Zeziphi iingenelo zeziko lomatshini wokwenza ibhedi yebhastile yeminerali?
Ukuchithwa kwamaminerali (i-granite eyenziwe ngumntu aka ikhonkrithi ye-resin) yamkelwe ngokubanzi kwishishini lesixhobo somatshini iminyaka engaphezu kwama-30 njengezinto zokwakha.
Ngokwezibalo, eYurophu, isixhobo somatshini esinye kwi-10 sisebenzisa i-mineral castings njengebhedi.Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwamava angafanelekanga, ulwazi olungaphelelanga okanye olungachanekanga lunokukhokelela ekukrokreleni kunye nokubandlululwa kwiMineral Castings.Ngoko ke, xa usenza izixhobo ezitsha, kuyimfuneko ukuhlalutya iingenelo kunye nokungonakali kwe-mineral castings kwaye uthelekise nezinye izinto.
Isiseko soomatshini bokwakha ngokuqhelekileyo sahlulahlulwe ngokwentsimbi etyhidiweyo, i-mineral casting (ipolymer kunye/okanye ikhonkrithi yeresin esebenzayo), intsimbi/isakhiwo esidityanisiweyo (i-grouting/non-grouting) kunye nelitye lendalo (elifana negranite).Isixhobo ngasinye sineempawu zayo, kwaye akukho nto ifanelekileyo yesakhiwo.Kuphela ngokuvavanya iingenelo kunye nokungalunganga kwezinto eziphathekayo ngokweemfuno ezithile zesakhiwo, kunokuthi kukhethwe izinto ezifanelekileyo zesakhiwo.
Imisebenzi emibini ebalulekileyo yezinto zokwakha-iqinisekisa i-geometry, isikhundla kunye nokufakwa kwamandla kwamacandelo, ngokulandelanayo ukubeka phambili iimfuno zokusebenza (i-static, i-dynamic kunye nokusebenza kwe-thermal), iimfuno ezisebenzayo / zesakhiwo (ukuchaneka, ubunzima, ubukhulu bendonga, ukukhululeka kwemigaqo yesikhokelo) ukufakwa kwezinto, inkqubo yokusasazwa kwemidiya, ulungiselelo) kunye neemfuno zeendleko (ixabiso, ubungakanani, ukufumaneka, iimpawu zenkqubo).
I. Iimfuno zokusebenza zezixhobo zesakhiwo
1. Iimpawu ezimileyo
Umlinganiselo wokulinganisa iimpawu ze-static zesiseko ngokuqhelekileyo ukuqina kwezinto-ubuncinci be-deformation phantsi komthwalo, kunokuba amandla aphezulu.Ukwenziwa kwe-static elastic elastic, ukujulwa kweeminerali kunokucingelwa njengemathiriyeli ye-isotropic homogeneous ethobela umthetho kaHooke.
Ubuninzi kunye ne-elastic modulus ye-mineral castings ngokulandelanayo yi-1/3 yezo zentsimbi.Ekubeni i-mineral castings kunye neentsimbi ezityhidiweyo zinobunzima obuthile obufanayo, phantsi kobunzima obufanayo, ukunyanzeliswa kweentsimbi zentsimbi kunye ne-mineral castings kuyafana ngaphandle kokuqwalasela impembelelo yobume.Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubukhulu bodonga loyilo lwe-mineral castings ngokuqhelekileyo ngamaxesha angama-3 e-iron castings, kwaye olu yilo aluyi kubangela naziphi na iingxaki ngokweempawu zemishini yemveliso okanye ukuphosa.Izimbiwa ezibunjiweyo zikulungele ukusebenza kwindawo ezingashukumiyo ezithwala uxinzelelo (umz. iibhedi, izixhaso, iikholamu) kwaye azifanelekanga njengezakhelo ezinodonga olucekethekileyo kunye/okanye iifreyimu ezincinci (umz. iitafile, iipalethi, izitshintshi zezixhobo, iikhareji, izixhasi zokusonta).Ubunzima beendawo zesakhiwo buhlala bukhawulelwe zizixhobo zabenzi bokuphosa izimbiwa, kwaye iimveliso zokuphosa izimbiwa ngaphezulu kweetoni ezili-15 zinqabile.
2. Iimpawu ezinamandla
Isantya esikhulu sokujikeleza kunye / okanye ukukhawuleza kwe-shaft, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo komatshini.Ukuma okukhawulezayo, ukutshintshwa kwesixhobo esikhawulezayo, kunye nokutya okukhawulezileyo ngokuqhubekayo kuqinisa i-resonance yoomatshini kunye nokuvuselela okuguquguqukayo kwamalungu omatshini.Ukongeza kwi-dimensional design yecandelo, ukuphambuka, ukusabalalisa ngobuninzi, kunye nokuqina okuguquguqukayo kwecandelo kuchaphazeleka kakhulu kwiimpawu zokudambisa izinto.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-mineral castings kunika isisombululo esihle kwezi ngxaki.Ngenxa yokuba ithatha ii-vibrations amaxesha ali-10 ngcono kunentsimbi yesiko, inokunciphisa kakhulu i-amplitude kunye nokuphindaphinda kwendalo.
Kwimisebenzi yomatshini efana noomatshini, inokuzisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu, umgangatho ongcono womphezulu, kunye nobomi obude besixhobo.Kwangaxeshanye, ngokubhekiselele kwimpembelelo yengxolo, iiminerali ziqhube kakuhle ngokuthelekisa kunye nokuqinisekiswa kweziseko, ukuhanjiswa kunye nezixhobo zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zeenjini ezinkulu kunye ne-centrifuges.Ngokohlalutyo lwesandi sempembelelo, ukugalelwa kwezimbiwa kungafezekisa ukucuthwa kwendawo ngama-20% kwinqanaba loxinzelelo lwesandi.
3. Iimpawu ze-Thermal
Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba malunga ne-80% yokuphambuka kwesixhobo somatshini kubangelwa yimiphumo ye-thermal.Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo efana nemithombo yokushisa yangaphakathi okanye yangaphandle, ukushisa kwangaphambili, ukutshintsha i-workpieces, njl.Ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha izinto eziphathekayo, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa iimfuno zezinto eziphathekayo.Ubushushu obuthile obuphezulu kunye ne-thermal conductivity ephantsi kuvumela ukugaywa kwezimbiwa ukuba kube ne-inertia elungileyo ye-thermal kwiimpembelelo zexeshana zobushushu (ezifana nokutshintsha izixhobo zokusebenza) kunye nokuguquguquka kweqondo lokushisa.Ukuba ukufudumeza okukhawulezileyo kuyafuneka njengebhedi yentsimbi okanye ubushushu bebhedi buthintelekile, izixhobo zokufudumeza okanye zokupholisa zinokuphoswa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-mineral casting ukulawula ubushushu.Ukusebenzisa olu hlobo lwesixhobo sembuyekezo yeqondo lokushisa kunokunciphisa ukuguqulwa okubangelwa yimpembelelo yokushisa, okunceda ukuphucula ukuchaneka ngexabiso elifanelekileyo.
II.Iimfuno zokusebenza kunye nezakhiwo
Ukunyaniseka luphawu oluhlukileyo olwahlula ukuchithwa kwamaminerali kwezinye izinto.Ubushushu obuphezulu bokuphosa kwi-mineral castings yi-45 ° C, kwaye kunye nokubumba okuchanekileyo okuphezulu kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza, iinxalenye kunye ne-mineral castings zingadityaniswa kunye.
Ubuchule obuphezulu bokuphosa kwakhona bunokusetyenziswa kwizithuba zokuphosa izimbiwa, okukhokelela ekuxhonyweni okuchanekileyo kunye nomgangatho kaloliwe ongadingi machining.Njengezinye izinto ezisisiseko, ukuchithwa kwamaminerali kuxhomekeke kwimithetho ethile yoyilo lwesakhiwo.Ubukhulu bendonga, izincedisi ezithwala umthwalo, ukufaka iimbambo, ukulayishwa kunye neendlela zokukhulula zonke zahluke kwezinye izinto ukuya kumlinganiselo othile, kwaye kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwangaphambili ngexesha loyilo.
III.Iimfuno zeendleko
Nangona kubalulekile ukuqwalasela kwimbono yezobugcisa, ukuphumelela kweendleko kuyanda kubonisa ukubaluleka kwayo.Ukusebenzisa i-mineral castings kuvumela iinjineli ukuba zigcine imveliso ebalulekileyo kunye neendleko zokusebenza.Ukongeza ekongeni iindleko zokwenza oomatshini, ukuphosa, ukudibanisa okokugqibela, kunye nokunyusa iindleko zolungiselelo (ukugcinwa kwempahla kunye nothutho) zonke ziyancitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo.Ukuqwalasela umsebenzi wezinga eliphezulu lokuchithwa kwamaminerali, kufuneka kujongwe njengeprojekthi epheleleyo.Enyanisweni, kunengqiqo ngakumbi ukwenza uthelekiso lwexabiso xa isiseko sifakwe okanye sifakwe ngaphambili.Ixabiso lokuqala eliphakamileyo lixabiso lokubumba i-mineral casting molds kunye ne-tooling, kodwa le ndleko inokuhlanjululwa ekusebenziseni ixesha elide (iziqwenga ze-500-1000 / i-steel mold), kwaye ukusetyenziswa konyaka malunga neziqwenga eziyi-10-15.
IV.Ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa
Njengezinto zokwakha, ukuchithwa kweeminerali zihlala zitshintsha izinto zemveli zesakhiwo, kwaye isitshixo sophuhliso lwaso ngokukhawuleza silele kwi-mineral casting, i-molds, kunye nezakhiwo ezizinzile.Okwangoku, i-mineral castings isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi zesixhobo somatshini ezifana noomatshini bokugaya kunye ne-high-speed machining.Abavelisi boomatshini bokugaya baye baba ngoovulindlela kwicandelo lesixhobo somatshini besebenzisa iiminerali zokuphoswa kweebhedi zoomatshini.Ngokomzekelo, iinkampani ezidumileyo zehlabathi ezifana ne-ABA z & b, i-Bahmler, i-Jung, i-Mikrosa, i-Schaudt, i-Stude, njl.njl ziye zahlala zixhamla kwi-damping, inertia ye-thermal kunye nokunyaniseka kwe-mineral castings ukufumana ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nomgangatho ogqwesileyo womphezulu kwinkqubo yokugaya. .
Ngemithwalo eguqukayo ehlala isanda, ukugalelwa kwezimbiwa kukwathandeka ngakumbi ziinkampani ezikhokelayo kwihlabathi kwicandelo lezixhobo zokusila.Ibhedi yokuphosa izimbiwa inobungqongqo obugqwesileyo kwaye inokuphelisa kakuhle amandla okubangelwa ukukhawuleziswa kwenjini yomgca.Kwangaxeshanye, indibaniselwano yendalo yokusebenza kakuhle kwe-vibration absorption kunye ne-linear motor inokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho we-workpiece kunye nobomi benkonzo yevili lokusila.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-18-2022