola ezingama-20,000 ukuya kuma-30,000 eerandi kwaye benyuke baye ngaphaya kwesigidi esinye seedola.

Imisebenzi eNxulumene ne-CMM kwiVenkile yoMatshini

Umphathi weCMM

CMM uMcwangcisi

CMM Operator