Iinkqubo ezilithoba zokubumba ze-zircocoia ceramics

Iinkqubo ezilithoba zokubumba ze-zircocoia ceramics
Inkqubo yokubumba idlala indima edibanisayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokulungiselela i-ceramic, kwaye yeyona nto iphambili yokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwentsebenzo kunye nokuphinda-phinda kwemveliso ye-ceramic kunye nezinto.
Ngophuhliso loluntu, indlela yokuxovula yendabuko, indlela yokwakha ivili, indlela yokuqhuba, njl. Njl. I-ZRO2 I-Ceramic ye-ceramic isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwezi ntlobo ze-9 zilandelayo zeenkqubo zokubumba (iindidi ezimbini zendlela ezomileyo kunye neentlobo ezisi-7 zeendlela ezimanzi):

1. Ukomisa ukubumba

1.1 Ukucinezelwa kowomileyo

Ukucinezela owomileyo sebenzisa uxinzelelo ukucinezela i-ceramic powder ibe yinto ethile yomzimba. Eyona nto iphambili kukuba phantsi kwesenzo samandla angaphandle, amathafa omda asondela omnye komnye kwi-mold, kwaye adityaniswa ngokuqinileyo ngembambano yangaphakathi ukugcina ubume obuthile. Esona siphako siphambili kwimizimba eludlethisi eyomileyo yi-spality, enokubangelwa kukungqubana kwangaphakathi phakathi kweepowuni kunye nokuxinana phakathi kweepowuni kunye nodonga olungaphakathi, olukhokelela kwilahleko yangaphakathi.

Izibonelelo zokucinezelwa Omileyo kukuba ubungakanani bomzimba oluhlaza buchanekile, ukusebenza kulula, kwaye kuyalula ukuyiqonda ukusebenza kwemisebenzi; Umxholo wokufuma kunye ne-binder kwi-Green Ording incinci, kwaye i-shring kunye ne-shring shrink incinci. Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukwenza iimveliso ezinamaxesha alula, kwaye umlinganiselo womlinganiso mncinci. Ixabiso lemveliso elonyukayo elibangelwa kukunxiba umbumba kukungancedi kakuhle.

1.2 Ukucinezela i-Isostatic

Ukucinezelwa kwe-isostatic yindlela ekhethekileyo yokwakha ephuhlisiweyo kwisiseko sokucinezelwa kwemveli. Isebenzisa uxinzelelo lokuhambisa amanzi lokufaka uxinzelelo ngokulinganayo kwi-powder ngaphakathi kwe-elastiki kuzo zonke iindlela. Ngenxa yokungqinelana koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwe-fluid, umgubo unamathela kuxinzelelo olufanayo kuwo onke amakhomba, ke umahluko kwi-versity yomzimba oluhlaza unokuthintelwa.

Ukucinezelwa kwe-isostatic yahlulwe yahlulwa kwe-Isostatic ye-isostatic kunye nokucinezela i-isostatic ye-isostatic. Ukucinezelwa kwe-Isostatic ye-Isostatic kunokwenza iimveliso ngemilo entsonkothileyo, kodwa inokusebenza ngethutyana. Ukucofa i-Isostatic ye-Isostatic inokuqonda ukusebenza okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo, kodwa kunokwenza kuphela iimveliso ezinamaxesha alula njengezikwere, umjikelo, kunye namacandelo omnqamlezo. Ukucinezela isostatic kunokufumana iyunifomu kunye nomzimba oluhlaza ococekileyo, kunye nokudubula okuncinci kunye nokuntywila kwezikhokelo, kodwa ukuvelisa impumelelo, kwaye kulungele kuphela ukuvelisa izixhobo ezineemfuno ezizodwa.

I-2. Ukuqulunqa okumanzi

2.1 Ukukhula
Inkqubo yokugqabhuka komphunga iyafana nokuphosa ityhubhu, umahluko kukuba inkqubo yokubumba ibandakanya inkqubo yokuphelelwa ngumzimba kunye nenkqubo yokuthutha i-chiccal. Ukuphelelwa ngumzimba kususa amanzi kwindawo yokutyibilika ngesenzo se-caping gypsim gypsum. I-CA2 + eveliswe kukupheliswa komphezulu we-camo4 yonyusa amandla e-Ionic yesilayidi, okukhokelela ekuchitheni isilayidi.
Phantsi kwesenzo sokuphelelwa ngumzimba kunye nokuhlaselwa kwemichiza yekhemikhali, amasuda e-ceramic powders afakwe kwi-Gypppm yodonga. Ukukhula kufanelekile ukulungiselela ukulungiswa kweenxalenye ezinkulu ze-cemaramic ezinkulu ngeemilo ezintsonkothileyo, kubandakanya umgangatho womzimba oluhlaza, kubandakanya ubume, ubukhulu becala lwabasebenzi ukuphakama, kwaye ayifanelekanga kwimisebenzi ezenzekelayo.

2.2 Ukuphoswa kwe-HOT
Ukuphosa okufihlakeleyo kukudibanisa i-ceramic powder nge-binder (iparafini) kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu (60 ~ 100 ℃) ukufumana i-furry yokuphosa ukutya okukhoyo. Isilayidi sithatyathwe kwisinyithi sentsimbi phantsi kwesenzo somoya oxinzelelweyo, kwaye uxinzelelo lugcinwa. Ukupholisa, ukukhulula ukufumana i-wax engenanto, i-wax ingenamntu ichaphazelwe phantsi kokukhuselwa komgubo we-intert ukufumana umzimba ohlaza, kwaye umzimba oluhlaza utyelwe kwi-porcelain.

Umzimba oluhlaza olwenziwe ngokuphosa i-fied fiive inobungakanani obuchazwe ngokuchanekileyo, ubume bangaphakathi, ukunxiba okungaphezulu kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, kwaye kufanelekile kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zoluhlaza. Iqondo lobushushu le-wax slirry kwaye imbumbulu kufuneka ilawulwe ngokungqongqo, kungenjalo iya kubangela inaliti okanye inyama, ngoko ilungelelene nenkqubo yamanyathelo amabini enza imveliso kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphakame.

2.3 Ukuphosa iTayile
Ukuphosa i-Taipe kukudibanisa ngokupheleleyo umgubo we-ceramic ngenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, iiplastiki, abasasazi, njl njl. Ihamba iye kwibhanti ye-conlor ngokusebenzisa i-nozzle yokutyisa, kwaye ifilimu ingenanto ifunyenwe emva komile.

Le nkqubo ilungele ukulungiswa kwezixhobo zefilimu. Ukuze ufumane bhetyebhetye ngakumbi, ubungakanani obukhulu bezinto eziphilayo zenziwa, kwaye iiparamitha zenkqubo ziyafuneka ukuba zilawulwe ngokungqongqo, kungenjalo ziya kubangela iziphene ezinjengokungqubana, imilambo, amandla aphantsi kwefilimu okanye i-peling yefilimu okanye i-piedi yefilimu. Umcimbi oqhelekileyo osetyenzisiweyo unetyhefu kwaye uya kubangela ungcoliseko lwendalo, kunye nenkqubo enetyhefu okanye engaphantsi kwetyhefu okanye engaphantsi kwetyhefu kufuneka isetyenziswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lwendalo.

2.4 Inaliti yejeli
Itekhnoloji yejeli yejeli ye-Gel yejeli yinkqubo entsha ye-colloidal yenkqubo yokuqalisa abaphandi kwi-Oak Risge yesizwe yase-1990s. Kwintonga yayo kukusetyenziswa kwesisombululo se-monomer organer esibonisa i-polymering ibe ngamandla aphezulu, i-polymer ye-polymer ye-polymer.

Ukutyibilika komgubo we-ceramic ochithwe kwisisombululo sezinto eziphilayo kuphoswa kwisimo sengqondo, kwaye umxube we-monomer upolymer ukwenza i-gelid. Kuba i-polymer ye-polymer ye-polymer iqulethe i-10% -20% ye-SORD (iqhezu le) i-polymer, kulula ukuyisusa i-solvent kwinyathelo le-gel ngenqanaba elomileyo. Kwangelo xesha, ngenxa yoqhagamshelo lwasemva kwe-polymers, i-polymers ayinakufudukela kwi-solvent ngenkqubo yokomisa.

Le ndlela inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza izigaba zesigaba esinye kunye ne-ceramic ye-ceramic, ezinokwenza amalungu e-ceramic ezenziwe yi-ceasi, kunye namandla alo aluhlaza, amandla alo aluhlaza aphezulu kangange-20-30MPA okanye ngaphezulu, enokwanqikwa. Eyona ngxaki iphambili yale ndlela kukuba inqanaba le-shrinkage ye-shority yomzimba liphezulu ngexesha lenkqubo yoxinaniso, ekhokelela ngokulula ekulahlekisweni komzimba we-embuko; Abanye oomatshini be-organic banesithintelo seoksijini, oko kubangela ukuba umphezulu uvele kwaye uwe; Ngenxa yenkqubo yeqondo lobushushu olwenziwe ngobushushu, ebangela ukuba iqondo lokucheba likhokelela kubukho boxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, olubangela ukuba izithuba ziphulwe njalo njalo.

2.5 ngokuthe ngqo kwinaliti yokuqina
Inaliti eqinisekileyo ngqo yenaliti yitekhnoloji yokubumba ephuhliswe ngu-Eth Zornich: I-Solvent yamanzi, i-ceramic powder kunye ne-slicry ephantsi, i-slicry eqinileyo, i-slicry eqinileyo, emva koko ifakwe i-slirry ibe yinto engaqhelekanga.

Lawula inkqubela phambili yokuphendula kweekhemikhali ngexesha lenkqubo. Indlela awasabela ngayo ngaphambi kokuba inaliti iqhutywa kancinci, i-viscosity ye-slourry igcinwe emva kokuba inaliti inyibilikisiwe, i-slid iqinile, kwaye i-fluid slicry iguqulwe ibe liqela eliqinileyo. Umzimba oluhlaza oluhlaza uneepropathi ezintle zoomatshini kunye namandla anokufikelela kwi-5kpa. Umzimba oluhlaza uyadilizwa, womile kwaye usongelwe ukuba ube yinxalenye ye-ceramic yemo oyifunayo.

Iinzuzo zayo kukuba azidingi okanye azidingi kuphela isixa-mali sezinto eziphilayo (ngaphantsi kwe-1%), ukuxinana komzimba okuluhlaza okufunekayo (i-55% 70%), kwaye inokwenza iinxalenye ezinkulu ezinamafutha amaninzi. Ukungancedi kakuhle kukuba ii-sortiments zibiza kakhulu, kwaye igesi ikhutshwa ngokutsha ngexesha lokuphendula.

2.6 Inaliti yokubumba
Inaliti yokubumba kudala isetyenziswe ekubunjweni kweemveliso zeplastiki kunye nokubumba kwezinto zensimbi. Le nkqubo isebenzisa iqondo lobushushu eliphantsi le-thermopastic okanye iqondo lobushushu obuphezulu lwezinto ezinqamlezileyo. Umgubo kunye nomphathi we-organic uxutywe kwisixhobo esikhethekileyo sokudibanisa, kwaye emva koko ugcinwe kubumba ophantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu (amashumi ukuya kumakhulu eMPA). Ngenxa yoxinzelelo olukhulu lokubumba, izithuba ezifunyenweyo zinemilinganiselo echanekileyo, egudileyo egudileyo kunye necandelo le-compact; Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zebunjiweyo kuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza kwemveliso.

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970s nasekuqalekeni kweminyaka yee-1980, inkqubo yokuxhuzula inaliti yafakwa ekubunjweni kwe-ceramic. Le nkqubo iyaqonda ukuba iplastiki yezinto ezilusizi ngokongeza inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo, eziyinkqubo yesiqhelo ye-ceramic yeplastiki. Itekhnoloji yejeyi yokutsala, ukongeza ekusebenziseni i-thermoplastic organics (enjenge-polythylene, i-polystyrene), i-thelymoset ye-thermocy (i-thelymosers njenge-orlin), i-thelymosers njenge-arhente yeplastiki, i-pinolin kunye neearhente zokuphucula intsholongwane ukunqunyanyiswa kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho womzimba otyhidiweyo.

Inkqubo yokuxhuzula inaliti inezinto eziluncedo kwenqanaba eliphezulu le-automation automation kunye nobungakanani obuchanekileyo bokubumba okungenanto. Nangona kunjalo, umxholo we-organic kumzimba oluhlaza wejeramic-i-ceramic enamachaphaza aphezulu njenge-50vol%. Kuthatha ixesha elide, nkqu neentsuku ezininzi zokwenza imihla emininzi, ukuphelisa ezi zinto ziphilayo kwinkqubo elandelayo ye-raning, kwaye kulula ukubangela iziphene ezisemgangathweni.

2.7 Inaliti yenaliti yenaliti
Ukulungiselela ukusombulula iingxaki zexabiso elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo kwaye kubunzima bokuphelisa intsholongwane yenaliti, kwaye ngokuzimeleyo uphuhlise ngenaliti entsha ye-collodal ye-colloidal ukuze ufezekise inaliti ye-ceramic ye-ceramic. ukwenza.

Imbono esisiseko kukudibanisa i-colloidal yokubumba kunye nenaliti yezixhobo zenaliti, usebenzisa izixhobo zokuthambisa zenaliti kunye netekhnoloji entsha yonyango ebonelelwe yinkqubo yokuqiniswa kwe-colloidal kwi-POLLOALS eqinile. Le nkqubo intsha isebenzisa ngaphantsi kwe-4wt.% Yezinto eziphilayo. Ixabiso elincinci lemithambo-mali ye-organic okanye i-organic equmrhu ekunqunyazeni amanzi asetyenziselwa ukuqalisa ngokukhawuleza i-polymering ye-orlic molomers emva kokutsala i-onlic ukwenza umgubo we-organ, osongelayo ngokulinganayo umgubo we-ceramic. Phakathi kwabo, kungekuphela ixesha lokukhumbula kuncitshiswa kakhulu, kodwa nokuba kungenzeka ukuba ukuqhekeka kuncitshiswe kakhulu.

Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwenaliti ebunjiweyo ye-ceramic kunye ne-colloidal ebunjiweyo. Umahluko ophambili kukuba ibikukungodidi lweplastiki, kwaye le yeyokutsala i-slide, oko kukuthi, ukuthambisa akunantsingiselo kwaye yinto engafunekiyo. Ngenxa yokuba i-slurry ayinaplastiki kwiplastidal ebunjiweyo, umbono wesintu wokubuyisa inaliti ayinakuphela. Ukuba i-Colloidal Idityaniswe nenaliti yokubumba, inaliti yenaliti ye-collodal ye-ceramic ye-ceramic ifezekiswa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zentsholongwane kunye netekhnoloji entsha ye-Colloidal kwi-Colloidal kwi-Colloidal.

Inkqubo entsha yenaliti ye-colloidal inaliti egudileyo ye-ceramidi yahlukile kwi-Colloidal ye-Colloidal ye-Colloidal ye-Colloidal ye-Colloidal. Inzuzo yenqanaba eliphezulu le-moudling ngqokelela yindawo efanelekileyo yenkqubo yokubumba yeColloidal, eya kuba lithemba lokukhulisa umzi-mveliso we-teknoloji ephezulu.