Zithini iingenelo zeziko lokulungisa iibhedi zemabula ezisebenzisa izimbiwa?
Iiminerali ezisetyenziswa ngabantu (igranite eyenziwe ngumntu eyaziwa ngokuba yi-resin concrete) ziye zamkelwe ngokubanzi kushishino lwezixhobo zoomatshini kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-30 njengezinto zokwakha.
Ngokwezibalo, eYurophu, isixhobo somatshini esinye kwezili-10 sisebenzisa izixhobo zokuthunga iiminerali njengebhedi. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenzisa amava angafanelekanga, ulwazi olungaphelelanga okanye olungachanekanga kunokukhokelela ekurhanelweni nasekucalucalulweni kweMineral Castings. Ke ngoko, xa kusenziwa izixhobo ezintsha, kuyimfuneko ukuhlalutya iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kwezixhobo zokuthunga iiminerali kwaye uzithelekise nezinye izixhobo.
Isiseko soomatshini bokwakha ngokubanzi sahlulwe saba yintsimbi ephosiweyo, i-mineral casting (i-polymer kunye/okanye i-resin concrete esebenzayo), intsimbi/isakhiwo esidibeneyo (i-grouting/non-grouting) kunye nelitye lendalo (njenge-granite). Isixhobo ngasinye sineempawu zaso, kwaye akukho sixhobo sokwakha sigqibeleleyo. Kuphela ngokujonga iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kwesixhobo ngokweemfuno ezithile zesakhiwo, apho izinto zokwakha ezifanelekileyo zingakhethwa khona.
Imisebenzi emibini ebalulekileyo yezixhobo zokwakha—iqinisekisa i-geometry, indawo kunye nokufunxwa kwamandla kwezinto, ngokulandelelanayo zibeka phambili iimfuno zokusebenza (ukusebenza okungaguqukiyo, okuguqukayo kunye nobushushu), iimfuno zokusebenza/ulwakhiwo (ukuchaneka, ubunzima, ubukhulu bodonga, ukulula kweereyile zesikhokelo) zokufakelwa kwezixhobo, inkqubo yokujikeleza kwemidiya, izinto zothutho) kunye neemfuno zeendleko (ixabiso, ubungakanani, ukufumaneka, iimpawu zenkqubo).
I. Iimfuno zokusebenza kwezixhobo zokwakha
1. Iimpawu ezizinzileyo
Isiseko esimiselweyo sokulinganisa iimpawu ezingashukumiyo zesiseko sidla ngokuba bubunzima bezinto—ukuguquguquka okuncinci phantsi komthwalo, endaweni yamandla aphezulu. Kwi-static elastic deformation, iimineral castings zinokuthathwa njengezinto ezihambelanayo ze-isotropic ezithobela umthetho kaHooke.
Ubuninzi kunye ne-elastic modulus yee-mineral castings ngokulandelelanayo ziyi-1/3 yezo ze-cast iron. Ekubeni ii-mineral castings kunye nee-cast iron zinobunzima obufanayo, phantsi kobunzima obufanayo, ukuqina kwee-iron castings kunye nee-mineral castings kuyafana ngaphandle kokuqwalasela impembelelo yesimo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubukhulu bodonga loyilo lwee-mineral castings buhlala buphindwe kathathu kunobo be-iron castings, kwaye olu yilo aluyi kubangela naziphi na iingxaki ngokweempawu zoomatshini zemveliso okanye i-casting. Ii-mineral castings zifanelekile ukusebenza kwiindawo ezingashukumiyo ezithwala uxinzelelo (umz. iibhedi, izixhaso, iikholamu) kwaye azifanelekanga njengeefreyimu ezincinci kunye/okanye ezincinci (umz. iitafile, iipallet, izixhobo zokutshintsha, iinqwelo, izixhaso ze-spindle). Ubunzima beendawo zokwakha buhlala bunqunyelwe zizixhobo zabavelisi bee-mineral castings, kwaye iimveliso ze-mineral castings ezingaphezu kweetoni ezili-15 zihlala zinqabile.
2. Iimpawu ezitshintshayo
Okukhona isantya sokujikeleza kunye/okanye ukukhawuleziswa kweshaft, kokukhona kubaluleke ngakumbi ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo komatshini. Ukubeka ngokukhawuleza, ukutshintshwa kwezixhobo ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokutya okukhawulezayo rhoqo kuqinisa i-resonance yoomatshini kunye nokuvuselelwa okuguquguqukayo kwamacandelo olwakhiwo lomatshini. Ukongeza kuyilo olulinganayo lwecandelo, ukuphambuka, ukusasazwa kobunzima, kunye nokuqina okuguquguqukayo kwecandelo kuchaphazeleka kakhulu ziimpawu zokudambisa izinto.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-mineral castings kunika isisombululo esihle kwezi ngxaki. Ngenxa yokuba ifunxa ukungcangcazela ngokuphindwe kalishumi kune-cast iron yendabuko, inokunciphisa kakhulu ubukhulu kunye nokuphindaphinda kwendalo.
Kwimisebenzi yoomatshini efana noomatshini bokwenza izinto, inokuzisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu, umgangatho ongcono womphezulu, kunye nobomi bezixhobo obude. Kwangaxeshanye, ngokubhekiselele kwimpembelelo yengxolo, izixhobo zokwenziwa kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zikwasebenza kakuhle ngokuthelekisa nokuqinisekisa iziseko, izixhobo zokuhambisa kunye nezixhobo zezinto ezahlukeneyo zeenjini ezinkulu kunye nee-centrifuges. Ngokohlalutyo lwesandi sempembelelo, ukwenziwa kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ...
3. Iipropati zobushushu
Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba malunga ne-80% yokuphambuka kwezixhobo zomatshini kubangelwa ziziphumo zobushushu. Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo efana nemithombo yobushushu yangaphakathi okanye yangaphandle, ukufudumeza kwangaphambili, ukutshintsha izixhobo zokusebenza, njl. zonke zizizathu zokuguquka kobushushu. Ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha izixhobo ezilungileyo, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa iimfuno zezinto. Ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuqhuba okuphantsi kobushushu kuvumela iiminerali ukuba zibe ne-thermal inertia entle kwiimpembelelo zobushushu ezidlulayo (ezifana nokutshintsha izixhobo zokusebenza) kunye nokuguquguquka kobushushu obuphakathi. Ukuba kufuneka ukufudumeza kwangaphambili ngokukhawuleza njengebhedi yesinyithi okanye ubushushu bebhedi abuvumelekanga, izixhobo zokufudumeza okanye zokupholisa zinokuphoswa ngqo kwi-mineral casting ukulawula ubushushu. Ukusebenzisa olu hlobo lwesixhobo sokuhlawula ubushushu kunokunciphisa ukuphambuka okubangelwa yimpembelelo yobushushu, okunceda ukuphucula ukuchaneka ngexabiso elifanelekileyo.
II. Iimfuno zokusebenza kunye nolwakhiwo
Ukunyaniseka luphawu olwahlula izinto ezidityanisiweyo nezimbiwa kwezinye izinto. Ubushushu obuphezulu bokudityaniselwa kwezinto ezidityanisiweyo zezimbiwa yi-45°C, kwaye kunye nezinto ezidityanisiweyo nezichanekileyo, iindawo kunye nezinto ezidityanisiweyo zezimbiwa zinokudityaniswa kunye.
Iindlela zokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwi-mineral casting blanks, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufakweni ngokuchanekileyo kunye nemiphezulu yereli engadingi machining. Njengezinye izinto ezisisiseko, i-mineral castings ixhomekeke kwimithetho ethile yoyilo lwesakhiwo. Ubukhulu bodonga, izixhobo ezithwala umthwalo, izinto zokufaka iimbambo, iindlela zokulayisha kunye nokukhupha zonke zahlukile kwezinye izinto ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, kwaye kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwangaphambili ngexesha loyilo.
III. Iimfuno zeendleko
Nangona kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ngokwembono yobugcisa, ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko kubonisa ukubaluleka kwayo ngakumbi. Ukusebenzisa iiminerali castings kuvumela iinjineli ukuba zonge iindleko ezinkulu zemveliso kunye nokusebenza. Ukongeza ekongeni iindleko zomatshini, ukwenziwa kweeminerali, ukuhlanganiswa kokugqibela, kunye nokunyusa iindleko zothutho (indawo yokugcina impahla kunye nokuthutha) zonke zincitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo. Xa kujongwa umsebenzi ophezulu weminerali castings, kufuneka kujongwe njengeprojekthi iyonke. Enyanisweni, kusengqiqweni ngakumbi ukwenza uthelekiso lwamaxabiso xa isiseko sifakiwe okanye sifakwe kwangaphambili. Ixabiso lokuqala eliphezulu kakhulu lixabiso leminerali castings molds kunye nezixhobo, kodwa eli xabiso linokuncipha xa lisetyenziswa ixesha elide (iziqwenga ezingama-500-1000/isinyithi mold), kwaye ukusetyenziswa konyaka malunga neziqwenga ezili-10-15.
IV. Ububanzi bokusetyenziswa
Njengezinto zokwakha, izinto zokubumba izimbiwa zihlala zithatha indawo yezinto zokwakha zemveli, kwaye isitshixo sophuhliso lwazo olukhawulezayo sikwizinto zokubumba izimbiwa, iimold, kunye nezakhiwo ezizinzileyo zokubopha. Okwangoku, izinto zokubumba izimbiwa zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi zezixhobo zoomatshini ezifana noomatshini bokugaya kunye noomatshini bokugaya ngesantya esiphezulu. Abavelisi boomatshini bokugaya bebe ngabaphambili kwicandelo lezixhobo zoomatshini besebenzisa izinto zokubumba izimbiwa kwiibhedi zoomatshini. Umzekelo, iinkampani ezidumileyo kwihlabathi liphela ezifana ne-ABA z&b, iBahmler, iJung, iMikrosa, iSchaudt, iStude, njl. bezisoloko zixhamla kwi-damping, i-thermal inertia kunye nokuthembeka kwezinto zokubumba izimbiwa ukuze zifumane ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu womphezulu kwinkqubo yokubumba.
Ngenxa yokwanda kwemithwalo eguquguqukayo, iiminerali castings nazo ziyathandwa kakhulu ziinkampani eziphambili kwihlabathi kwicandelo leegrinder zezixhobo. Ibhedi yeminerali casting inobulukhuni obuhle kwaye inokuphelisa amandla abangelwa kukukhawuleziswa kwe-linear motor. Kwangaxeshanye, indibaniselwano yendalo yokusebenza kakuhle kokufunxwa kokungcangcazela kunye ne-linear motor inokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho womphezulu we-workpiece kunye nobomi benkonzo yevili lokusila.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-18-2022