Nabani na okhe wachitha ixesha kumgangatho webhu ye-metrology mhlawumbi uye waphawula le ndlela ifanayo: oomatshini abadala bahlala kwiibhedi zentsimbi, abatsha bahlala kwilitye elimnyama. Oko kutshintsha akuzange kwenzeke kuba i-granite ibonakala imangalisa ngakumbi phantsi kwezibane. Kwenzeke ngenxa yengxaki yefiziksi engathandekiyo - ukwanda kobushushu.
Isinyithi esitshisiweyo siyanda size sinciphe malunga ne-10-12 x 10⁻⁶ nge °C. Oko kuvakala kuncinci de uyibeke ecaleni kwegranite yendalo, ehlala imalunga ne-5-8 x 10⁻⁶ nge °C, kwaye kwezinye iigranite ezimnyama ezixineneyo ezikufutshane ne-4-5 x 10⁻⁶. Kwiqonga lokulinganisa lemitha e-1, ukujija kwe-1°C kubushushu obuphakathi kunokutshintsha umphezulu wesinyithi esitshisiweyo ngee-microns ezininzi ngaphezu kwegranite efanayo. Ukunyamezela umgangatho weworkshop, akukho mntu ukhathalayo. Kwi-CMM ejonga i-semiconductor wafer stage, okanye i-laser interferometer ebambe ukuphindaphindwa kwe-sub-micron, loo mahluko ngumdlalo wonke webhola.
Ukudambisa kubalulekile njengokwandiswa
Uzinzo lobushushu lufumana uninzi lwengqwalasela, kodwa ukudambisa ukungcangcazela kubaluleke ngokufanayo kuyo nayiphi na into eyenza intshukumo echanekileyo — iintloko zokukhetha indawo, izigaba ze-XY, amaqonga athwala umoya. I-Granite yi-crystalline aggregate endaweni yesinyithi esilinganayo, ngoko ke ukungcangcazela koomatshini akusabalali kuyo ngendlela efanayo neyenzeka ngayo ngesinyithi esityhidiweyo. Imida yangaphakathi yeenkozo iyasasazeka kwaye ifunxa amandla endaweni yokuwahambisa ngokucocekileyo. Ngokwenyani oku kuthetha ukubaisiseko segraniteizinza ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba i-axis yomatshini iyekile ukuhamba, nto leyo eguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwixesha elifutshane lokuhlala kunye nomthamo ophezulu kwimigca yokuhlolwa kunye neyokuhlanganisa.
Kukwakho nomba wokuba kwenzeka ntoni kwixesha elide. Iibhedi zesinyithi ezibunjiweyo, nokuba zithomalaliswe kuxinzelelo, zinokurhubuluza kancinci ngokuhamba kweminyaka njengoko uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olubunjiweyo lusasazeka kwakhona. I-granite, ekubeni sele yenziwe phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu lwendalo ngokuhamba kwexesha, ayinayo loo ngxaki - "ayihlali" ngendlela ebunjiweyo ngayo.
Ayizizo zonke iigranite ezilinganayo
Le yinxalenye ebangela ukuba abathengi abaninzi bakhubeke. I-granite ithengiswa ngobuninzi kunye nombala ngendlela imithi ethengiswa ngayo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo, kodwa ukusebenza komzimba kuyahluka kakhulu phakathi kweengxobo. Ilitye elinobunzima obuphantsi, okanye izinto ezinemithambo ebonakalayo kunye neenkozo ezingaguquguqukiyo, aziyi kuhlala zithe tyaba ngokuhamba kwexesha njenge-granite emnyama exineneyo, enobukhulu obucolekileyo kuluhlu lwe-2,900-3,100 kg/m³. I-marble ngamanye amaxesha ithathelwa indawo ngababoneleli abancinci kuba ingabizi kwaye kulula ukuyitshixa, kodwa i-marble lilitye le-carbonate eliguquguqukayo - lithambile, linemingxuma emininzi, kwaye lizinzile kancinci kune-granite yokwenyani. Kwi-countertop yokuhombisa oko akunamsebenzi. Kwipleyiti yomphezulu apho i-CMM probe iza kubhekisela khona izihlandlo ezingamawaka ngemini, ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye yenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo abathengi abafumana ngazo imali engaphantsi ngaphandle kokuqaphela de kuvele ukujika kwe-calibration kwiinyanga kamva.
Apho oku kubonakala khona ekusebenzeni
Ukutshintshela kwiziseko zegranite kubonakala kakhulu kwizixhobo zokuhlola i-semiconductor, iinkqubo ze-PCB zokubhola kunye neenkqubo ze-AOI, oomatshini bokulinganisa abathathu, useto lwe-laser interferometry, kwaye ngakumbi kwimveliso yebhetri kunye ne-precision optics, apho ukubeka i-sub-micron kuye kwaba yimfuneko esisiseko endaweni yokuba yinto yodidi oluphezulu. Njengoko ukunyamezelana kwezi mveliso kuqhubeka kuqina - kuqhutywa zii-chip nodes ezincinci, iileya zebhetri ezincinci, kunye neenkqubo ze-laser ezikhawulezayo - umsantsa phakathi kwesinyithi esityhidiweyo "esilungileyo ngokwaneleyo" kunye negranite eqinileyo ngokwemilinganiselo uza kuba nefuthe elingakumbi, hayi ngaphantsi.
Ukuba kukho into enye ekufuneka ifundwe ziinjineli ezicinga ngeqonga elitsha lokuchaneka, yile: cela amanani okwenyani oxinano kunye nokwanda kobushushu, kungekhona nje "igranite" njengezinto zokujonga. Umahluko phakathi kwegranite exineneyo ekhethwe kakuhle kunye ne-substitute yomgangatho ophantsi unokuba ngumahluko phakathi komatshini ogcina ukulinganiswa iminyaka elishumi kunye nalowo ufuna ukuhlaziywa rhoqo ngekota.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-02-2026